661
This article is about the year 661. For the number, see 661 (number).
| Millennium: | 1st millennium |
|---|---|
| Centuries: | 6th century – 7th century – 8th century |
| Decades: | 630s 640s 650s – 660s – 670s 680s 690s |
| Years: | 658 659 660 – 661 – 662 663 664 |
| 661 by topic | |
| Politics | |
| State leaders – Sovereign states | |
| Birth and death categories | |
| Births – Deaths | |
| Establishment and disestablishment categories | |
| Establishments – Disestablishments | |
| Gregorian calendar | 661 DCLXI |
| Ab urbe condita | 1414 |
| Armenian calendar | 110 ԹՎ ՃԺ |
| Assyrian calendar | 5411 |
| Bengali calendar | 68 |
| Berber calendar | 1611 |
| Buddhist calendar | 1205 |
| Burmese calendar | 23 |
| Byzantine calendar | 6169–6170 |
| Chinese calendar | 庚申年 (Metal Monkey) 3357 or 3297 — to — 辛酉年 (Metal Rooster) 3358 or 3298 |
| Coptic calendar | 377–378 |
| Discordian calendar | 1827 |
| Ethiopian calendar | 653–654 |
| Hebrew calendar | 4421–4422 |
| Hindu calendars | |
| - Vikram Samvat | 717–718 |
| - Shaka Samvat | 583–584 |
| - Kali Yuga | 3762–3763 |
| Holocene calendar | 10661 |
| Iranian calendar | 39–40 |
| Islamic calendar | 40–41 |
| Japanese calendar | N/A |
| Julian calendar | 661 DCLXI |
| Korean calendar | 2994 |
| Minguo calendar | 1251 before ROC 民前1251年 |
| Seleucid era | 972/973 AG |
| Thai solar calendar | 1203–1204 |
Expansion of the caliphate under the Umayyads:
Year 661 (DCLXI) was a common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. The denomination 661 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years.
Events
By place
Europe
- King Chlothar III of Neustria and queen regent Balthild found Corbie Abbey in Picardy (northern France). Giving it immunity from taxation and visits from local bishops in exchange for prayer.
- Perctarit and Godepert become co-rulers of the Lombards, following the death of their father Aripert I. They split the kingdom, and establish their capital in Milan and Pavia (northern Italy).
Britain
- Battle of Posbury: King Cenwalh of Wessex invades Dumnonia (south-west England). He is victorious over the native Briton tribes near Crediton in Devon and drives them to the coast.
- King Wulfhere of Mercia and his army sack the Berkshire Downs (south of Thame) and move south to conquer the Meonwara and the Isle of Wight.
- Wulfhere appoints Æthelwealh as king of Sussex and is baptized in Mercia. He receives the recently-conquered territories in modern-day Hampshire.
Arabian Empire
- January 27 – Ali ibn Abi-Talib, first Shi'a Imam and the fourth caliph of the Rashidun Caliphate, is assassinated while at prayer at a shrine at Kufa (modern Iraq). According to the Shia Islam, his son Hasan ibn Ali succeeds him as the second Imam. According to the Sunni Islam, he is succeeded by Muawiyah I, age 59, who moves his seat of government to Damascus and founds the Umayyad Caliphate.[1]
- Muawiyah I imprisons patriarch Giwargis I after his refusal to pay tribute. The Christians are persecuted and their churches are destroyed (approximate date).
Japan
- The imperial fleet of Japan invades Kyūshū by the order of empress Saimei. On its way, princess Nukata composes a famous poem at Nikitatsu in the province of Iyo (approximate date).
- Saimei builds the palace of Asakura in Kyūshū from trees cut down from the shrines. Two months later she dies. People say it is because the gods are angry for destroying the shrines.
- Emperor Tenji ascends to the throne of Japan after empress Saimei's death. He sends an expeditionary force under Abe no Hirafu to the Korea to help the allied kingdom of Baekje.
Korea
By topic
Religion
- Maximus the Confessor, Christian monk, is recalled from exile in Thrace. He is tried, and sentenced to mutilation. His tongue and his right hand are cut off to prevent his further opposition to the Monothelites.
- In Gaul all Roman bishops are replaced with Frankish bishops. They become increasingly common as Frankish leaders who control the episcopate (approximate date).
Births
- Ælfwine, king of Deira (approximate date)
- Al-Hajjaj ibn Yusuf, Arab governor (d. 714)
- Chen Zi'ang, Chinese poet and official (d. 702)
- Liu Zhiji, Chinese historian (d. 721)
- March 28 – Muawiya II, Muslim caliph (d. 684)
- February 12 – Ōku, Japanese princess (d. 702)
Deaths
- January 27 – Ali ibn Abi-Talib, Muslim caliph
- Aripert I, king of the Lombards
- January 3 – Benjamin, Coptic Orthodox Patriarch of Alexandria
- Cenberht, king of Wessex (approximate date)
- February 17 – Finan, bishop of Lindisfarne
- Kōgyoku (also Saimei), empress of Japan (b. 594)
- Landry, bishop of Paris (approximate date)
References
- ↑ Roberts, J: "History of the World". Penguin, 1994
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