2-methylcitrate synthase

The 3 substrates of this enzyme are propanoyl-CoA, H₂O, and oxaloacetate, whereas its two products are (2R,3S)-2-hydroxybutane-1,2,3-tricarboxylate and CoA.

This enzyme belongs to the family of transferases, specifically those acyltransferases that convert acyl groups into alkyl groups on transfer. The systematic name of this enzyme class is propanoyl-CoA:oxaloacetate C-propanoyltransferase (thioester-hydrolysing, 1-carboxyethyl-forming). Other names in common use include 2-methylcitrate oxaloacetate-lyase, MCS, methylcitrate synthase, and methylcitrate synthetase. This enzyme participates in propanoate metabolism.

References

Uchiyama H and Tabuchi T (1976). "Properties of methylcitrate synthase from Candida lipolytica". Agric. Biol. Chem. 40: 1411–1418. doi:10.1271/bbb1961.40.1411.
Buckel W; Wendisch, VF; De Graaf, AA; Müller, U; Linder, MI; Linder, D; Buckel, W (1997). "Propionate oxidation in Escherichia coli: evidence for operation of a methylcitrate cycle in bacteria". Arch. Microbiol. 168 (5): 428–36. doi:10.1007/s002030050518. PMID 9325432.
Horswill AR, Escalante-Semerena JC (1999). "Salmonella typhimurium LT2 catabolizes propionate via the 2-methylcitric acid cycle". J. Bacteriol. 181 (18): 5615–23. PMC 94080. PMID 10482501.
Wadman SK; Mienie, LJ; Erasmus, E; De Wet, WJ; Ketting, D; Duran, M; Wadman, SK (1994). "Identification of the stereoisomeric configurations of methylcitric acid produced by si-citrate synthase and methylcitrate synthase using capillary gas chromatography-mass spectrometry". J. Inherit. Metab. Dis. 17 (6): 738–47. doi:10.1007/BF00712017. PMID 7707698.

Transferases: acyltransferases (EC 2.3)

2.3.1: other than amino-acyl groups	acetyltransferases: Acetyl-Coenzyme A acetyltransferase N-Acetylglutamate synthase Choline acetyltransferase Dihydrolipoyl transacetylase Acetyl-CoA C-acyltransferase Beta-galactoside transacetylase Chloramphenicol acetyltransferase N-acetyltransferase Serotonin N-acetyl transferase HGSNAT ARD1A Histone acetyltransferase P300/CBP NAT2 palmitoyltransferases: Carnitine O-palmitoyltransferase CPT1 CPT2 Serine C-palmitoyltransferase SPTLC1 SPTLC2 other: Acyltransferase like 2 Aminolevulinic acid synthase Beta-ketoacyl-ACP synthase Glyceronephosphate O-acyltransferase Lecithin—cholesterol acyltransferase Glycerol-3-phosphate O-acyltransferase 1-acylglycerol-3-phosphate O-acyltransferase 2-acylglycerol-3-phosphate O-acyltransferase ABHD5

2.3.2: Aminoacyltransferases	Gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase Peptidyl transferase Transglutaminase Tissue transglutaminase Keratinocyte transglutaminase Factor XIII

2.3.3: converted into alkyl on transfer	Citrate synthase ATP citrate lyase HMG-CoA synthase Malate synthase

Enzymes

Activity	Active site Binding site Catalytic triad Oxyanion hole Enzyme promiscuity Catalytically perfect enzyme Coenzyme Cofactor Enzyme catalysis Enzyme kinetics Lineweaver–Burk plot Michaelis–Menten kinetics

Regulation	Allosteric regulation Cooperativity Enzyme inhibitor

Classification	EC number Enzyme superfamily Enzyme family List of enzymes

Types	EC1 Oxidoreductases(list) EC2 Transferases(list) EC3 Hydrolases(list) EC4 Lyases(list) EC5 Isomerases(list) EC6 Ligases(list)

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