1 (New York City Subway service)

Broadway – Seventh Avenue Local
A train made of R62A cars in 1 service approaches 125th Street in Manhattan, bound for South Ferry.
Northern end	Van Cortlandt Park – 242nd Street
Southern end	South Ferry
Stations	38 (incl. Cortlandt Street)
Rolling stock	R62, R62A
Depot	240th Street Yard

The 1 Broadway – Seventh Avenue Local is a rapid transit service in the A Division of the New York City Subway. Its route emblem, or "bullet", is colored tomato red since it uses the IRT Broadway – Seventh Avenue Line for its entire route. The 1 operates local at all times between Van Cortlandt Park – 242nd Street in Riverdale, Bronx and South Ferry in Lower Manhattan.

History

R12 thru R36 end rollsign

1967–1979 bullet

1979–present bullet

When the first subway opened between 1904 and 1908, one of the main service patterns was the West Side Branch, which the modern 1 train uses. Trains ran from Lower Manhattan to Van Cortlandt Park via what is now the IRT Lexington Avenue Line, 42nd Street Shuttle, and IRT Broadway – Seventh Avenue Line. There was both local and express service with express trains using the express tracks south of 96th Street. Some express trains ran to Atlantic Avenue in Brooklyn via the Joralemon Street Tunnel during rush hours while all other trains turned around at City Hall or South Ferry.^[1][2][3]

On June 3, 1917, the first portion of the Broadway – Seventh Avenue Line south of Times Square – 42nd Street, a shuttle to 34th Street – Penn Station, opened; a separate shuttle service to 34th Street was placed into service.^[4] This shuttle was extended south to South Ferry, with a shorter shuttle on the Brooklyn branch between Chambers Street and Wall Street, on July 1, 1918.^[5] Finally, the new "H" system was implemented on August 1, 1918, joining the two halves of the Broadway–Seventh Avenue Line and sending all West Side trains south from Times Square.^[6]

As of 1934, 1 Express trains were running from 242nd Street to New Lots Avenue weekdays and Saturdays during the day, alternating to New Lots Avenue and Flatbush Avenue evenings and Sunday afternoons, and were split at Brooklyn Museum on Sunday morning with the south half going to New Lots Avenue and the north half to Flatbush Avenue. Late night service was not operated. 1 Local trains ran from 137th Street (Dyckman Street during weekday peak periods) to South Ferry during the day and evening, and 242nd Street to alternately New Lots Avenue and Flatbush Avenue late nights.

On September 5, 1937, the practice of splitting Sunday morning trains at Brooklyn Museum was ended, with the alternate trains going to New Lots Avenue or Flatbush Avenue.

As of July 1, 1938, all evening and Sunday trains were routed to New Lots Avenue.

By 1945, 1 Local peak period trains were cut back from Dyckman Street to 137th Street.

Beginning on May 10, 1946, 1 Brooklyn trains were made express during late nights running on 12 minute headways. Previously 1 trains ran local between 2 A.M. and 5:30 A.M. 1 trains alternated between Flatbush Avenue and New Lots Avenue.^[7] On December 20, 1946, all late night trains were routed to Flatbush Avenue. Sunday service still alternated to Flatbush Avenue and New Lots Avenue. On June 12, 1949, 137th Street to South Ferry Sunday locals were discontinued, but was resumed March 5, 1950, at which time Sunday service was also rerouted to New Lots Avenue. On March 15, 1954, weekend 137th Street to South Ferry locals were discontinued,^[8] and simultaneously weekend Brooklyn trains were rerouted to Flatbush Avenue.

An attempt was made to extend express service further north on January 4, 1955, when alternate rush trains were rerouted via the middle express track between 137th Street and 96th Street in the peak direction. This proved unsuccessful, and ended on June 28, 1956. Meanwhile, in Brooklyn, weekday trains were rerouted to Flatbush Avenue on December 20, 1957, and evening 137th Street to South Ferry locals were discontinued on May 23, 1958.

Under the new February 6, 1959, schedule, 1 trains ran between 242nd Street and South Ferry all times. Most trains made all stops, but alternate weekday rush trains ran express making no stops except 168th Street between Dyckman Street and 137th Street in the direction of heavy traffic. PM rush local/express service was discontinued on February 2, 1959, but morning rush express service was revised on January 8, 1962, to making no stops between 225th Street and Dyckman Street and 168th Street to 137th Street. This express service was discontinued on May 24, 1976.

On August 21, 1989, the 1/9 weekday skip-stop service started. The plan was to originally have skip-stop service operate north of 116th Street – Columbia University, but due to criticism, most notably that riders did not want 125th Street to be a skip-stop station, skip-stop service operated north of 137th Street – City College between the hours of 6:30 am and 7:00 pm. 1 trains skipped Marble Hill – 225th, 207th, 191st and 145th Streets while 9 trains skipped 238th, 215th, Dyckman and 157th Streets.^{[9][10][11][11]} On September 4, 1994, midday skip-stop service was discontinued,^[12] and 191st Street was no longer a skip-stop station.

After September 11, 2001, 1 trains had to be rerouted since the IRT Broadway – Seventh Avenue Line ran directly under the World Trade Center site and was heavily damaged in the collapse of the Twin Towers. It ran only between 242nd Street and 14th Street, making local stops north of and express stops south of 96th Street. The skip-stop service with the 9 train was suspended. On September 19, after a few switching delays at 96th Street, service was changed. 1 trains made all stops from 242nd Street to New Lots Avenue via the Clark Street Tunnel and IRT Eastern Parkway Line, to replace 3 trains (which terminated at 14th Street) at all times except late nights, when it terminated at Chambers Street in Manhattan instead. On September 15, 2002, 1 trains returned to South Ferry and 9 skip-stop service was restored, but Cortlandt Street, which was directly underneath the World Trade Center and dismantled as part of the clean-up, will remain closed until further notice.^[13]

On May 27, 2005, the 9 train was discontinued; 1 trains now made all stops.^[12] The skip-stop service made less sense by 2005 because of the increased number of trains being run and the higher ridership at the bypassed stations; the MTA estimated that eliminating skip-stop service only added 2¹⁄₂ to 3 minutes of travel time (for passengers at the northernmost stations at 242nd Street and 238th Street) but many passengers would see trains frequencies double, resulting in decreased overall travel time (because of less time waiting for trains).^[14]

On March 16, 2009, the new South Ferry station opened, replacing the original loop station.^[15] However, 1 service was affected by Hurricane Sandy in October 2012, following serious flood damage at South Ferry. Rector Street served as a temporary terminal until April 4, 2013,^[16] when the 1 returned to the reopened loop station, also serving as a temporary terminal.^[17]

Route

Service pattern

The 1 uses the following lines with the same service pattern at all times.

Line	From	To	Tracks
IRT Broadway – Seventh Avenue Line	Van Cortlandt Park – 242nd Street	South Ferry	local

Stations

The 1 operates local along the entire IRT Broadway – Seventh Avenue Line, which includes crossing the Broadway Bridge between Marble HIll and Inwood, Manhattan and several portions north of 96th Street where an unused center track is present.

Station service legend
	Stops all times
	Stops all times except late nights
	Stops late nights only
	Stops weekdays only
	Stops weekdays in the peak direction only
	Station closed
Time period details

	Stations		Subway transfers	Connections and notes
The Bronx
Broadway – Seventh Avenue Line
	Van Cortlandt Park – 242nd Street
	238th Street			242nd Street-bound platform is exit-only; northern terminal for some morning rush hour trains
	231st Street
Manhattan
	Marble Hill – 225th Street			Metro-North Hudson Line at Marble Hill
	215th Street
	207th Street			Bx12 Select Bus Service
	Dyckman Street			Station is ADA-accessible in the southbound direction only.
	191st Street
	181st Street			George Washington Bridge Bus Terminal
	168th Street		A  C  (IND Eighth Avenue Line)	Northern terminal for some afternoon rush hour trains
	157th Street
	145th Street
	137th Street – City College			Northern terminal for some rush hour trains
	125th Street
	116th Street – Columbia University			M60 Select Bus Service to LaGuardia Airport
	Cathedral Parkway – 110th Street
	103rd Street
	96th Street		2  3
	86th Street		2	M86 Select Bus Service
	79th Street		2
	72nd Street		2  3
	66th Street – Lincoln Center		2
	59th Street – Columbus Circle		2  A  B  C  D  (IND Eighth Avenue Line)
	50th Street		2
	Times Square – 42nd Street		2  3  7  <7> (IRT Flushing Line) A  C  E  (IND Eighth Avenue Line at 42nd Street – Port Authority Bus Terminal) N  Q  R  (BMT Broadway Line) S  (42nd Street Shuttle)	Port Authority Bus Terminal
	34th Street – Penn Station		2  3	M34 / M34A Select Bus Service Amtrak, LIRR, and NJ Transit at Pennsylvania Station
	28th Street		2
	23rd Street		2
	18th Street		2
	14th Street		2  3  F  M  (IND Sixth Avenue Line at 14th Street) L  (BMT Canarsie Line at Sixth Avenue)	PATH at 14th Street
	Christopher Street – Sheridan Square		2	PATH at Christopher Street
	Houston Street		2
	Canal Street		2
	Franklin Street		2
	Chambers Street		2  3
Manhattan Branch
	Cortlandt Street			Closed due to heavy damage sustained from the September 11 attacks; expected to open when rehabilitation project is complete in 2018
	Rector Street
Services to South Ferry loops and South Ferry – Whitehall Street split
Service to the old South Ferry station
	South Ferry		N  R  (BMT Broadway Line)	M15 Select Bus Service Staten Island Ferry at Whitehall Terminal Note: Being used as a temporary station.
Service to the new South Ferry station
	South Ferry			Closed due to damage sustained during Hurricane Sandy, scheduled to reopen in 2017.

References

1. Commerce and Industry Association of New York, Pocket Guide to New York, 1906, pp. 19–26
2. The New York Times, Bronx to Montauk; One Change of Cars, April 30, 1908, page 4
3. Brooklyn Daily Eagle Almanac, 1916
4. The New York Times, Three New Links of the Dual Subway System Opened, June 3, 1917, page 33
5. The New York Times, Open New Subway to Regular Traffic, July 2, 1918, page 11
6. The New York Times, Open New Subway Lines to Traffic, August 2, 1918, page 1
7. "24-Hour Express Service on IRT To Become Effective at Midnight". New York Times. May 9, 1946. Retrieved February 21, 2016.
8. "I. R. T. SERVICE REDUCED; Week-End Changes Made on West Side Local, Flushing Lines". New York Times. April 3, 1954. Retrieved February 20, 2016.
9. "Announcing 1 and 9 skip-stop service on the Broadway-Seventh Avenue Line" (PDF). The Subway Nut. Archived from the original on August 5, 2009. Retrieved August 1, 2009.
10. "The New York City Transit Authority in the 1980s". nycsubway.org. Archived from the original on 4 May 2007. Retrieved 12 May 2007.
11. http://www.nytimes.com/1989/06/04/nyregion/skip-stop-subway-plan-annoys-no-1-riders.html
12. Chan, Sewell (January 12, 2005). "MTA Proposes Dropping No. 9 Train". The New York Times. Retrieved April 18, 2010.
13. Lueck, Thomas J. (September 15, 2002). "Old Service, Old Stops Restored on West Side". The New York Times. Retrieved April 18, 2010.
14. http://www.nytimes.com/2005/05/25/nyregion/25train.html?_r=0
15. MTA Opens New South Ferry Station Retrieved April 13, 2010
16. Restoring South Ferry Station Retrieved December 25, 2012
17. South Ferry Loops Opened April 2013 Retrieved March 05, 2013

External links

• MTA NYC Transit – 1 Broadway – Seventh Avenue Local
• "1 Subway Timetable, Effective December 6, 2015" (PDF). New York Metropolitan Transportation Authority. Retrieved 2016-03-07.