1917 Samoa earthquake

1917 Samoa earthquake
Date June 26, 1917 UTC
June 25, 1917 local
Origin time 5:49 UTC [1]
Magnitude Mw 8.5 [1]
Depth 10 km (6.2 mi)
Epicenter 15°30′S 173°00′W / 15.50°S 173.00°W / -15.50; -173.00 [1]
Areas affected Samoa and American Samoa
Tsunami 40 ft (12 m)

The 1917 Samoa earthquake occurred on June 26 at 05:49 UTC. The epicenter was located in the southwest of the Samoan Islands. The earthquake had a magnitude of Mw 8.5, or Ms 8.4, one of the strongest earthquakes ever recorded in this region.[1][2]

Many subsidences were reported. In the mountains, masses of rocks were hurled down.[3] In Apia, violent shaking lasted for about a minute and half.[4] In American Samoa, the LDS Church in Pago Pago and the Catholic Church in Leone were partly demolished.[5] A tsunami was triggered by the earthquake, which affected both American Samoa and German Samoa, which was then under Allied occupation. The tsunami reached a maximum of 40 feet. The maximum range of the tsunami in Apia was about 80 cm. Many houses were destroyed, and a bridge was washed away in Palauli.[6] The tsunami was also recorded in Honolulu and on the west coast of the United States. Just on May 1, 1917, a large earthquake of magnitude Ms 8.0 occurred in the Kermadec Islands region. The tsunami caused by the earthquake in May also hit the Samoan Islands.[7][8][9]

The earthquake occurred to the southwest of the Samoa Islands, along the Tonga Plate boundary. The focal mechanism of this earthquake was unclear. This earthquake and the 2009 event were not thought to represent the same repeating process in a same location.[7][10]

See also

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 Engdahl, E. R.; Vallaseñor, A. (2002). "Global seismicity: 1900-1999". International Handbook of Earthquake & Engineering Seismology (PDF). Part A, Volume 81A (First ed.). Academic Press. p. 673. ISBN 978-0124406520.
  2. ↑ "Importance of Historical Seismograms for Geophysical Research" by H. Kanamori
  3. ↑ http://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/cgi-bin/paperspast?a=d&d=TC19170717.2.49.3
  4. ↑ http://docs.lib.noaa.gov/rescue/mwr/045/mwr-045-08-0425.pdf
  5. ↑ "1917 earthquake revisited". Samoaobserver.ws. 2009-09-29. Retrieved 2012-05-06.
  6. ↑ http://www.mnre.gov.ws/documents/forum/2006/9-shaun%20&%20malaefono.pdf
  7. 1 2 "Tsunamigeneric predecessors to the 2009 Samoa earthquake" by E. A. Okal, J. C. Borrero, C. Chagué-Goff
  8. ↑ "Catalog of Tsunamis in the Samoan Islands" by G. Pararas-Carayannis and B. Dong
  9. ↑ "The Energy Release in Great Earthquakes" by H. Kanamori
  10. ↑ http://www.earth.northwestern.edu/people/emile/PDF/EAO210.pdf
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