Two-wire circuit

In telecommunication, a two-wire circuit is characterized by supporting transmission in two directions simultaneously, as opposed to four-wire circuits, which have separate pairs for transmit and receive. In either case they are twisted pairs. Telephone lines are almost all two wire, while trunks and switching are almost entirely four wire. To communicate in both directions in the same wire pair, conversion between four-wire and two-wire is necessary, both at the telephone and at the central office. A hybrid coil accomplishes the conversion for both. At the central office, it is part of a four-wire terminating set, more often as part of a line card.

Two wire impedance standards

Because the same twisted pair carries telephone signals in both directions, echo is often a problem on these circuits. Echo is avoided by ensuring matching impedance at both ends of the circuit. Different countries have different standards for telephone impedance.

Country Termination Nickname Summary Reference
Australia TN12 220Ω + ( 820Ω || 120 nF ) AS/ACIF S002[1]
Canada 600Ω 600Ω CS-03 Part I [2]
European Union CTR21* 270Ω + ( 750Ω || 150 nF ) ETSI ES 202 971 V1.2.1[3]
New Zealand BT3 370Ω + ( 620Ω || 310 nF ) PTC200 [4]
North America 600Ω 600Ω ?

References

This article is issued from Wikipedia - version of the Friday, November 13, 2015. The text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution/Share Alike but additional terms may apply for the media files.