1928 college football season

1928 NCAA football season
Total # of teams	100[1]
Number of bowls	1
Bowl games	January 1, 1929
Champions	Georgia Tech Golden Tornado USC Trojans
College football seasons « 1927 1929 »

The 1928 NCAA football season have both the USC Trojans and the Georgia Tech Golden Tornado claim national championships. USC was recognized as champions under the Dickinson System, but the Rose Bowl was contested between the #2 and #3 teams, California and Georgia Tech. The game was decided by a safety scored after Roy "Wrong Way" Riegels ran 65 yards in the wrong direction. Vance Maree blocked the ensuing punt which gave Georgia Tech a safety deciding the 8-7 win.

The Florida Gators led the nation in scoring, led by its "Phantom Four" backfield, with 336 points. They were remembered by many sports commentators as the best Florida football team until at least the 1960s. An undefeated season and shared southern title with Georgia Tech was curtailed by a one-point upset loss to Robert Neyland's Tennessee Volunteers

Conference and program changes

• After the original Missouri Valley Intercollegiate Athletic Association disbanded in May 1928, six of the former members (Iowa State, Kansas, Kansas State, Missouri, Nebraska, and Oklahoma) established a new conference with the same MVIAA name (although more commonly referred to as the Big Six Conference). The remaining four teams (Drake, Grinnell, Oklahoma A&M, and Washington–St. Louis) joined with independent Creighton to form the similarly named Missouri Valley Conference.

School	1927 Conference	1928 Conference
Appalachian State Mountaineers	Program Established	Independent
Creighton Bluejays	Independent	Missouri Valley
Drake Bulldogs	MVIAA	Missouri Valley
Iowa State Cyclones	MVIAA	Big Six (MVIAA)
Grinnell Pioneers	MVIAA	Missouri Valley
Kansas Jayhawks	MVIAA	Big Six (MVIAA)
Kansas State Wildcats	MVIAA	Big Six (MVIAA)
Missouri Tigers	MVIAA	Big Six (MVIAA)
Nebraska Cornhuskers	MVIAA	Big Six (MVIAA)
Oklahoma Sooners	MVIAA	Big Six (MVIAA)
Oklahoma A&M Cowboys	MVIAA	Missouri Valley
UCLA Bruins	SCIAC	Pacific Coast
Washington (MO) Bears	MVIAA	Missouri Valley

September

September 29

Army beat Boston University 35-0. New York University (NYU) beat Niagara College 21-0. Pennsylvania def Ursinus 34-0. California beat Santa Clara 22-0 and USC beat Utah State, 40-12. Texas beat its crosstown neighbor, Austin's St. Edward's College, 32-0.

October

October 6

Nebraska opened its season with a 12-0 win at Iowa State. Army narrowly beat the visiting SMU Mustangs, 14-13. NYU beat West Virginia Wesleyan, 26-7. Pennsylvania def. Franklin & Marshall 46-0. Texas beat Texas Tech 12-0. After losing 2 games out of 3 to non-college opponents, Stanford won at Oregon 26-12; USC beat visiting Oregon State 19-0. California beat St. Mary's, 7-0 Wisconsin beat visiting Notre Dame, 22-6. Georgia Tech beat VMI, 13-0. Illinois beat Bradley, 33-6. Iowa played a Sunday game against Monmouth College, winning 26-0.

October 13

Stanford beat visiting UCLA 45-7, and California beat Washington State, 13-3. USC defeated St. Mary's, 19-6.

In New Orleans, Georgia Tech beat Tulane, 12-0, and in Dallas, Texas narrowly lost to Vanderbilt, 13-12. Pennsylvania shut out Swarthmore 67-0. NYU defeated Fordham* 34-7. Army shut out Providence 44-0. Nebraska beat Montana State, 26-6. Iowa won at Chicago, 13-0, while Illinois hosted Iowa's Coe College, winning 31-0 Wisconsin hosted Cornell College of Iowa, and North Dakota State University, with the varsity winning the first game 49-0, and the reserves beating the Dakotans 13-7.

October 20

In Berkeley, California and USC played to a 0-0 tie. With the exception of this game, USC played all of its other contests at home in Los Angeles in 1928.

Georgia Tech shut out Notre Dame at home, 13-0. Army won at Harvard 15-0. NYU beat Rutgers* 48-0. Pennsylvania recorded its fourth shutout, beating Penn State 14-0. In San Francisco, Stanford beat Idaho, 47-0. Wisconsin and Purdue tied 19-19, and Illinois beat Indiana 13-7. Iowa beat Ripon College, 61-6. Nebraska edged visiting Syracuse, 7-6. Texas beat Arkansas, 20-7. After its first two wins over Ashland College (65-0) and Thiel (38-13), Carnegie Tech beat Washington & Jefferson, 19-0.

October 27

Army won at Yale, 18-6. NYU beat Colgate 47-6. Pennsylvania (4-0-0) was upset by (1-3-0) Navy, 6-0. Prior to that, Penn had outscored its opponents 161-0. USC beat Occidental 19-0. Stanford beat Fresno State, 47-0. Wisconsin won at Michigan, 7-0, and Iowa beat Minnesota, 7-6, while Illinois beat Northwestern 6-0. Carnegie Tech beat Pittsburgh, 6-0. Georgia Tech yielded its first points, winning at North Carolina, 20-7. Nebraska shut out Missouri, 24-0, and Texas won at Rice, 13-6. California lost to the Olympic Club of San Francisco, 12-0. Olympic, nominally an amateur team of former college players, had beaten Stanford 12-6 earlier.

November

November 3

In Los Angeles, USC (4-0-1) and Stanford (5-2-0) met, with the Trojans winning 10-0. Wisconsin beat visiting Alabama, 15-0, while 4-0-0 Illinois suffered its first loss, at Michigan, 3-0. California beat Oregon, 13-0. Nebraska won at Kansas, 20-0. Texas lost to visiting SMU, 6-2. Pennsylvania won at Chicago, 20-13. NYU and Georgetown University, both 5-0-0, with the Hoyas winning 7-2. Army beat Indiana's DePauw College, 38-12. Iowa defeated visiting South Dakota, 19-0. Carnegie Tech extended its streak, with a 32-0 win over Westminster College of Pennsylvania, and Georgia Tech beat visiting Oglethorpe College 32-7.

November 10

Army (6-0-0) hosted Notre Dame(4-2-0). A crowd of 90,000 packed the stands while 5,000 others in the Bronx watched from roofs and fire escapes within view of Yankee Stadium. Though the Fighting Irish weren't having a good year, the score was 0-0 when Knute Rockne inspired his team at halftime by relating George Gipp's deathbed wish ("When the team's up against it, when things are wrong and the breaks are beating the boys—tell them to go in there with all they've got and win just one for the Gipper"). Though Army scored a touchdown in the third quarter, touchdowns by Jack Chevigny and Johnny O'Brien gave the Irish a 12-6 lead. In the final minute, Army drove to within one foot of the goal line, but the whistle sounded before the Cadets could snap the ball.^[2]

In the New York Daily News the following Monday, reporter Francis Wallace first related the story in an article entitled, "Gipp's Ghost Beat Army."^[3]

The big game in the South was in Atlanta, where Vanderbilt (6-0-0) visited Georgia Tech (5-0-0), and the home team won 19-7. Texas won at Baylor, 6-0.

Wisconsin defeated Chicago, 25-0, and Iowa won at Ohio State, 14-7. In Indianapolis, Illinois beat Butler, 14-0.

Pennsylvania won at Harvard, 7-0 NYU beat Alfred University, 71-0. USC beat Arizona, 78-7, Stanford beat Santa Clara 31-0, and California won at Washington, 6-0. Carnegie Tech won at Georgetown, 13-7.

Nebraska, which had not played Oklahoma during the last two seasons, renewed a rivalry that became one of the most notable in college football. Playing at Oklahoma, the Cornhuskers won 44-6.

November 17

Iowa (6-0-0) hosted Wisconsin (6-0-1) in a meeting of unbeatens, with the visitors handing the Hawkeyes their first loss, 13-0. Illinois won at Chicago, 40-0. Georgia Tech beat Alabama at home, 33-13. Nebraska (6-0-0) hosted the (5-2-0) Pitt Panthers, and were tied, 0-0. Pennsylvania beat Columbia 34-7 NYU beat Missouri, 27-6. Army beat Carleton, 32-7. Texas beat a strong TCU team, 6-0. USC won again, defeating Washington State, 27-13, while Stanford beat Washington, 12-0, California rolled over visiting Nevada, 60-0. (6-0-0) Carnegie Tech won at (5-2-0)Notre Dame, 27-7.

November 24

Carnegie Tech (7-0-0) and NYU (7-1-0) met at Pittsburgh. The Violets handed Tech its first defeat, 27-13. Georgia Tech crushed visiting Auburn, 51-0. Auburn won only 1 of its 9 games, and scored in only two of those contests.

Army (7-1-0) and Nebraska (6-0-1) met at West Point, with the Cadets beating the visiting Cornhuskers, 13-3. Stanford and California tied at Berkeley, 13-13. USC beat Idaho, 28-7.

November 29

On Thanksgiving Day, Pennsylvania beat Cornell 49-0. Overall, the Penn Quakers had outscored their opponents 271 to 26, and finished 8-1-0. NYU closed its season with a 25-13 loss to visiting Oregon State, and finished 8-2-0. Wisconsin hosted Minnesota, and suffered its first loss, a 6-0 defeat, to close at 7-1-1. After starting the season 6-0, Iowa closed with a second loss, at Michigan, 10-7, to finish 6-2-0. Illinois closed at 7-1-0 after beating visiting Ohio State, 8-0. Nebraska closed its season with an 8-0 win over Kansas State, and Texas wrapped with a 19-0 win over Texas A&M.

December 1

Army and Stanford met at Yankee Stadium, with Stanford shutting the Cadets out, 26-0. In Los Angeles, USC hosted Notre Dame, winning 27-14, to close its season at 9-0-1.

December 8

Georgia Tech hosted Georgia and won 20–6, closing regular play at 9–0, before the Yellow Jackets' trip to the Rose Bowl. The Jackets finished 7–0 in Southern Conference play, assuring themselves of at least a share of the conference title.

In one of the final games of the 1928 season, once-tied Tennessee hosted unbeaten Florida in Knoxville. For coach Charlie Bachman's Florida Gators, a share of the Southern Conference title stake was at stake; coach Robert Neyland's Tennessee Volunteers were playing for pride. Tennessee edged Florida, 13–12. Florida finished 8–1, Tennessee 9–0–1, and unbeaten and untied Georgia Tech won the conference championship outright.

Rose Bowl

As the lone post-season college football game, the Rose Bowl matched the California Golden Bears, co-champions (with USC) of the Pacific Coast Conference, against the Georgia Tech Yellow Jackets, nicknamed the "Golden Tornado" as well as the "champions of the South". In the second quarter, the Jackets were on their own 25 yard line, when Warner Mizell fumbled the football. Playing linebacker, California center Roy Riegels scooped up the fumble at the 34 and dashed, unimpeded, toward the end zone. Unfortunately, Riegels had gotten turned around and ran downfield toward the California goal. Though Riegels was not tackled in his own end zone, California chose to punt from there on first down, and Benny Lom's kick was blocked by Tech's Tom Jones, and Cal's Stan Barr fell on the ball for the safety. Georgia Tech's 2-0 lead at halftime was extended to 8-0 after Stumpy Thomason ran for 15 yards for a score, and the conversion failed. Lom's pass to Irv Phillips, and Barr's extra point, made it 8-7 with a minute left. An onside kick attempt failed, and Georgia Tech ran out the clock to win the other national championship.^[4]

Conference standings

The following is a potentially incomplete list of conference standings:

1928 Big Six football standings Conf     Overall Team W   L   T     W   L   T Nebraska $ 5 – 0 – 0     7 – 1 – 1 Missouri 3 – 2 – 0     4 – 4 – 0 Oklahoma 3 – 2 – 0     5 – 3 – 0 Iowa State 2 – 2 – 1     2 – 5 – 1 Kansas 1 – 3 – 1     2 – 4 – 2 Kansas State 0 – 5 – 0     3 – 5 – 0 $ – Conference champion	1928 Big Ten football standings Conf     Overall Team W   L   T     W   L   T Illinois $ 4 – 1 – 0     7 – 1 – 0 Wisconsin 3 – 1 – 1     7 – 1 – 1 Minnesota 4 – 2 – 0     6 – 2 – 0 Iowa 3 – 2 – 0     6 – 2 – 0 Ohio State 3 – 2 – 0     5 – 2 – 1 Purdue 2 – 2 – 1     5 – 2 – 1 Northwestern 2 – 3 – 0     5 – 3 – 0 Michigan 2 – 3 – 0     3 – 4 – 1 Indiana 2 – 4 – 0     4 – 4 – 0 Chicago 0 – 5 – 0     2 – 7 – 0 $ – Conference champion Rankings from Dickinson System	1928 New England Conference football standings Conf     Overall Team W   L   T     W   L   T Maine + 2 – 0 – 1     4 – 1 – 2 Connecticut + 1 – 0 – 2     4 – 1 – 3 New Hampshire 1 – 1 – 1     3 – 2 – 3 Rhode Island 0 – 3 – 0     2 – 7 – 0 + – Conference co-champions
1928 PCC football standings Conf     Overall Team W   L   T     W   L   T USC $ 4 – 0 – 1     9 – 0 – 1 California * 3 – 0 – 2     6 – 2 – 2 Stanford 4 – 1 – 1     8 – 3 – 1 Oregon 4 – 2 – 0     9 – 2 – 0 Washington State 4 – 3 – 0     7 – 3 – 0 Oregon State 2 – 3 – 0     6 – 3 – 0 Idaho 2 – 3 – 0     3 – 4 – 1 Washington 2 – 4 – 0     7 – 4 – 0 UCLA 0 – 4 – 0     4 – 4 – 1 Montana 0 – 5 – 0     4 – 5 – 1 $ – Conference champion * – Selected as Rose Bowl representative (USC declined)	1928 Southern Conference football standings Conf     Overall Team W   L   T     W   L   T Georgia Tech $ 7 – 0 – 0     10 – 0 – 0 Tennessee 6 – 0 – 1     9 – 0 – 1 Florida 6 – 1 – 0     8 – 1 – 0 VPI 4 – 1 – 0     7 – 2 – 0 Alabama 6 – 2 – 0     6 – 3 – 0 LSU 3 – 1 – 1     6 – 2 – 1 Clemson 4 – 2 – 0     8 – 3 – 0 Vanderbilt 4 – 2 – 0     8 – 2 – 0 Tulane 3 – 3 – 1     6 – 3 – 1 Ole Miss 3 – 3 – 0     5 – 4 – 0 North Carolina 2 – 2 – 2     5 – 3 – 2 Kentucky 2 – 2 – 1     4 – 3 – 1 South Carolina 2 – 2 – 1     6 – 2 – 2 Maryland 2 – 3 – 1     6 – 3 – 1 VMI 2 – 3 – 1     5 – 3 – 2 Georgia 2 – 4 – 0     4 – 5 – 0 NC State 1 – 3 – 1     4 – 5 – 1 Mississippi A&M 1 – 4 – 0     2 – 4 – 2 Virginia 1 – 6 – 0     2 – 6 – 1 Washington and Lee 1 – 6 – 0     2 – 8 – 0 Sewanee 0 – 5 – 0     2 – 7 – 0 Auburn 0 – 7 – 0     1 – 8 – 0 $ – Conference champion	1928 Southwest Conference football standings Conf     Overall Team W   L   T     W   L   T Texas $ 5 – 1 – 0     7 – 2 – 0 Arkansas 3 – 1 – 0     7 – 2 – 0 Baylor 3 – 2 – 0     8 – 2 – 0 TCU 3 – 2 – 0     8 – 2 – 0 SMU 2 – 2 – 1     6 – 3 – 1 Texas A&M 1 – 3 – 1     5 – 4 – 1 Rice 0 – 5 – 0     2 – 7 – 0 $ – Conference champion

Dickinson System

The AP sportswriters' poll would not begin continuously until 1936.^[5] (although, the first time was a one instance publishing in 1934^[6]) Frank G. Dickinson, an economics professor at the University of Illinois, had invented the Dickinson System to rank colleges based upon their records and the strength of their opposition. The system was originally designed to rank teams in the Big Nine (later the Big Ten) conference. Chicago clothing manufacturer Jack Rissman then persuaded Dickinson to rank the nation's teams under the system, and awarded the Rissman Trophy to the winning university.^[7]

The system awarded 30 points for a win over a "strong team", and 20 for a win over a "weak team". Losses were awarded points (15 for loss to a strong team, 10 for loss to a weak team). Ties were treated as half a win and half a loss (22.5 for a tie with a strong team, 15 for a tie with a weak team). An average was then derived by dividing the points by games played.^[8]

Final Dickinson rankings

Professor Dickinson concluded that the University of Southern California Trojans were "the national football champions of America for 1928". Unbeaten and untied Georgia Tech was ranked third because, Dickinson said, "its schedule was easier than the other contenders".^[9] On January 4, 1929, the Jack F. Rissman national intercollegiate trophy was presented by Professor Dickinson to the USC football squad, and Coach Howard Jones, at a student rally on the Los Angeles campus. For the benefit of the crowd, Dickinson added "that even had he taken into consideration the victory of Georgia Tech over California on New Year's Day that the University of Southern California would have still be rated at the top," though Georgia Tech would have ranked second instead of third after its Rose Bowl win ^[10]

Rank	Team	Record	Rating
1	USC Trojans	9-0-1	24.13
2	California Golden Bears	6-1-2	22.50
3	Georgia Tech Golden Tornado	9-0	20.00
4 (t)	Stanford	8-3-1	19.17
4 (t)	Wisconsin Badgers	7-1-1	19.17
6 (t)	Carnegie Tech Tartans	7-1	18.33
6 (t)	Iowa Hawkeyes	6-2	18.33
7	Illinois Fighting Illini	7-1	18.33
8	Army Cadets	8-2	17.50
9	NYU Violets	8-2	16.25
10	Pennsylvania Quakers	8-1	15.00

Awards and honors

All-Americans

The consensus All-America team included:

Position	Name	Height	Weight (lbs.)	Class	Hometown	Team
QB	Howard Harpster	6'1"	160	Sr.	Salem, Ohio	Carnegie Tech
HB	Chris Cagle	5'9"	167	Jr.	De Ridder, Louisiana	Army
HB	Chuck Carroll	6'0"	190	Sr.	Seattle, Washington	Washington
HB	Paul Scull	5'8"	185	Sr.	Lower Merion, Pennsylvania	Penn
FB	Ken Strong	6'1"	201	Sr.	West Haven, Connecticut	NYU
E	Irvine Phillips	6'1"	188	Sr.	Salinas, California	California
T	Otto Pommerening	5'11"	178	Sr.	Ann Arbor, Michigan	Michigan
G	Seraphim Post	6'0"	190	Jr.	Berkeley, California	Stanford
G	Don Robesky	5'11"	198	Sr.	Bakersfield, California	Stanford
C	Peter Pund	6'0"	182	Sr.	Augusta, Georgia	Georgia Tech
G	Edward Burke	6'0"	180	Sr.	Larksville, Pennsylvania	Navy
T	Mike Getto	6'2"	198	Sr.	Irwin, Pennsylvania	Pittsburgh
E	Wes Fesler	6'0"	185	So.	Youngstown, Ohio	Ohio State

Statistical leaders

• Team scoring most points: Florida, 336 to 44.
• Player scoring most points: Ken Strong, NYU, 162

References

1. http://www.jhowell.net/cf/cf1928.htm
2. "Notre Dame Upsets West Point in Sensational Duel," Syracuse Herald, November 11, 1928, p. XX-1.
3. Murray A. Sperber, Shake Down the Thunder: The Creation of Notre Dame Football (Indiana U., 2002), p. 285.
4. "Lone Mistake Costs California Victory," Oakland Tribune, January 2, 1929, p20
5. http://www.appollarchive.com/football/ap/seasons.cfm?seasonid=1936
6. http://www.appollarchive.com/football/ap/research/1934-11-15_poll.cfm
7. Herschel Nissenson Tales From College Football's Sidelines (Sports Publishing LLC, 2001), p93.
8. "The Dickinson system awards 30 points for a victory over a strong team, and 20 for victory over a weak team. Defeats count half as much as victories, and ties are consideredas games half won and half lost. Dividing this total by the number of games played gives the final rating, "ILLINOIS BEST FOOTBALL TEAM OF YEAR," The Syracuse Herald, Dec. 4, 1927, p23
9. "Dickinson Rating Gives U.S.C. National Grid Title," The Salt Lake Tribune, December 9, 1928, p21
10. "Trojans Awarded Rissman Trophy For Nation's Best Grid Eleven," The Helena (Mont.) Independent Jan. 8, 1929, p8