1995 municipal annexation in South Korea

The 1995 municipal annexation in South Korea was an administrative event in which many cities and counties joined together into "urbal-rural integrated"(도농복합시) cities (i.e. city-county consolidation) as of 1 January 1995. Some of the annexation were done later as of 10 May 1995. Some of the counties were annexed to certain metropolitan cities(광역시) as of 1 March 2015.

The purpose of this annexation plan was to resolve certain problems related to municipal government; for instance, discord between administrative districts and life spheres. The relevant municipalities had the same history in that they once belonged to the same county or municipality before the central town of the country was separated as an city.

However, cities separated from old counties of Gwangju(in Gyeonggi Province), Suwon(Hwaseong), Siheung and Bucheon, in the suburbs of Seoul, were not considered for such annexation. For Daejeon, Busan and Gwangju(in Honam area), the remnant counties(Daedeok to Daejeon, Dongnae to Busan, and Gwangsan to Gwangju) were already annexed to the relevant metropolitan cities. Annexation of Ganghwa County to Incheon was not related to Incheon's historical background, but rather a political scheme to expand Incheon in size.

In fact, many of the relevant municipalities before the annexation were formed after the Great municipal annexation in 1914 as the Japanese colonial government and later the South Korean government had implemented a policy to separate urban areas into cities from existing counties.

List of cities and counties joined into "urban-rural integrated" cities in 1995

Note: The names of former cities and counties before the 1995 annexation are complied with the old standard Romanisation, or McCune–Reischauer Romanisation. The names of the current "integrated" cities are complied with the current Revised Standard Romanisation (effective as of 2000). The names of some former counties that were not existent at the time of the annexation in 1995 are also complied with the current Romanisation. Cities that are not specified as "metropolitan city" are all "municipal" cities.

Gyeonggi area

Guri City and Namyangju City have not yet merged.[1]
Yangju City and Dongducheon City have not yet merged until now, but there is a "grass-root" consolidation movement for "consolidated" Yangju City in Yangju, Uijeongbu and Dongducheon areas today.

Not considered for annexation

Cities separated from old counties of Kwangju(in Gyeonggi Province), Suwon(Hwasŏng), Siheung and Bucheon, in the suburbs of Seoul, were not considered for annexation. Some districts of Seoul that were annexed from such counties were not also considered for inter-municipal consolidation; rather, Yeongdeungpo and Gangnam areas were considered for independent municipal or metropolitan cities separated from Seoul at that time.

A merger of Seoul Metropolitan City and Koyang City was not considered since former townships of old Goyang County that were later annexed to Seoul from 1936 to 1949 were actually mostly former outer districts of old Seoul (i.e. Hanseong Prefecture) before 1914 and the government at the time of Year 1995 did not consider the prefectural expansion of Seoul but rather once seriously considered a division of Seoul into several municipal or metropolitan cities.

Gangwon area

Sokcho City and Yangyang County have not yet merged until now.

Chungcheong area

Cheongju City and Cheongwon County merged into 'consolidated' Cheongju City in 2014.

Honam area

Yŏsu City, Yŏsu County and Yŏch'ŏn County merged into 'consolidated' Yeosu City in 1998.
Jeonju City and Wanju County have not yet merged until now.
Mokpo City, Muan County and Sinan County have not yet merged until now.

Yeongnam area

Notes

  1. ↑ The initial annexation plan was to merge Kuri, Migŭm and Namyangju. In 2009, the central government proposed the consolidation of Guri and Namyangju, but it faced strong opposition by residents in Guri, some of whom urged the annexation to Seoul.
  2. ↑ Jinhae City and Masan City merged with Changwon City in 2010.
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