75 mm Gun M1916

M1916 75-mm Gun

Type	Field gun
Place of origin	United States
Service history
In service	1916
Used by	United States
Wars	World War I
Production history
Designed	1916
Manufacturer	various
Specifications
Weight	749 lb (340 kg)
Length	7.58 ft (2.31 m)
Width	5 ft track
Diameter	4ft 8in wheel

Shell	fixed, shell weight 14.7 lb (6.7 kg)
Caliber	75 mm (3.0 in) /28Cal.
Breech	drop block
Recoil	Hydrospring
Carriage	split trail
Elevation	53° (31° to 82° on AA mounting)
Traverse	800 Mills (240° on AA mounting)
Muzzle velocity	1,830 ft/s (560 m/s)
Effective firing range	633 yd (579 m)
Maximum firing range	4,120 yd (3,770 m), 5,500 yd (5,000 m) AA altitude
Feed system	hand

The M1916 75-mm Gun was a U.S. Army field artillery piece used during and after World War I. It was used as an anti-aircraft gun as well as a field piece.

History

The gun carriage was originally the 3-inch model of 1913, which was later designated the 3-inch M1916. The gun was modified to a 75 mm bore, permitting interchangeability of ammunition with French guns. Its hydrospring recoil system, called the St. Chamond type, consisted of an oil cylinder on top of the barrel and two spring cylinders underneath. The gun remained in army inventory as late as 1942.

51 of these weapons were mounted on 2.5-ton White trucks for anti-aircraft (AA) use, designated the AA truck mount M1917. Some of these weapons reached France before the Armistice, the only US-made AA weapons to do so, but none saw action. Prior to the commencement of this program, 50 AA truck mounts were shipped to France without guns as a stopgap, where French 75s were mounted on them. The maximum AA altitude was 5,500 yd (5,000 m) at 82° elevation, limited by a 20-second fuse. The low muzzle velocity and limited elevation and traverse of the AA mounting (31° to 82° elevation, 240° traverse) impaired the weapon's effectiveness. By 1940 the AA version of the weapon was no longer in active service, but a few were retained for training.^[1]

Variants

M1916 mounted on M1916 carriage
M1916MI mounted on M1916A1 carriage (rubber tire)
M1916MII mounted on M1916A1 carriage
M1916MII-1/2 mounted on M1916A1 carriage
M1916MIII mounted on M1916A1 carriage
M1916MIII-1/2 mounted on M1916A1 carriage
M1916MIIIA1 mounted on M1916MI carriage
M1916MIIIA1 mounted on M1916MIA1 carriage
M1916MIII-1/2A1 mounted on M1916MIA1 carriage
The Antiaircraft model was mounted on a White Motor Company 2.5-ton truck as the AA truck mount M1917.

US 75mm Gun M1916 AA on White 2.5-ton Truck Mount

Support vehicles

A battery of 75-mm guns is accompanied by the following-

75 mm limber M1918
75 mm Caisson M1918
Forge limber M1902M1
Store limber M1902M1
Battery and store wagon M1917
Battery reel M1917
Reel M1909M1
Cart M1918

Surviving Artifacts

The American Legion: 705 Lesner Avenue, Norfolk, Virginia

References

↑ Berhow, Mark A., Ed. (2004). American Seacoast Defenses, A Reference Guide, Second Edition. CDSG Press. p. 242. ISBN 0-9748167-0-1.

TM 9-2005, Ordnance Materiel - General, Vol. 3, Infantry- and Cavalry-accompanying weapons, Field Artillery, December 1942
FM 6-60 Service of the Piece—75-mm Gun, M1916 and M1916-A1, Horse-drawn and Truck-drawn
Crowell, Benedict, America's Munitions 1917-1918, Washington: Government Printing Office, 1919
Crowell at Google Books
Ordnance Department, U.S. Army, Handbook of Ordnance Data, November 15, 1918, Washington: Government Printing Office, 1919
Office of the Chief of Ordnance, Handbook of Artillery, May, 1920, Washington: Government Printing Office, 1920

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to 75 mm Model 1916.

http://www.lovettartillery.com/US%20M%201918%20Limber.html

United States artillery of World War I

Tank guns	Puteaux SA 18 QF 6 pounder 6 cwt Hotchkiss

Small and pack guns	Canon d'Infanterie de 37 modèle 1916 TRP QF 2.95 inch Mountain Gun

Field, medium and heavy guns	3-inch M1902 field gun Canon de 75 modèle 1897 75 mm Gun M1916 75 mm Gun M1917 4.7 inch Gun M1906 6-inch field howitzer M-1908 Canon de 155mm GPF Canon de 155 C modèle 1917 Schneider BL 8 inch Howitzer Mk VI – VIII 240 mm Trench Mortar

Anti-aircraft guns	75 mm Gun M1916 3-inch gun M1917 3-inch Gun M1918

Coast artillery guns	3-inch gun M1903 4.72-inch Armstrong gun 5-inch gun M1897 6-inch Armstrong gun 6-inch gun M1897 8-inch gun M1888 10-inch gun M1895 12-inch gun M1895 12-inch coast defense mortar 14-inch gun M1907 16-inch gun M1895 16-inch gun M1919 155 mm gun M1918MI

Railway artillery	8-inch gun M1888 10-inch gun M1895 12-inch coast defense mortar 12-inch gun M1895MIA1 14"/50 caliber railway gun

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