1812

This article is about the year 1812. For the work by Tchaikovsky, see 1812 Overture. For other uses, see 1812 (disambiguation).

Millennium:	2nd millennium
Centuries:	18th century – 19th century – 20th century
Decades:	1780s 1790s 1800s – 1810s – 1820s 1830s 1840s
Years:	1809 1810 1811 – 1812 – 1813 1814 1815

1812 in topic:
Humanities
Archaeology – Architecture – Art – Literature – Music
By country
Australia – Brazil - Canada – Denmark - France – Germany – Mexico – Norway - Philippines - Portugal– Russia - South Africa – Spain - Sweden - United Kingdom – United States
Other topics
Rail Transport – Science – Sports
Lists of leaders
Colonial Governors – State leaders
Birth and death categories
Births – Deaths
Establishments and disestablishments categories
Establishments – Disestablishments
Works category
Works

1812 in other calendars
Gregorian calendar	1812 MDCCCXII
Ab urbe condita	2565
Armenian calendar	1261 ԹՎ ՌՄԿԱ
Assyrian calendar	6562
Bengali calendar	1219
Berber calendar	2762
British Regnal year	52 Geo. 3 – 53 Geo. 3
Buddhist calendar	2356
Burmese calendar	1174
Byzantine calendar	7320–7321
Chinese calendar	辛未年 (Metal Goat) 4508 or 4448 — to — 壬申年 (Water Monkey) 4509 or 4449
Coptic calendar	1528–1529
Discordian calendar	2978
Ethiopian calendar	1804–1805
Hebrew calendar	5572–5573
Hindu calendars
- Vikram Samvat	1868–1869
- Shaka Samvat	1734–1735
- Kali Yuga	4913–4914
Holocene calendar	11812
Igbo calendar	812–813
Iranian calendar	1190–1191
Islamic calendar	1226–1227
Japanese calendar	Bunka 9 (文化９年)
Julian calendar	Gregorian minus 12 days
Korean calendar	4145
Minguo calendar	100 before ROC 民前100年
Thai solar calendar	2354–2355

Wikimedia Commons has media related to 1812.

1812 (MDCCCXII) was a leap year starting on Wednesday (dominical letter ED) of the Gregorian calendar and a leap year starting on Monday (dominical letter GF) of the Julian calendar, the 1812th year of the Common Era (CE) and Anno Domini (AD) designations, the 812th year of the 2nd millennium, the 12th year of the 19th century, and the 3rd year of the 1810s decade. Note that the Julian day for 1812 is 12 calendar days difference, which continued to be used from 1582 until the complete conversion of the Gregorian calendar was entirely done in 1929.

Events

January–March

January 1 – The Allgemeines bürgerliches Gesetzbuch (the Austrian civil code) enters into force in the Austrian Empire.
February 7
- The last New Madrid earthquake strikes New Madrid, Missouri, with an estimated moment magnitude of over 8.
- Novelist Charles Dickens is born in Portsmouth, England.
February 12 – Napoleon authorizes the usage of Mesures usuelles, the basis of the metric system.
February 13 – First Chilean newspaper Aurora de Chile is dealing with political philosophy and standing in favor of the new national government.
February 27 – English poet Lord Byron gives his first address as a member of the House of Lords, in defense of Luddite violence against industrialism in his home county of Nottinghamshire.
February 27 – Argentine War of Independence: Manuel Belgrano raises the Flag of Argentina in the city of Rosario for the first time.
March 5 – Prussia and France sign the Treaty of Paris
March 15 – Luddites attack the wool-processing factory of Frank Vickerman in West Yorkshire.
March 19 – The Cádiz Cortes, in exile, create the first modern Spanish constitution.
March 16–April 6 – Siege of Badajoz (Peninsular War): The Anglo-Portuguese Army, under the Earl of Wellington, besieges Badajoz in Spain and forces surrender of the French garrison.
March 26
- In the United States, the Boston Gazette prints a political cartoon coining the term "Gerrymander" after former Massachusetts Governor Elbridge Gerry's approval (on February 11) of legislation creating oddly shaped electoral districts designed to help incumbents win re-election.
- The 1812 Caracas earthquake destroys Caracas in Venezuela.

April–June

April 4 – U.S. President James Madison enacts a 90-day embargo on trade with the United Kingdom.
April 30 – Louisiana is admitted as the 18th U.S. state.
May 11 – John Bellingham assassinates British Prime Minister Spencer Perceval in the lobby of the British House of Commons.
May 16 – Russian Field Marshal Mikhail Kutuzov signs the Treaty of Bucharest, ending the Russo-Turkish War (1806–12) and annexing Bessarabia to Imperial Russia.
May 25 – Felling mine disaster: A mine explosion at the Felling colliery near Jarrow, England leaves 96 dead.
June 1 – War of 1812: U.S. President James Madison asks the U.S. Congress to declare war on the United Kingdom.
June 4 – Following Louisiana's admittance as a U.S. state, the territory by that name is renamed the Missouri Territory.
June 16 – New York State charters City Bank of New York, which later became Citibank.
June 18 – The War of 1812 between the United States, Canada and the United Kingdom begins.
June 24 – Napoleon's Grande Armée crosses the Neman River and invades Russia.

July–September

July 12 – Americans invade Canada at Windsor, Ontario.
July 18 – Russia's Patriotic War – Battle of Klyastitsy: Kulnev defeats Oudinot but sustains a mortal wound.
July 22 – Peninsular War – Battle of Salamanca: British forces led by Lord Wellington defeat French troops near Salamanca in Spain.
August 5 – War of 1812: Tecumseh's Indian force ambushes Thomas Van Horne's 200 Americans at Brownstone Creek, causing them to flee and retreat.
August 12 – Peninsular War: The combined English and Portuguese army under the command of Wellington enters Madrid following the Battle of Salamanca.
August 15 – War of 1812: Battle of Fort Dearborn – Potawatomi warriors overrun the United States fort in [Illinois Territory].
August 16 – War of 1812: American General William Hull surrenders Fort Detroit without a fight to the British Army.
August 19 – War of 1812: The USS Constitution defeats the British frigate Guerriere off the coast of Nova Scotia. The British shot is said to have bounced off the Constitution's sides, earning her the nickname "Old Ironsides".
September 7 – Napoleonic Wars – French invasion of Russia – Battle of Borodino: The bloodiest battle of the Napoleonic Wars ends in a tactical victory for Napoleon. There are at least 70,000 casualties, with a minimum of 6,562 dead from the French Grande Armée alone.
September 14 – French invasion of Russia: Napoleon's troops enter Moscow, which is deliberately set on fire by Muscovites on orders of Fyodor Rostopchin.