680
This article is about the year 680. For the number, see 680 (number).
For highways, see List of highways numbered 680.
| Millennium: | 1st millennium |
|---|---|
| Centuries: | 6th century – 7th century – 8th century |
| Decades: | 650s 660s 670s – 680s – 690s 700s 710s |
| Years: | 677 678 679 – 680 – 681 682 683 |
| 680 by topic | |
| Politics | |
| State leaders – Sovereign states | |
| Birth and death categories | |
| Births – Deaths | |
| Establishment and disestablishment categories | |
| Establishments – Disestablishments | |
| Gregorian calendar | 680 DCLXXX |
| Ab urbe condita | 1433 |
| Armenian calendar | 129 ԹՎ ՃԻԹ |
| Assyrian calendar | 5430 |
| Bengali calendar | 87 |
| Berber calendar | 1630 |
| Buddhist calendar | 1224 |
| Burmese calendar | 42 |
| Byzantine calendar | 6188–6189 |
| Chinese calendar | 己卯年 (Earth Rabbit) 3376 or 3316 — to — 庚辰年 (Metal Dragon) 3377 or 3317 |
| Coptic calendar | 396–397 |
| Discordian calendar | 1846 |
| Ethiopian calendar | 672–673 |
| Hebrew calendar | 4440–4441 |
| Hindu calendars | |
| - Vikram Samvat | 736–737 |
| - Shaka Samvat | 602–603 |
| - Kali Yuga | 3781–3782 |
| Holocene calendar | 10680 |
| Iranian calendar | 58–59 |
| Islamic calendar | 60–61 |
| Japanese calendar | N/A |
| Julian calendar | 680 DCLXXX |
| Korean calendar | 3013 |
| Minguo calendar | 1232 before ROC 民前1232年 |
| Seleucid era | 991/992 AG |
| Thai solar calendar | 1222–1223 |
Year 680 (DCLXXX) was a leap year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. The denomination 680 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years.
Events
By place
Byzantine Empire
- Byzantine–Bulgarian War: The Bulgars under Asparukh subjugate the country of current-day Bulgaria north of the Balkan Mountains. Emperor Constantine IV leads a combined land and sea operation against the invaders and besieges their fortified camp in Dobruja.[1]
- Battle of Ongal: The Byzantine army (25,000 men) under Constantine IV is defeated by the Bulgars and Slavic allies in the Danube Delta. Bulgar cavalry force the Byzantines into a rout while Constantine (suffering from leg pain) travels to Nesebar to seek treatment.
Europe
- King Wamba is deposed after an 8-year reign and forced to retire to a monastery. He is succeeded by Erwig who becomes ruler of the Visigothic Kingdom.
- King Perctarit makes his son Cunipert co-ruler of the Lombard Kingdom. He signs a formal peace treaty with Constantine IV.
- Pippin of Herstal becomes Mayor of the Palace of Austrasia.
Britain
- King Cædwalla of Wessex becomes overly ambitious in a power-struggle with his rival, king Centwine, for Wessex overlordship. He is banished into the forests of Chiltern and Andred.[2]
Arabian Empire
- Caliph Muawiyah I, founder of the Umayyad Dynasty, dies.
- Yazid I, son of Muawiyah I, becomes the sixth caliph (second Umayyad caliph) but Kufans in Mesopotamia rebel and invite Hussein ibn Ali (grandson of Muhammad) to take the throne.
- October 10 – Battle of Karbala: Muslim forces under Yazid I kill Hussein ibn Ali, grandson of Muhammad, Prophet of Islam, and his closest supporters. This event leads to the civil war known as the Second Fitna.
Asia
- In Japan, princess Uno Sarara is unwell and emperor Tenmu begins the erection of the Temple of Yakushi-ji (Nara Prefecture). He makes 100 persons enter religion as priests, wishing her to recover her health.
By topic
Religion
- Imam Hussein ibn Ali enters martyrdom. He is killed and beheaded at Karbala (modern Iraq) by Shimr ibn Dhi 'l-Jawshan, along with most of his family and companions.[3]
- Theodore, archbishop of Canterbury, convenes a synod at Hatfield that clears the English Church from any association with the heresy of Monothelitism.[4]
- Wilfrid returns to Northumbria, with papal support, but is imprisoned by king Ecgfrith and again exiled. He travels to Sussex to evangelise the people.
- King Merewalh of Magonsæte founds the monastery of Wenlock Priory (Shropshire). He appoints his daughter Milburga to Benedictine abbess.
- Boniface educated at a Celtic Christian monastery in Exeter that has been one of many monasteriola built by local landowners and churchmen.[5]
- Book of Durrow is created, probably in Northumbria or on the island of Iona in the Scottish Inner Hebrides (approximate date).
- November 12 – The Sixth Ecumenical Council opens in Constantinople and ends September 16, 681.
Births
- Fujiwara no Muchimaro, Japanese politician (d. 737)
- Genshō, empress of Japan (d. 748)
- Oda of Scotland, Christian saint (approximate date)
- Wu Daozi, Chinese painter (d. 760)
Deaths
- Abbas ibn Ali, Muslim martyr (b. 647)
- Agatho, pope of the Coptic Orthodox Church
- January 30 – Balthild, queen of the Franks
- Bhāskara I, Indian mathematician (approximate date)
- Cædmon, Northumbrian poet
- Ebroin, Mayor of the Palace of Neustria (or 681)
- Eusebia, Frankish abbess and saint (approximate date)
- October 9 – Ghislain, Frankish anchorite and saint
- Hilda of Whitby, Northumbrian abbess and saint
- Husayn ibn Ali, Shia Imam and grandson of Muhammad (b. 626)
- January 1 – Javanshir, king of Caucasian Albania (b. 616)
- Muawiyah I, founder of the Umayyad Caliphate (b. 602)
- Umm Salama, wife of Muhammad
- Vikramaditya I, king of Chalukya (India)
- Wulfoald, Mayor of the Palace of Austrasia
- Ali al-Akbar ibn Husayn, Muslim martyr (b. 662)
- Ali al-Asghar ibn Husayn, Muslim martyr
References
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