1992 Giro d'Italia

1992 Giro d'Italia
Race details
Dates 24 May — 14 June
Stages 22
Distance 3,843 km (2,388 mi)
Winning time 103h 36' 08" (37.092 km/h or 23.048 mph)
Palmares
Winner  Miguel Indurain (ESP) (Banesto)
Second  Claudio Chiappucci (ITA) (Carrera Jeans–Vagabond)
Third  Franco Chioccioli (ITA) (GB–MG Maglificio)
Points  Mario Cipollini (ITA) (GB–MG Maglificio)
Mountains  Claudio Chiappucci (ITA) (Carrera Jeans–Vagabond)
Youth  Pavel Tonkov (RUS) (Lampre–Colnago)
Intergiro  Miguel Indurain (ESP) (Banesto)
Team GB–MG Maglificio

The 1992 Giro d'Italia was the 75th edition of the Giro d'Italia, one of cycling's Grand Tours. The Giro started off in Genoa on 24 May with a 8 km (5.0 mi) individual time trial. The race concluded in Milan with an 66 km (41.0 mi) individual time trial on 14 June. Twenty teams entered the race, which was won by the Spaniard Miguel Indurain of the Banesto team. Second and third respectively were the Italians Claudio Chiappucci and Franco Chioccioli. Indurain's victory in the 1992 Giro was his first step in completing the Giro - Tour double – winning the Giro d'Italia and Tour de France in one calendar year - becoming the sixth rider to accomplish this feat, with the first being Fausto Coppi in 1949.

Thierry Marie won the events opening leg and in doing so, became the first rider to wear the race leader's maglia rosa (English: pink jersey) in this edition. He held the race lead for another stage, before he lost it to eventual winner Indurain upon the conclusion of the third stage who held it for the rest of the race's duration. Indurain built upon his advantage during the fourth and twenty-second stages, both individual time trials, and protected the lead by responding to most attacks from his rivals during the mountainous stages.

Indurain became the first Spanish rider to win the Giro d'Italia. Indurain also won the secondary intergiro classification. In the race's other classifications, Lampre–Colnago rider Pavel Tonkov of Russia finished as the best rider aged 25 or under in the general classification, finishing in seventh place overall; Mario Cipollini of the GB–MG Maglificio team was the winner of the points classification, with GB-MG Maglificio finishing as the winners of the team classification, ranking each of the twenty teams contesting the race by lowest cumulative time.

Teams

Twenty teams were invited by the race organizers to participate in the 1992 edition of the Giro d'Italia.[1][2] Each team sent a squad of nine riders, which meant that the race started with a peloton of 180 cyclists.[1][2][3] From the riders that began the race, 148 made it to the finish in Milan.[3]

The twenty teams that took part in the race were:[4]

Pre-race favorites

The starting peloton did include the previous year's winner Franco Chioccioli.[1][3] According to author Bill McGann, Miguel Indurain came into the race with the aims of riding it for preparation for the Tour de France in July.[3] Claudio Chiappucci came into the race as a contender after finishing on the podium at the previous season's Giro d'Italia and Tour de France.[3] The Spanish newspaper El País believed Indurain to be the favorite heading into the first day of racing.[1] However, the newspaper did state that his chances were lower since his teammate Jean-François Bernard was not participating in the race due to an injury.[1][5] l'Unità writer Dario Ceccarelli and Avui writer Recuero believed that Chiappucci and Indurain were the favorites to win the overall crown.[2][6] Spanish newspaper Diari de Girona named Indurain, Chiappucci, Laurent Fignon, and Massimiliano Lelli the main contenders to win the race.[5]

Route and stages

A mountain in the distance.
The 205 km (127 mi) fourteenth stage began in Corvara and contained a summit finish atop Monte Bondone (pictured).

The route for the 1992 Giro d'Italia was unveiled by race director Carmine Castellano on 30 November 1991.[7] It contained three time trial events, all of which were individual. There were eleven stages containing high mountains, of which four had summit finishes: stage 10, to Monte Terminillo;[8] stage 14, to Monte Bondone;[9] stage 18, to Monviso;[10] and stage 19, to Pila.[11] The organizers chose to include no rest days. When compared to the previous year's race, the race was 128 km (80 mi) longer and lacked an opening time trial prologue. In addition, this race contained one less of half stages.

El País felt that the route was best suited for an all-round cyclist, while stating that final 66 km (41 mi) individual time trial would be decisive in determining the winner of the race.[1] Avui writer Recuero believed that the course was the toughest in years, while also stating that many experts found that the race route was well balanced between the time spent in the mountains and the distance allocated to time trials.[2] The race's nineteenth stage, which began and ended in Saluzzo, was named the queen stage for the amount of difficult mountains contained in the stage.[12]

Stage results[3][4]
Stage Date Course Distance Type Winner
1 24 May Genoa 8 km (5 mi) Individual time trial  Thierry Marie (FRA)
2 25 May Genoa to Uliveto Terme 194 km (121 mi) Plain stage  Endrio Leoni (ITA)
3 26 May Uliveto Terme to Arezzo 174 km (108 mi) Stage with mountain(s)  Maximilian Sciandri (ITA)
4 27 May Arezzo to Sansepolcro 38 km (24 mi) Individual time trial  Miguel Indurain (ESP)
5 28 May Sansepolcro to Porto Sant'Elpidio 198 km (123 mi) Plain stage  Mario Cipollini (ITA)
6 29 May Porto Sant'Elpidio to Sulmona 223 km (139 mi) Stage with mountain(s)  Franco Vona (ITA)
7 30 May Roccaraso to Melfi 232 km (144 mi) Stage with mountain(s)  Guido Bontempi (ITA)
8 31 May Melfi to Aversa 184 km (114 mi) Plain stage  Mario Cipollini (ITA)
9 1 June Aversa to Latina 165 km (103 mi) Plain stage  Guido Bontempi (ITA)
10 2 June Latina to Monte Terminillo 196 km (122 mi) Stage with mountain(s)  Luis Herrera (COL)
11 3 June Montepulciano to Imola 233 km (145 mi) Stage with mountain(s)  Roberto Pagnin (ITA)
12 4 June Imola to Bassano del Grappa 214 km (133 mi) Plain stage  Endrio Leoni (ITA)
13 5 June Bassano del Grappa to Corvara 204 km (127 mi) Stage with mountain(s)  Franco Vona (ITA)
14 6 June Corvara to Monte Bondone 205 km (127 mi) Stage with mountain(s)  Giorgio Furlan (ITA)
15 7 June Riva del Garda to Palazzolo sull'Oglio 171 km (106 mi) Plain stage  François Simon (FRA)
16 8 June Palazzolo sull'Oglio to Sondrio 166 km (103 mi) Stage with mountain(s)  Marco Saligari (ITA)
17 9 June Sondrio to Vercelli 203 km (126 mi) Plain stage  Mario Cipollini (ITA)
18 10 June Vercelli to Pian del Re 200 km (124 mi) Stage with mountain(s)  Marco Giovannetti (ITA)
19 11 June Saluzzo to Pila 260 km (162 mi) Stage with mountain(s)  Udo Bölts (GER)
20 12 June Saint Vincent to Verbania 201 km (125 mi) Stage with mountain(s)  Franco Chioccioli (ITA)
21 13 June Verbania to Vigevano 95 km (59 mi) Plain stage  Mario Cipollini (ITA)
22 14 June Vigevano to Milan 66 km (41 mi) Individual time trial  Miguel Indurain (ESP)
Total 3,843 km (2,388 mi)

Race overview

A man riding a bike in a cycling jersey.
Frenchman Thierry Marie won the opening stage of the 1992 Giro d'Italia and wore the race leader's maglia rosa for two days.

The Giro began with a short 8 km (5.0 mi) individual time trial that navigated through the streets of Genoa, which was won by Thierry Marie by a margin of three seconds.[13] The next day of racing culminated with a bunch sprint that was won by Jolly Componibili-Club 88's Endrio Leoni after the leading two-man breakaway just kilometers before the finish.[14][15] Banesto controlled the pace-making for most of the third stage before general classification contender Claudio Chiappucci attacked.[16] Chiappucci attacked near the end of the stage, but was caught by his rivals.[16] Motorola's Maximilian Sciandri edged out Massimiliano Lelli for the stage win as the race lead shifted from Marie to Miguel Indurain.[16] Indurain increased his advantage over the rest of the competing riders by winning the stage 4 individual time trial by thirty-two seconds.[17][18]

The race's sixth stage was the first stage containing several climbs of great difficulty.[19] As the stage progressed, the general classification contenders formed a group on the road.[19] Chiappucci and Marco Giovannetti attacked a few times, with all of their attempts being marked by the other riders.[19] The contenders all crossed the finish line together seconds after stage winner Franco Vona, with Frenchman Laurent Fignon being the only one to lose time.[19] The following day, sprinter Guido Bontempi and Giuseppe Petito formed a breakaway group that survived to the stage's conclusion, with Bontempi taking the stage victory.[20][21] Stages 8 and 9 both came down to field sprints won by Mario Cipollini and Bontempi, respectively.[22][23]

The event's tenth stage featured a summit finish to Monte Terminillo.[3] The general classification contenders were all in a group together as they reached the final climb of the day.[3][24] Piotr Ugrumov was the first of the group to attack and was joined by Roberto Conti shortly after.[3][24] Behind, Indurain led a chase group that contained Andrew Hampsten, Chiappucci, Giovannetti, and Luis Herrera, while general classification hopefuls Chioccioli and Fignon dropped off the back since they could not keep pace.[3] The group caught Conti, who was alone after Ugrumov slowed, and from there, Herrera attacked to win the stage.[3][24] The next day's route was an undulating one.[25] Chioccioli, Roberto Pagnin, and Marco Lietti formed a breakaway group and gained an advantage of three and a half minutes over the main field which was led by Indurain's team, Banesto.[25] The group remained in front, Pagnin took the stage victory, and Indurain finished over two minutes later.[25][26] With around nine kilometers remaining in the twelfth stage, there was an accident that saw Chiappicci and Giovannetti amongst others go down.[27] The peloton continued on, gearing up for a sprint finish that Leoni won.[27]

A man looking into the camera while wearing a suit.
Miguel Indurain (pictured in 2009) won the 1992 Giro d'Italia and became the first Spaniard to win the race.

The race entered the Dolomites in the thirteenth stage.[3][28] Indurain was attacked several times on the final climb of the day by Chioccioli, Giovannetti, and Chiappucci; however, he was able to counter each attack and the group of main competitors finished together three after the stage winner, Vona.[3][28] The next day was the most mountainous of the race, according to El Pais writer Paolo Viberti, as it contained the Passo Pordoi and twice climbed Monte Bondone, with the second being the end of the stage.[29] Giorgio Furlan launched a solo attack that won him the stage as the general classification contenders attacked each other behind.[29] Indurain marked each move that was made by his rivals, except for a last ditch effort by Chioccioli that allowed him to finish five seconds ahead of the rest of the general classification hopefuls.[29] The next leg of the race saw a nine-man group form a breakaway after the stage started.[30] The breakaway group was not caught and reached the finish line where Castorama's François Simon won sprint to the line.[30] Marco Saligari won the sixteenth stage after participating in a breakaway that lasted around 146 km (90.7 mi).[31]

The eighteenth stage featured a summit finish to the Pian del Re.[10] After several rival riders attacked Indurain, a group of general classification riders were leading on the road going into the final climb of the day.[32] As the climb wore on, the group thinned and Gatorade–Chateau d'Ax's Giovannetti attacked on a false flat with about 500 m (1,640.4 ft) remaining in the stage to win the day.[32] Giancarlo Perini and Udo Bölts caught the nineteenth stage's leading rider on the road, Ramon Gonzalez.[32] Bölts attacked with two kilometers left on the day and rode solo to stage victory.[12] Meanwhile, race leader Indurain countered all the attacks made by his rivals and maintained his advantage.[12]

The event's twentieth stage saw Chioccioli and Chiappucci attack Indurain several times.[3][33] Chioccioli won the stage and was the first over most of the categorized climbs on the stage, but Indurain finished with the same time.[3][33] The penultimate stage resulted in a field sprint that was won by Cipollini for his fourth victory of this edition.[34] The final stage of the race was a 66 km (41.0 mi) individual time trial.[35] Race leader Indurain won the stage by two minutes and forty-six seconds over the second-place finisher on the stage, thereby sealing his overall victory.[35][36][37]

Five riders achieved multiple stage victories: Cipollini (stages 5, 8, 17, and 21),[22][34][38][39] Bontempi (stages 7 and 9),[20][23] Leoni (stages 2 and 12),[14][40] Vona (stages 6 and 13),[41][42] and Indurain (stages 4 and 22).[17][35] Stage wins were achieved by eleven of the twenty competing squads, six of which won multiple stages. GB-MG Maglificio collected a total of seven stage wins through three riders, Cipollini, Vona, and Chioccioli (stage 20).[43] Carrera Jeans-Vagabond amassed a total of two stage victories through Bontempi. Jolly Componibili-Club 88 achieved the same feat through Leoni. Castorama earned two stage wins through Marie (stage 1)[13] and Simon (stage 15).[30] Ariostea gained two stage victories through Furlan (stage 14)[44] and Saligari (stage 16).[45] Banesto collected two stage success through Indurain. Motorola, Postobon-Manzana-Ryalcao, Lotus-Festina, Gatorade-Chateau d'Ax, and Team Telekom all won a single stage at the Giro, the first through Sciandri (stage 3),[46] the second through Herrera (stage 10),[47] the third with Pagnin (stage 11),[26] the fourth with Giovannetti (stage 18),[48] and the fifth through Bölts (stage 19).[49]

Classification leadership

Five different jerseys were worn during the 1992 Giro d'Italia. The leader of the general classification – calculated by adding the stage finish times of each rider, and allowing time bonuses for the first three finishers on mass-start stages – wore a pink jersey. This classification is the most important of the race, and its winner is considered as the winner of the Giro.[50]

A picture of a mountain.
The Pordoi Pass was the Cima Coppi for the 1992 running of the Giro d'Italia.

For the points classification, which awarded a purple (or cyclamen) jersey to its leader, cyclists were given points for finishing a stage in the top 15; additional points could also be won in intermediate sprints. The green jersey was awarded to the mountains classification leader. In this ranking, points were won by reaching the summit of a climb ahead of other cyclists. Each climb was ranked as either first, second or third category, with more points available for higher category climbs. The Cima Coppi, the race's highest point of elevation, awarded more points than the other first category climbs.[50] The Cima Coppi for this Giro was the Passo Pordoi.[1] The first rider to cross the Pordoi Pass was Italian Claudio Chiappucci. The white jersey was worn by the leader of young rider classification, a ranking decided the same way as the general classification, but only riders born after 1 January 1968 were eligible for it.[50]

The intergiro classification was marked by a blue jersey.[50] The calculation for the intergiro is similar to that of the general classification, in each stage there is a midway point that the riders pass through a point and where their time is stopped. As the race goes on, their times compiled and the person with the lowest time is the leader of the intergiro classification and wears the blue jersey.[50] Although no jersey was awarded, there was also one classification for the teams, in which the stage finish times of the best three cyclists per team were added; the leading team was the one with the lowest total time.[50]

The rows in the following table correspond to the jerseys awarded after that stage was run.

Classification leadership by stage
Stage Winner General classification
 Points classification
 Mountains classification
 Young rider classification
 Intergiro classification
 Team classification
1 Thierry Marie Thierry Marie Thierry Marie not awarded Julio César Ortegón Miguel Indurain Castorama
2 Endrio Leoni Mario Cipollini Germano Pierdomenico Stefano Zanini
3 Maximilian Sciandri Miguel Indurain Maximilian Sciandri Yvon Ledanois Adriano Baffi Banesto
4 Miguel Indurain Miguel Indurain Miguel Indurain Armand de Las Cuevas Miguel Indurain
5 Mario Cipollini
6 Franco Vona Roberto Conti Ariostea
7 Guido Bontempi
8 Mario Cipollini Mario Cipollini
9 Guido Bontempi
10 Luis Herrera Leonardo Sierra Gatorade
11 Roberto Pagnin
12 Endrio Leoni GB–MG Maglificio
13 Franco Vona
14 Giorgio Furlan
15 François Simon Ariostea
16 Marco Saligari Claudio Chiappucci
17 Mario Cipollini
18 Marco Giovannetti Pavel Tonkov
19 Udo Bölts GB–MG Maglificio
20 Franco Chioccioli
21 Mario Cipollini
22 Miguel Indurain
Final Miguel Indurain Mario Cipollini Claudio Chiappucci Pavel Tonkov Miguel Indurain GB–MG Maglificio

Final standings

Legend
  A pink jersey   Denotes the winner of the General classification[3]   A green jersey   Denotes the winner of the Mountains classification[3]
  A purple jersey   Denotes the winner of the Points classification[3]   A white jersey   Denotes the winner of the Young rider classification[3]
  A blue jersey   Denotes the winner of the Intergiro classification[51]

General classification

Final general classification (1–10)[51]
Rank Name Team Time
1  Miguel Indurain (ESP) Pink jerseyA blue jersey Banesto 103h 36' 08"
2  Claudio Chiappucci (ITA) A green jersey Carrera Jeans–Vagabond + 5' 12"
3  Franco Chioccioli (ITA) GB–MG Maglificio + 7' 16"
4  Marco Giovannetti (ITA) Gatorade–Chateau d'Ax + 8' 01"
5  Andrew Hampsten (USA) Motorola + 11' 12"
6  Franco Vona (ITA) GB–MG Maglificio + 11' 12"
7  Pavel Tonkov (RUS) A white jersey Lampre–Colnago + 17' 15"
8  Luis Herrera (COL) Ryalco-Postobón + 17' 53"
9  Roberto Conti (ITA) Ariostea + 19' 14"
10  Bruno Cornillet (FRA) Z + 20' 03"

Points classification

Final points classification (1–5)[3]
Rider Team Points
1  Mario Cipollini (ITA) purple jersey GB–MG Maglificio 236
2  Miguel Indurain (ESP) Pink jerseyA blue jersey Banesto 208
3  Maximilian Sciandri (ITA) Motorola 177
4  Claudio Chiappucci (ITA) A green jersey Carrera Jeans–Vagabond 171
5  Franco Chioccioli (ITA) GB–MG Maglificio 148

Mountains classification

Final mountains classification (1–5)[3]
Rider Team Points
1  Claudio Chiappucci (ITA) A green jersey Carrera Jeans–Vagabond 76
2  Roberto Conti (ITA) Ariostea 45
3  Miguel Indurain (ESP) Pink jerseyA blue jersey Banesto 35
4  Giorgio Furlan (ITA) Ariostea 31
5  Giuseppe Calcaterra (ITA) Amore & Vita-Fanini 23

Young rider classification

Final young rider's classification (1–5)[3]
Rider Team Time
1  Pavel Tonkov (RUS) A white jersey Lampre–Colnago 103h 53' 23"
2  Ivan Gotti (ITA) Gatorade–Chateau d'Ax + 44' 21"
3  Armand de las Cuevas (ESP) Banesto + 1h 31' 43"
4  Davide Perona (ITA) ZG Mobili-Fonti Sant'Antonio + 1h 56' 14"
5  Ruben Marin (COL) Ryalco-Postobón + 2h 10' 41"

Intergiro classification

Final intergiro classification (1-3)[51]
Rider Team Time
1  Miguel Indurain (ESP) A blue jerseyPink jersey Banesto 57h 38' 08"
2  Claudio Chiappucci (ITA) A green jersey Carrera Jeans–Vagabond + 2' 03"
3  Laurent Bezault (FRA) Z + 2' 08"

Team classification

Final team classification (1–5)[3]
Team Time
1 GB–MG Maglificio 311h 31' 55"
2 Ariostea + 22' 34"
Gatorade–Chateau d'Ax
4 Mercatone Uno–Medeghini–Zucchini + 52' 13"
5 Banesto + 56' 15"

Aftermath

Miguel Indurain entered the Tour de France in July as the favorite to win the race.[3] He would go onto win the race after taking the lead upon the finish of the thirteenth stage.[52] By winning the Tour, he became the sixth rider to complete the Giro - Tour double in history.[52][53][54] Indurain would go on to repeat this feat again the following calendar year.[53][54]

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 "Indurain, favorito de un Giro selectivo y equilibrado que comienza hoy en Génova" [Indurain, favorite selective and balanced Giro which starts today in Genoa]. El País (in Spanish) (Ediciones El País). 24 May 1992. Archived from the original on 24 December 2014. Retrieved 27 May 2012.
  2. 1 2 3 4 F. Recuero (24 May 1992). "El Giro '92 comenca, avui amb el tracat mes dur dels ultims anys" [The '92 Giro begins today with the stroke harder in recent years] (PDF). Avui (in Catalan) (Hermes Comunicacions S.A.). p. 41. Retrieved 27 May 2012. |archive-url= is malformed: save command (help)
  3. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 Bill and Carol McGann. "1992 Giro d'Italia". Bike Race Info. Dog Ear Publishing. Archived from the original on 18 June 2014. Retrieved 16 April 2013.
  4. 1 2 "Giro d'Italia" [Tour of Italy] (PDF). El Mundo Deportivo (in Spanish) (El Mundo Deportivo S.A.). 22 May 1992. p. 49. Archived from the original on 18 June 2014. Retrieved 27 May 2012.
  5. 1 2 "Miguel Indurain vol ser el primer espanyol a guanyar el Giro d'Italia" [Miguel Indurain wants to be the first Spaniard to win the Giro d'Italia] (PDF). Diari de Girona (in Catalan) (Diari de Girona Media, S.L.). 24 May 1992. p. 32. Archived (PDF) from the original on 25 December 2014. Retrieved 27 May 2012.
  6. ↑ Dario Ceccarelli (24 May 1992). "Ciak, via a ruota libera" [Ciak, via a freewheel] (PDF). l'Unità (in Italian) (PCI). p. 30. Archived (PDF) from the original on 25 December 2014. Retrieved 27 May 2012.
  7. ↑ "El Giro-92, bodas de platino" [The Giro-92, platinum wedding] (PDF). El Mundo Deportivo (in Spanish) (El Mundo Deportivo S.A.). 1 December 1991. p. 45. Archived from the original on 18 June 2014. Retrieved 27 May 2012.
  8. ↑ "La singular historia de A. de las Cuevas" [The unique history of A. de las Cuevas] (PDF). El Mundo Deportivo (in Spanish) (El Mundo Deportivo S.A.). 2 June 1992. p. 32. Archived from the original on 18 June 2014. Retrieved 27 May 2012.
  9. ↑ "Ha sido una etapa especial y difícil" [It was a special and difficult phase] (PDF). El Mundo Deportivo (in Spanish) (El Mundo Deportivo S.A.). 6 June 1992. p. 37. Archived from the original on 18 June 2014. Retrieved 27 May 2012.
  10. 1 2 "Un respiro para Miguel Indurain" [A respite for Miguel Indurain] (PDF). El Mundo Deportivo (in Spanish) (El Mundo Deportivo S.A.). 10 June 1992. p. 30. Archived from the original on 18 June 2014. Retrieved 27 May 2012.
  11. ↑ "Indurain: "Cada vez me atacan menos"" [Indurain: "Every time I attack less"] (PDF). El Mundo Deportivo (in Spanish) (El Mundo Deportivo S.A.). 11 June 1992. p. 35. Archived from the original on 18 June 2014. Retrieved 27 May 2012.
  12. 1 2 3 Paolo Viberti (12 June 1992). "Los ataques italianos chocan contra el Banesto" [The Italians attacks strike the Banesto]. El País (in Spanish) (Ediciones El País). Archived from the original on 2 January 2015. Retrieved 27 May 2012.
  13. 1 2 "Indurain ya acaricia la 'maglia rosa'" [Indurain and caresses the 'maglia rosa'] (PDF). El Mundo Deportivo (in Spanish) (El Mundo Deportivo S.A.). 25 May 1992. p. 41. Archived (PDF) from the original on 24 December 2014. Retrieved 27 May 2012.
  14. 1 2 "Indurain, en el anonimato del pelotón" [Indurain, in the anonymity of the peloton] (PDF). El Mundo Deportivo (in Spanish) (El Mundo Deportivo S.A.). 26 May 1992. p. 38. Archived (PDF) from the original on 24 December 2014. Retrieved 27 May 2012.
  15. ↑ Paolo Viberti (26 May 1992). "Induráin crea un conflicto por sus quejas contra el helicóptero de la RAI" [Indurain creates a conflict for their complaints against the RAI helicopter]. El País (in Spanish) (Ediciones El País). Archived from the original on 24 December 2014. Retrieved 27 May 2012.
  16. 1 2 3 Paolo Viberti (27 May 1992). "Induráin conquista el Iiderato del Giro" [Indurain wins the Giro Iiderato]. El País (in Spanish) (Ediciones El País). Archived from the original on 24 December 2014. Retrieved 27 May 2012.
  17. 1 2 "Echavarri, feliz de alejar a los rivales" [Echavarri, happy to ward off rivals] (PDF). El Mundo Deportivo (in Spanish) (El Mundo Deportivo S.A.). 28 May 1992. p. 4. Archived (PDF) from the original on 24 December 2014. Retrieved 27 May 2012.
  18. ↑ Paolo Viberti (28 May 1992). "Induráin distancia a todos sus rivales en el Giro con un golpe de mano en la contrarreloj" [Indurain away all rivals in the Giro with a coup de main in the time trial]. El País (in Spanish) (Ediciones El País). Archived from the original on 24 December 2014. Retrieved 27 May 2012.
  19. 1 2 3 4 Paolo Viberti (30 May 1992). "Induráin respondió en la primera etapa de montaña" [Indurain said in the first mountain stage]. El País (in Spanish) (Ediciones El País). Archived from the original on 24 December 2014. Retrieved 27 May 2012.
  20. 1 2 "Chiappucci: "Atacar en cada etapa"" [Chiappucci: "Attack at every stage"] (PDF). El Mundo Deportivo (in Spanish) (El Mundo Deportivo S.A.). 31 May 1992. p. 43. Archived (PDF) from the original on 24 December 2014. Retrieved 27 May 2012.
  21. ↑ Paolo Viberti (31 May 1992). "Induráin vuelve a mostrar su dominio de la carrera" [Indurain again shows his mastery of the race]. El País (in Spanish) (Ediciones El País). Archived from the original on 17 August 2014. Retrieved 27 May 2012.
  22. 1 2 "Miguel Indurain, 'salvado' por el jurado" [Miguel Indurain, 'saved' by the jury] (PDF). El Mundo Deportivo (in Spanish) (El Mundo Deportivo S.A.). 1 June 1992. p. 44. Archived (PDF) from the original on 24 December 2014. Retrieved 27 May 2012.
  23. 1 2 "Con Bontempi hacia la montaña" [With Bontempi towards the mountain] (PDF). El Mundo Deportivo (in Spanish) (El Mundo Deportivo S.A.). 2 June 1992. p. 31. Archived (PDF) from the original on 24 December 2014. Retrieved 27 May 2012.
  24. 1 2 3 Paolo Viberti (3 June 1992). "Induráin superó con éxito el Terminillo" [Indurain successfully passed the Terminillo]. El País (in Spanish) (Ediciones El País). Archived from the original on 24 December 2014. Retrieved 27 May 2012.
  25. 1 2 3 Paolo Viberti (4 June 1992). "Un ataque de Chioccioli reactivó el Giro" [An attack of Chioccioli reactivated the Giro]. El País (in Spanish) (Ediciones El País). Archived from the original on 24 December 2014. Retrieved 27 May 2012.
  26. 1 2 "Franco Chioccioli suelta su rabia" [Franco Chioccioli release his anger] (PDF). El Mundo Deportivo (in Spanish) (El Mundo Deportivo S.A.). 4 June 1992. p. 37. Archived (PDF) from the original on 24 December 2014. Retrieved 27 May 2012.
  27. 1 2 Paolo Viberti (5 June 1992). "Induráin arranca unos segundos a sus rivales" [Indurain starts a few seconds to rivals]. El País (in Spanish) (Ediciones El País). Archived from the original on 24 December 2014. Retrieved 27 May 2012.
  28. 1 2 Paolo Viberti (6 June 1992). "Induráin volvió a sumar segundos en la primera etapa de los Dolomitas" [Indurain again add seconds in the first stage of the Dolomites]. El País (in Spanish) (Ediciones El País). Archived from the original on 24 December 2014. Retrieved 27 May 2012.
  29. 1 2 3 Paolo Viberti (7 June 1992). "Induráin no transige en la etapa más montañosa" [Indurain not compromise on the most mountainous stage]. El País (in Spanish) (Ediciones El País). Archived from the original on 1 September 2014. Retrieved 27 May 2012.
  30. 1 2 3 "Los ataques de la rabia" [Attacks of rage] (PDF). El Mundo Deportivo (in Spanish) (El Mundo Deportivo S.A.). 8 June 1992. p. 45. Archived (PDF) from the original on 24 December 2014. Retrieved 27 May 2012.
  31. ↑ Paolo Viberti (9 June 1992). "Induráin vuelve a distanciar la rivales antes de los Alpes" [Indurain returns to distance the rivals before the Alps]. El País (in Spanish) (Ediciones El País). Archived from the original on 2 January 2015. Retrieved 27 May 2012.
  32. 1 2 3 Paolo Viberti (11 June 1992). "Giovannetti gana e Induráin se reserva" [Giovannetti Indurain wins and reserves]. El País (in Spanish) (Ediciones El País). Archived from the original on 2 January 2015. Retrieved 27 May 2012.
  33. 1 2 Paolo Viberti (13 June 1992). "Induráin deja el Giro visto para sentencia" [Indurain leaves the Giro for judgment]. El País (in Spanish) (Ediciones El País). Archived from the original on 2 January 2015. Retrieved 27 May 2012.
  34. 1 2 "92 kilómetros de paseo entre amigos" [92 kilometer walk with friends] (PDF). El Mundo Deportivo (in Spanish) (El Mundo Deportivo S.A.). 14 June 1992. p. 46. Archived (PDF) from the original on 24 December 2014. Retrieved 27 May 2012.
  35. 1 2 3 "Ciclista por la voluntad del Señor" [Cyclist by the Lord's] (PDF). El Mundo Deportivo (in Spanish) (El Mundo Deportivo S.A.). 15 June 1992. p. 6. Archived (PDF) from the original on 24 December 2014. Retrieved 27 May 2012.
  36. ↑ Carlos Arribas (15 June 1992). "¿Donde está el ministro?" [Where is the Minister?]. El País (in Spanish) (Ediciones El País). Archived from the original on 24 December 2014. Retrieved 27 May 2012.
  37. ↑ "Il conquistador rosa" [The pink conquistador] (PDF). l'Unità (in Italian) (PCI). 15 June 1992. p. 24. Archived (PDF) from the original on 14 July 2014. Retrieved 27 May 2012.
  38. ↑ "De Las Cuevas: "Lo primero es Miguel"" [De Las Cuevas: "Miguel is First"] (PDF). El Mundo Deportivo (in Spanish) (El Mundo Deportivo S.A.). 29 May 1992. p. 26. Archived (PDF) from the original on 24 December 2014. Retrieved 27 May 2012.
  39. ↑ "Un respiro para Miguel Indurain" [A respite for Miguel Indurain] (PDF). El Mundo Deportivo (in Spanish) (El Mundo Deportivo S.A.). 10 June 1992. p. 30. Archived (PDF) from the original on 24 December 2014. Retrieved 27 May 2012.
  40. ↑ "Las caídas, siempre en primer plano" [Falls, always in the foreground] (PDF). El Mundo Deportivo (in Spanish) (El Mundo Deportivo S.A.). 5 June 1992. p. 27. Archived (PDF) from the original on 24 December 2014. Retrieved 27 May 2012.
  41. ↑ "La alianza, una tontería" [The alliance, silly] (PDF). El Mundo Deportivo (in Spanish) (El Mundo Deportivo S.A.). 30 May 1992. p. 32. Archived (PDF) from the original on 24 December 2014. Retrieved 27 May 2012.
  42. ↑ "Indurain sigue firme hacia su objetivo" [Indurain remains steadfast toward your goal] (PDF). El Mundo Deportivo (in Spanish) (El Mundo Deportivo S.A.). 6 June 1992. p. 35. Archived (PDF) from the original on 24 December 2014. Retrieved 27 May 2012.
  43. ↑ "Ya solo falta rubricar" [Now we just need rubricar] (PDF). El Mundo Deportivo (in Spanish) (El Mundo Deportivo S.A.). 13 June 1992. p. 2. Archived (PDF) from the original on 24 December 2014. Retrieved 27 May 2012.
  44. ↑ "Indurain supera los Dolomitas" [Indurain exceeds the Dolomites] (PDF). El Mundo Deportivo (in Spanish) (El Mundo Deportivo S.A.). 7 June 1992. p. 44. Archived (PDF) from the original on 24 December 2014. Retrieved 27 May 2012.
  45. ↑ "Indurain se desmarca de Giovannetti" [Indurain is distinguished from Giovannetti] (PDF). El Mundo Deportivo (in Spanish) (El Mundo Deportivo S.A.). 9 June 1992. p. 30. Archived (PDF) from the original on 24 December 2014. Retrieved 27 May 2012.
  46. ↑ "Un día antes de lo esperado" [A day earlier than expected] (PDF). El Mundo Deportivo (in Spanish) (El Mundo Deportivo S.A.). 27 May 1992. p. 3. Archived (PDF) from the original on 24 December 2014. Retrieved 27 May 2012.
  47. ↑ "Indurain, sensacional en el Terminillo" [Indurain, sensational in Terminillo] (PDF). El Mundo Deportivo (in Spanish) (El Mundo Deportivo S.A.). 3 June 1992. p. 33. Archived (PDF) from the original on 24 December 2014. Retrieved 27 May 2012.
  48. ↑ "Indurain se bonifica en el Monviso" [Indurain was subsidizes the Monviso] (PDF). El Mundo Deportivo (in Spanish) (El Mundo Deportivo S.A.). 11 June 1992. p. 34. Archived (PDF) from the original on 24 December 2014. Retrieved 27 May 2012.
  49. ↑ "Demasiado Indurain para los pobres ataques italianos" [Too Indurain for the poor Italians attacks] (PDF). El Mundo Deportivo (in Spanish) (El Mundo Deportivo S.A.). 12 June 1992. p. 2. Archived (PDF) from the original on 24 December 2014. Retrieved 27 May 2012.
  50. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Laura Weislo (13 May 2008). "Giro d'Italia classifications demystified". Cycling News. Future Publishing Limited. Archived from the original on 17 June 2014. Retrieved 13 July 2013.
  51. 1 2 3 "Indurain acaba el Giro 92 amb un recital" [Indurain 92 Giro ends with a recital] (PDF). Diari de Girona (in Catalan) (Diari de Girona Media, S.L.). 16 June 1992. p. 16. Retrieved 27 May 2012. |archive-url= is malformed: save command (help)
  52. 1 2 Bill and Carol McGann. "1992 Tour de France". Bike Race Info. Dog Ear Publishing. Archived from the original on 2 January 2015. Retrieved 16 April 2013.
  53. 1 2 Bill and Carol McGann. "1993 Giro d'Italia". Bike Race Info. Dog Ear Publishing. Archived from the original on 18 June 2014. Retrieved 16 April 2013.
  54. 1 2 Andrew Hood (13 May 2013). "The Giro-Tour double: Cycling’s elusive feat". VeloNews (Competitor Group, Inc). Archived from the original on 18 June 2014. Retrieved 23 June 2013.
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