3000 metres

A women's indoor 3000 m race in Birmingham featuring Sentayehu Ejigu and Tirunesh Dibaba

The 3000 metres or 3000-meter run is a track running event, also commonly known as the 3K or 3K run, where 7.5 laps are completed around an outdoor 400 m track or 15 laps around a 200 m indoor track.

It is debated whether the 3000m should be classified as a middle distance or long distance event.[1] In elite level competition, 3000 m pace is more comparable to the pace found in the longer 5000 metres event, rather than Mile pace. The world record performance for 3000 m equates to a pace of 58.76 seconds per 400 m, which is closer to the 60.58 seconds for 5000 m than the 55.46 seconds for the Mile. However, the 3000 m does require some anaerobic conditioning and an elite athlete needs to develop a high tolerance to lactic acid, as does the Mile runner. Thus, the 3000 m demands a balance of aerobic endurance needed for the 5000 m and lactic acid tolerance needed for the Mile.

In men's athletics, 3000 metres has been an Olympic discipline only as a team race at the 1912, 1920 and 1924 Summer Olympics. It has not been contested at any of the IAAF outdoor championships, but is occasionally hosted at annual elite track and field meetings. It is often featured in indoor track and field programmes and is the longest distance event present at the IAAF World Indoor Championships.

In women's athletics, 3000 metres was a standard event in the Olympic Games (1984 to 1992)[2] and World Championships (1980 to 1993).[3] The event was discontinued at World Championship and Olympic level after the 1993 World Championships in Athletics - Qu Yunxia being the final gold medal winner at the event. Starting with the 1995 World Championships in Athletics and the 1996 Olympic Games, it was replaced by 5000 metres, with other IAAF-organized championships following suit.

Skilled runners in this event reach speeds near vVO2max, for which the oxygen requirements of the body cannot continuously be satisfied,[4] requiring some anaerobic effort.

All-time lists

The men's world record is 7:20.67 set by Daniel Komen of Kenya in 1996. Komen also holds the world indoor mark with 7:24.90 minutes set in 1998. The women's world record is 8:06.11 set by Wang Junxia of China in 1993. The world indoor women's record is 8:16.60 minutes, set by Ethiopian Genzebe Dibaba in 2014.

Outdoor men

Pos Time Athlete Venue Date
1 7:20.67  Daniel Komen (KEN) Rieti 1 September 1996
2 7:23.09  Hicham El Guerrouj (MAR) Brussels 3 September 1999
3 7:25.02  Ali Saïdi-Sief (ALG) Monaco 18 August 2000
4 7:25.09  Haile Gebrselassie (ETH) Brussels 28 August 1998
5 7:25.11  Noureddine Morceli (ALG) Monaco 2 August 1994
6 7:25.79  Kenenisa Bekele (ETH) Stockholm 7 August 2007
7 7:26.62  Mohammed Mourhit (BEL) Monaco 18 August 2000
8 7:27.18  Moses Kiptanui (KEN) Monaco 25 July 1995
9 7:27.26  Yenew Alamirew (ETH) Doha 6 May 2011
10 7:27.55  Edwin Soi (KEN) Doha 6 May 2011

Outdoor women

Pos Time Athlete Venue Date Ref
1 8:06.11  Wang Junxia (CHN) Beijing 13 September 1993
2 8:12.18  Qu Yunxia (CHN) Beijing 13 September 1993
3 8:16.50  Zhang Linli (CHN) Beijing 13 September 1993
4 8:19.78  Ma Liyan (CHN) Beijing 12 September 1993
5 8:20.68  Hellen Onsando Obiri (KEN) Doha 9 May 2014
6 8:21.14  Mercy Cherono (KEN) Doha 9 May 2014
7 8:21.42  Gabriela Szabo (ROM) Monaco 19 July 2002
8 8:21.64  Sonia O'Sullivan (IRL) London 15 July 1994
9 8:21.84  Zhang Lirong (CHN) Beijing 13 September 1993
10 8:22.20  Paula Radcliffe (GBR) Monaco 19 July 2002
11 8:22.22  Almaz Ayana (ETH) Rabat 14 June 2015 [9]

Indoor men

Pos Time Athlete Venue Date
1 7:24.90  Daniel Komen (KEN) Budapest 6 February 1998
2 7:26.15  Haile Gebrselassie (ETH) Karlsruhe 25 January 1998
3 7:27.80  Yenew Alamirew (ETH) Stuttgart 5 February 2011
4 7:28.00  Augustine Choge (KEN) Stuttgart 5 February 2011
5 7:29.37  Eliud Kipchoge (KEN) Stuttgart 5 February 2011
6 7:29.94  Edwin Soi (KEN) Karlsruhe 12 February 2012
7 7:30.16  Galen Rupp (USA) Stockholm 21 February 2013
8 7:30.51  Kenenisa Bekele (ETH) Stockholm 20 February 2007
9 7:31.09  Tariku Bekele (ETH) Stuttgart 2 February 2008
10 7:31.66  Caleb Mwangangi Ndiku (KEN) Stockholm 21 February 2013

Indoor women

Pos Time Athlete Venue Date
1 8:16.60  Genzebe Dibaba (ETH) Stockholm 6 February 2014
2 8:23.72  Meseret Defar (ETH) Stuttgart 3 February 2007
3 8:23.74  Meselech Melkamu (ETH) Stuttgart 3 February 2007
4 8:25.27  Sentayehu Ejigu (ETH) Stuttgart 6 February 2010
5 8:27.86  Liliya Shobukhova (RUS) Moscow 17 February 2006
6 8:28.49  Anna Alminova (RUS) Stuttgart 7 February 2009
7 8:29.00  Olesya Syreva (RUS) Moscow 17 February 2006
8 8:29.15  Berhane Adere (ETH) Stuttgart 3 February 2002
9 8:29.99  Hellen Obiri (KEN) Stockholm 6 February 2014
10 8:30.53  Vivian Cheruiyot (KEN) Birmingham 21 February 2009

Olympic medalists

Games Gold Silver Bronze
1984 Los Angeles
 Maricica Puică (ROU)  Wendy Smith-Sly (GBR)  Lynn Williams (CAN)
1988 Seoul
 Tetyana Samolenko (URS)  Paula Ivan (ROU)  Yvonne Murray (GBR)
1992 Barcelona
 Yelena Romanova (EUN)  Tetyana Dorovskikh (EUN)  Angela Chalmers (CAN)

World Championships medalists

Games Gold Silver Bronze
1980 Sittard  Birgit Friedmann (FRG)  Karoline Nemetz (SWE)  Ingrid Kristiansen (NOR)
1983 Helsinki  Mary Decker (USA)  Brigitte Kraus (FRG)  Tatyana Kovalenko-Kazankina (URS)
1987 Rome  Tetyana Samolenko (URS)  Maricica Puică (ROU)  Ulrike Bruns (GDR)
1991 Tokyo  Tetyana Samolenko (URS)  Yelena Romanova (URS)  Susan Sirma (KEN)
1993 Stuttgart  Qu Yunxia (CHN)  Zhang Linli (CHN)  Zhang Lirong (CHN)

Season's bests

Men (outdoor)

Year Time Athlete Location
1970 7:49.4  Bernd Diessner (GDR) Potsdam
1971 7:39.8  Emiel Puttemans (BEL) Brussels
1972 7:37.6  Emiel Puttemans (BEL) Århus
1973 7:42.0  Brendan Foster (GBR) London
1974 7:35.1  Brendan Foster (GBR) Gateshead
1975 7:45.0  Rod Dixon (NZL) Paris
1976 7:43.46  Rod Dixon (NZL) Cologne
1977 7:41.22  Karl Fleschen (FRG) Cologne
1978 7:32.1  Henry Rono (KEN) Oslo
1979 7:37.70  Rudy Chapa (USA) Eugene
1980 7:37.60  Eamonn Coghlan (IRL) Oslo
1981 7:36.69  Steve Scott (USA) Ingelheim
1982 7:32.79  David Moorcroft (GBR) London
1983 7:35.84  Doug Padilla (USA) Oslo
1984 7:33.3  Saïd Aouita (MAR) Brussels
1985 7:32.94  Saïd Aouita (MAR) Brussels
1986 7:32.23  Saïd Aouita (MAR) Cologne
1987 7:40.25  Dieter Baumann (FRG) Berlin
1988 7:38.79  Sydney Maree (USA) Malmö
1989 7:29.45  Saïd Aouita (MAR) Cologne
1990 7:37.09  Khalid Skah (MAR) Cologne
1991 7:33.91  Dieter Baumann (GER) Cologne
1992 7:28.96  Moses Kiptanui (KEN) Cologne
1993 7:29.24  Noureddine Morceli (ALG) Monaco
1994 7:25.11  Noureddine Morceli (ALG) Monaco
1995 7:27.18  Moses Kiptanui (KEN) Monaco
1996 7:20.67  Daniel Komen (KEN) Rieti
1997 7:26.02  Haile Gebrselassie (ETH) Brussels
1998 7:25.09  Haile Gebrselassie (ETH) Brussels
1999 7:23.09  Hicham El Guerrouj (MAR) Brussels
2000 7:25.02  Ali Saïdi-Sief (ALG) Monaco
2001 7:30.53  Hailu Mekonnen (ETH) Brussels
2002 7:34.72  Benjamin Limo (KEN) Monaco
2003 7:30.23  Hicham El Guerrouj (MAR) Turin
2004 7:27.72  Eliud Kipchoge (KEN) Brussels
2005 7:28.56  Eliud Kipchoge (KEN) Ad-Dawhah
2006 7:28.72  Isaac Kiprono Songok (KEN) Rieti
2007 7:25.79  Kenenisa Bekele (ETH) Stockholm
2008 7:31.83  Edwin Cheruiyot Soi (KEN) Rieti
2009 7:28.37  Eliud Kipchoge (KEN) Doha
2010 7:28.70  Tariku Bekele (ETH) Rieti
2011 7:27.26  Yenew Alamirew (ETH) Ad-Dawhah
2012 7:30.42  Augustine Choge (KEN) Ad-Dawhah
2013 7:30.36  Hagos Gebrhiwet (ETH) Ad-Dawhah
2014
2015 7:38.08  Hagos Gebrhiwet (ETH) Doha

Men (indoor)

Year Time Athlete Location
1970 7:46.85  Richard Wilde (GBR) Vienna
1971 7:53.6  Peter Stewart (GBR) Sofia
1972 7:50.0  Ian Stewart (GBR) Cosford
1973 7:44.6  Emiel Puttemans (BEL) Rotterdam
1974 7:48.48  Emiel Puttemans (BEL) Göteborg
1975 7:50.2  Boris Kuznetsov (URS) Sverdlovsk
1976 7:50.2  Emiel Puttemans (BEL) Paris
1977 7:47.9  Suleiman Nyambui (TAN) Louisville
1978 7:48.6  Nick Rose (GBR) Long Beach
1979 7:44.43  Markus Ryffel (SUI) Vienna
1980 7:45.2  Steve Scott (USA) Long Beach
1981 7:48.8  Lubomír Tesáček (TCH) Prague
1982 7:46.2  Doug Padilla (USA) Daly City
1983 7:49.1  Doug Padilla (USA) Daly City
1984 7:46.87  Doug Padilla (USA) East Rutherford
1985 7:42.97  Christoph Herle (FRG) Dortmund
1986 7:46.46  Stefano Mei (ITA) Budapest
1987 7:47.95  Paul Donovan (IRL) East Rutherford
1988 7:41.57  Brian Abshire (USA) East Rutherford
1989 7:39.71  Saïd Aouita (MAR) East Rutherford
1990 7:43.69  Doug Padilla (USA) East Rutherford
1991 7:41.14  Frank O'Mara (IRL) Seville
1992 7:36.66  Saïd Aouita (MAR) Piraeus
1993 7:38.46  Moses Kiptanui (KEN) Stockholm
1994 7:40.94  Moses Kiptanui (KEN) Lievin
1995 7:35.15  Moses Kiptanui (KEN) Ghent
1996 7:30.72  Haile Gebrselassie (ETH) Stuttgart
1997 7:31.27  Haile Gebrselassie (ETH) Karlsruhe
1998 7:24.90  Daniel Komen (KEN) Budapest
1999 7:26.80  Haile Gebrselassie (ETH) Karlsruhe
2000 7:35.84  Million Wolde (ETH) Stuttgart
2001 7:37.74  Hicham El Guerrouj (MAR) Lisbon
2002 7:37.13  Alberto García (ESP) Seville
2003 7:28.29  Haile Gebrselassie (ETH) Karlsruhe
2004 7:29.34  Haile Gebrselassie (ETH) Karlsruhe
2005 7:39.89  Alistair Cragg (IRL) Roxbury
2006 7:33.07  Eliud Kipchoge (KEN) Karlsruhe
2007 7:30.51  Kenenisa Bekele (ETH) Karlsruhe
2008 7:31.09  Tariku Bekele (ETH) Stuttgart
2009 7:32.80  Paul Kipsiele Koech (KEN) Stockholm
2010 7:31.75  Augustine Kiprono Choge (KEN) Stockholm
2010 7:27.80  Yenew Alamirew (ETH) Stuttgart
2012 7:29.94  Augustine Choge (KEN) Karlsruhe
2013 7:30.16  Galen Rupp (USA) Stockholm
2014
2015 7:33.1+ (ht)  Mo Farah (GBR) Birmingham

Women (outdoor)

Year Time Athlete Location
1971 9:23.4  Joyce Smith (GBR) London
1972 8:53.0  Lyudmila Bragina (URS) Moscow
1973 8:56.6  Paola Pigni (ITA) Formia
1974 8:52.74  Lyudmila Bragina (URS) Durham
1975 8:46.6  Grete Waitz (NOR) Oslo
1976 8:27.12  Lyudmila Bragina (URS) College Park
1977 8:36.8  Grete Waitz (NOR) Oslo
1978 8:32.1  Grete Waitz (NOR) Oslo
1979 8:31.75  Grete Waitz (NOR) Oslo
1980 8:33.53  Yelena Sipatova (URS) Moscow
1981 8:34.30  Maricica Puică (ROU) Bucharest
1982 8:26.78  Svetlana Ulmasova (URS) Kiev
1983 8:32.08  Tatyana Kazankina (URS) Saint Petersburg
1984 8:22.62  Tatyana Kazankina (URS) Saint Petersburg
1985 8:25.83  Mary Slaney (USA) Rome
1986 8:33.99  Olga Bondarenko (URS) Stuttgart
1987 8:38.1  Ulrike Bruns (GDR) Potsdam
1988 8:26.53  Tatyana Samolenko (URS) Seoul
1989 8:38.48  Paula Ivan (ROU) Gateshead
1990 8:38.38  Angela Chalmers (CAN) Auckland
1991 8:32.00  Elana Meyer (RSA) Durban
1992 8:33.72  Yelena Romanova (RUS) Cologne
1993 8:06.11  Wang Junxia (CHN) Beijing
1994 8:21.64  Sonia O'Sullivan (IRL) London
1995 8:27.57  Sonia O'Sullivan (IRL) Zurich
1996 8:35.42  Sonia O'Sullivan (IRL) Nice
1997 8:27.78  Gabriela Szabo (ROU) Zurich
1998 8:24.31  Gabriela Szabo (ROU) Paris
1999 8:25.03  Gabriela Szabo (ROU) Zurich
2000 8:26.35  Gabriela Szabo (ROU) Zurich
2001 8:23.26  Olga Yegorova (RUS) Zurich
2002 8:21.42  Gabriela Szabo (ROU) Monte Carlo
2003 8:33.95  Gabriela Szabo (ROU) Zurich
2004 8:31.32  Isabella Ochichi (KEN) Paris
2005 8:28.87  Maryam Yusuf Jamal (BHR) Oslo
2006 8:24.66  Meseret Defar (ETH) Stockholm
2007 8:24.81  Meseret Defar (ETH) Brussels
2008 8:33.66  Vivian Cheruiyot (KEN) Gateshead
2009 8:30.15  Meseret Defar (ETH) Thessaloniki
2010 8:28.41  Sentayehu Ejigu (ETH) Monaco
2011 8:46.84  Viola Jelagat Kibiwot (KEN) Rabat
2012 8:34.47  Mariem Alaoui Selsouli (MAR) Eugene
2013 8:30.29  Meseret Defar (ETH) Stockholm
2014 8:20.68  Hellen Onsando Obiri (KEN) Doha
2015 8:22.22  Almaz Ayana (ETH) Rabat

Women (indoor)

Year Time Athlete Location
1971
1972
1973
1974
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015 8:37.22+  Genzebe Dibaba (ETH) Stockholm

External links

Notes and references

  1. Middle-distance running. Encyclopaedia Britannica. Retrieved on 2014-06-02.
  2. Women's 3000 metres at the Olympic Games. Sport Reference. Retrieved on 2014-01-18.
  3. World Championships in Athletics. GBR Athletics. Retrieved on 2014-01-18.
  4. Billat, Véronique L.; J. Pierre Koralsztein (Aug 1996). "Significance of the Velocity at VO2max and Time to Exhaustion at this Velocity" (PDF). Sports Med. 2: 90–108. Retrieved 27 March 2011.
  5. 3000 Metres - men - senior - outdoor. IAAF. Retrieved on 2014-01-18.
  6. 3000 Metres - men - senior - indoor. IAAF. Retrieved on 2014-01-18.
  7. 3000 Metres - women - senior - outdoor. IAAF. Retrieved on 2014-01-18.
  8. 3000 Metres - women - senior - indoor. IAAF. Retrieved on 2014-01-18.
  9. "3000m Results". IAAF. 14 June 2015. Retrieved 14 June 2015.
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