4-aminobutyrate—pyruvate transaminase

4-aminobutyrate---pyruvate transaminase (EC 2.6.1.96, aminobutyrate aminotransferase, gamma-aminobutyrate aminotransaminase, gamma-aminobutyrate transaminase, gamma-aminobutyric acid aminotransferase, gamma-aminobutyric acid pyruvate transaminase, gamma-aminobutyric acid transaminase, gamma-aminobutyric transaminase, 4-aminobutyrate aminotransferase, 4-aminobutyric acid aminotransferase, aminobutyrate transaminase, GABA aminotransferase, GABA transaminase, GABA transferase, POP2 (gene)) is an enzyme with systematic name 4-aminobutanoate:pyruvate aminotransferase.^[1]^[2]^[3]^[4] This enzyme catalyses the following chemical reaction

(1) 4-aminobutanoate + pyruvate

\rightleftharpoons

succinate semialdehyde + L-alanine

(2) 4-aminobutanoate + glyoxylate

\rightleftharpoons

succinate semialdehyde + glycine

This enzyme requires pyridoxal 5'-phosphate.

References

↑ Van Cauwenberghe, O.R. and Shelp, B.J. (1999). "Biochemical characterization of partially purified gaba:pyruvate transaminase from Nicotiana tabacum". Phytochemistry 52: 575–581. doi:10.1016/s0031-9422(99)00301-5.
↑ Palanivelu, R., Brass, L., Edlund, A.F. and Preuss, D. (2003). "Pollen tube growth and guidance is regulated by POP2, an Arabidopsis gene that controls GABA levels". Cell 114 (1): 47–59. doi:10.1016/s0092-8674(03)00479-3. PMID 12859897.
↑ Clark, S.M., Di Leo, R., Dhanoa, P.K., Van Cauwenberghe, O.R., Mullen, R.T. and Shelp, B.J. (2009). "Biochemical characterization, mitochondrial localization, expression, and potential functions for an Arabidopsis γ-aminobutyrate transaminase that utilizes both pyruvate and glyoxylate". J. Exp. Bot. 60: 1743–1757. doi:10.1093/jxb/erp044. PMID 19264755.
↑ Clark, S.M., Di Leo, R., Van Cauwenberghe, O.R., Mullen, R.T. and Shelp, B.J. (2009). "Subcellular localization and expression of multiple tomato γ-aminobutyrate transaminases that utilize both pyruvate and glyoxylate". J. Exp. Bot. 60: 3255–3267. doi:10.1093/jxb/erp161. PMID 19470656.

External links

4-aminobutyrate---pyruvate transaminase at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)

Transferase: nitrogenous groups (EC 2.6)

2.6.1: Transaminases	Aspartate transaminase GOT1 GOT2 Alanine transaminase GABA transaminase Tyrosine aminotransferase Ornithine aminotransferase Branched chain aminotransferase Alanine—glyoxylate transaminase AGXT

2.6.3: Oximinotransferases	Oximinotransferase

2.6.99: Other	Pyridoxine 5'-phosphate synthase

Enzymes

Activity	Active site Binding site Catalytic triad Oxyanion hole Enzyme promiscuity Catalytically perfect enzyme Coenzyme Cofactor Enzyme catalysis Enzyme kinetics Lineweaver–Burk plot Michaelis–Menten kinetics

Regulation	Allosteric regulation Cooperativity Enzyme inhibitor

Classification	EC number Enzyme superfamily Enzyme family List of enzymes

Types	EC1 Oxidoreductases(list) EC2 Transferases(list) EC3 Hydrolases(list) EC4 Lyases(list) EC5 Isomerases(list) EC6 Ligases(list)

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