154th Infantry

154th Infantry
Active 24 May 1918 – 15 May 1921
Country  British India
Allegiance British Crown
Branch  British Indian Army
Type Infantry
Size Three battalions
Part of 53rd (Welsh) Division
75th Division
Derajat Brigade
Engagements

First World War

Sinai and Palestine Campaign
Battle of Nablus
Battle of Sharon
Third Anglo-Afghan War

The 154th Infantry[lower-alpha 1] was an infantry regiment of the British Indian Army. It was formed in Mesopotamia in May 1918, saw service in the First World War and the Third Anglo-Afghan War, and was disbanded in May 1921.

History

Background

Heavy losses suffered by the British Expeditionary Force on the Western Front following the German Spring Offensive in March 1918 resulted in a major reorganization of the Egyptian Expeditionary Force:

In fact, the 75th Division already had four Indian battalions assigned,[lower-alpha 3] so of the 36 battalions needed to reform the divisions, 22 were improvised[16] by taking whole companies from existing units already on active service in Mesopotamia and Palestine to form the 150th Infantry (3 battalions), 151st Sikh Infantry (3), 152nd Punjabis (3), 153rd Punjabis (3), 154th Infantry (3), 155th Pioneers (2), 156th Infantry (1) and the 11th Gurkha Rifles (4).[17] The donor units were then brought back up to strength by drafts. In the event, just 13 of the battalions were assigned to the divisions[18] and the remaining nine were transferred from Mesopotamia to India in June 1918.[19]

Formation

The regiment was formed with three battalions in Mesopotamia in May 1918 by the transfer of complete companies posted from regiments serving in the 14th, 15th, 17th, and 18th Indian Divisions.[20] The 1st Battalion was transferred to India in June 1918 and later took part in the Third Anglo-Afghan War in 1919 as part of the Derajat Brigade.[21] The other two battalions were transferred to Egypt in July 1918,[22][23] were assigned to British divisions and took part in the final Allied offensive of the Sinai and Palestine Campaign (the Battles of Megiddo).[14][24]

Battalions

1st Battalion

The 1st Battalion was formed in Mesopotamia[25] in May 1918 by the transfer of complete companies from:[2]

The battalion was transferred from Mesopotamia to India in June 1918 and joined the Derajat Brigade on the North-West Frontier where it remained in until the end of the First World War.[25] In May 1919, part of the battalion mobilized with the Derajat Brigade and took part in the Third Anglo-Afghan War.[21] The battalion was disbanded in 1919.[1]

2nd Battalion

The 2nd Battalion was formed at Basra on 24 May 1918[23] by the transfer of complete companies from:[2]

It embarked on 19 June for Egypt, arriving at Suez on 5 July and moved to Qantara. On 16 July, it entrained and arrived at Lydda the next day. The battalion joined the 233rd Brigade, 75th Division at Rantis on 25 July. It remained with the division for the rest of the Sinai and Palestine Campaign,[23] taking part in the Battle of Sharon (19 September 1918).[14] The division was then withdrawn into XXI Corps Reserve near et Tire where it was employed on salvage work and road making. On 22 October it moved to Haifa where it was when the Armistice of Mudros came into effect and the war ended.[26]

On 13 November, the 75th Division concentrated at Lydda and by 10 December had moved back to Qantara. On 18 January 1919, instructions were received that the Indian battalions would be returned to India as transport became available.[26] The battalion was disbanded on 15 May 1921.[1]

3rd Battalion

The 3rd Battalion was formed in Mesopotamia[22] in May 1918 by the transfer of complete companies from:[2]

The battalion disembarked at Suez on 5 July and reached Lydda on 17 July. It joined the 158th Brigade, 53rd (Welsh) Division on 3 August near Jerusalem. It remained with the division for the rest of the Sinai and Palestine Campaign,[22] taking part in the Battle of Nablus (18–21 September 1918). At the end of the battle, the division was employed on salvage work and working on the Nablus road.[24]

On 27 October, the division started moving to Alexandria even before the Armistice of Mudros came into effect on 31 October, thereby ending the war against the Ottoman Empire. It completed its concentration at Alexandria on 15 November. The division received demobilization instructions on 20 December 1918. The Indian infantry battalions returned to India as transports became available and the division was reduced to cadre by 7 June 1919.[24] The battalion was disbanded in 1919.[1]

See also

Notes

  1. ↑ Gaylor[1] states that the regiment was called the 154th Indian Infantry whereas Perry[2] says 154th Infantry. The latter seems more likely given the designation of, for examples, the pre-war 18th Infantry, 98th Infantry and 108th Infantry.
  2. ↑ The remaining infantry division in the Egyptian Expeditionary Force in March 1918 – the 54th (East Anglian) Division – remained unaffected by these changes.[13]
  3. ↑ In March 1917, the Egyptian Expeditionary Force started forming the 75th Division, originally to be made up of Territorial Force battalions arriving from India. In May 1917, to speed up the formation of the division, it was decided to incorporate Indian battalions.[14] To this end, the independent 29th Indian Brigade was broken up in June 1917 and its battalions posted to 75th Division.[15]

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 Gaylor 1996, p. 346
  2. 1 2 3 4 Perry 1993, p. 177
  3. ↑ Becke 1936, p. 115
  4. ↑ Becke 1937, p. 121
  5. ↑ Perry 1993, p. 54
  6. ↑ Perry 1993, p. 90
  7. ↑ Perry 1993, pp. 21–24
  8. ↑ Perry 1993, pp. 25–28
  9. ↑ Becke 1938, pp. 15–16
  10. ↑ Becke 1936, pp. 120–121
  11. ↑ Becke 1937, pp. 29–30
  12. ↑ Becke 1937, pp. 126–128
  13. ↑ Becke 1936, pp. 128–129
  14. 1 2 3 Becke 1937, p. 129
  15. ↑ Perry 1993, p. 167
  16. ↑ Perry 1993, p. 174
  17. ↑ Perry 1993, pp. 177–178
  18. ↑ Hanafin, James. "Order of Battle of the Egyptian Expeditionary Force, September 1918" (PDF). orbat.com. Archived from the original (PDF) on 9 January 2015. Retrieved 11 November 2011.
  19. ↑ Perry 1993, pp. 44,64,81,103,155
  20. ↑ Perry 1993, pp. 128,134,144,148
  21. 1 2 Perry 1993, p. 156
  22. 1 2 3 Becke 1936, p. 121
  23. 1 2 3 Becke 1937, p. 128
  24. 1 2 3 Becke 1936, p. 123
  25. 1 2 Perry 1993, p. 155
  26. 1 2 Becke 1937, p. 130

Bibliography

External links

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