222nd Infantry Brigade (United Kingdom)

2nd Provisional Brigade
222nd Brigade
222nd Independent Infantry Brigade (Home)
222nd Infantry Brigade

76th Infantry Division insignia
Active May 1915–1919
31 October 1940 – 18 November 1943
Country  United Kingdom
Branch British Army
Type Infantry Brigade
Role Training and Home Defence
Part of First World War:
Southern Army, Home Forces
Second World War:
Norfolk County Division (WWII)
76th Infantry Division
'2nd Provisional Brigade' and '222nd Independent Infantry Brigade (Home)' redirect here

222nd Infantry Brigade was a Home Service formation of the British Army that existed under various short-lived titles in both the First and Second World Wars

First World War

On the outbreak of the First World War, the Territorial Force (TF) immediately mobilised for home defence. On 31 August 1914, its units were authorised to raise 2nd battalions from those men who had not volunteered for, or were not fit for, overseas service, together with new volunteers, while the 1st Line went overseas to supplement the Regulars.[1] Early in 1915, the 2nd Line TF battalions were raised to full strength to form new divisions, and began to form Reserve (3rd Line) units to supply drafts.[2] The remaining Home Service men were separated out in May 1915 to form brigades of Coast Defence Battalions (termed Provisional Battalions from June 1915).[3]

Composition

2nd Provisional Brigade formed in North East England in May 1915 with the following composition:[3]

In March 1916 the Provisional Brigades were concentrated along the South East Coast of England. 21st Battalion, which had been guarding the Northumberland Coast, moved to Herne Bay, Kent and joined 10th Provisional Brigade. 26th and 27th Provisional Battalions also left 2nd Provisional Brigade, and 23rd (formerly Durham Light Infantry details) joined. 2nd Provisional Brigade was billeted in and around Clacton and St Osyth in Essex. Here it came under the orders of Southern Army.[4][5]

Service

The Military Service Act 1916 swept away the Home/Foreign service distinction, and all TF soldiers became liable for overseas service, if medically fit. The Provisional Brigades thus became anomalous, and at the end of 1916 the remaining battalions became numbered battalions of their parent units. Part of their role was physical conditioning to render men fit for drafting overseas, alongside units of the Training Reserve. 2nd Provisional Brigade became 222nd Infantry Brigade, with its subunits redesignated as follows: [6]

222nd Brigade had no divisional allocation and remained subordinate to Southern Army and later Eastern Command. In May 1918 each of the non-divisional home service brigades provided one Garrison Guard battalion to reconstitute the 178th (2/1st Nottinghamshire and Derbyshire) Brigade of 59th (2nd North Midland) Division in France. 222nd Brigade supplied the 36th Northumberland Fusiliers, which was replaced in the brigade by a newly raised Home Service battalion of the regiment (37th Battalion).[7]

The brigade never served overseas, and was demobilised early in 1919.

Second World War

On 31 October 1940, a new brigade titled 222nd Independent Infantry Brigade (Home) was formed for service in the United Kingdom[11]

Composition

The following units served in 222nd Brigade:[11]

Commanders

The following officers commanded 222nd Brigade during the war:[11]

Service

After a brief spell attached to the East Anglian 18th Infantry Division, 222nd Brigade became part of Norfolk County Division on 24 December 1940.[16] On 18 November 1941 the Norfolk County Division became 76th Infantry Division and 222nd Independent Infantry Brigade (Home) was retitled 222nd Infantry Brigade.[16]

The 222nd Brigade was disbanded on 18 November 1943.[11]

Notes

  1. ↑ Becke, p. 6.
  2. ↑ Becke, pp. 6, 65.
  3. 1 2 "The 10 Provisional Brigades". Retrieved 13 February 2016.
  4. 1 2 21st Provisional Battalion War Diary, The National Archives, Kew file WO 95/5458.
  5. ↑ Distribution of Northern and Southern Armies (Home Defence), The National Archives file WO 33/765.
  6. ↑ http://www.warpath.orbat.com/misc_units/misc_unallot_uk.htm
  7. 1 2 3 http://www.warpath.orbat.com/regts/nor_fus.htm
  8. ↑ "Northumberland Fusiliers". The Long, Long Trail. Retrieved 13 February 2016.
  9. ↑ http://www.warpath.orbat.com/regts/york_regt.htm
  10. 1 2 http://www.warpath.orbat.com/regts/dli.htm
  11. 1 2 3 4 Joslen, p. 385.
  12. ↑ Joslen, p. 537
  13. ↑ "1st Bn, The Royal Leicestershire Regiment: Deployments". Archived from the original on 26 December 2005. Retrieved 13 February 2016.
  14. ↑ "The Border Regiment [UK]". Archived from the original on 10 January 2006. Retrieved 13 February 2016.
  15. ↑ "1st Bn, The Sherwood Foresters: Service". Archived from the original on 7 January 2006. Retrieved 13 February 2016.
  16. 1 2 Joslen, pp. 99, 114, 385.

References

External sources

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