ACAT2

Acetyl-CoA acetyltransferase 2
PDB rendering based on 1wl4.
Available structures PDB Ortholog search: PDBe, RCSB List of PDB id codes 1WL4​, 1WL5​
Identifiers
Symbol	ACAT2
External IDs	OMIM: 100678 MGI: 109182 HomoloGene: 55855 IUPHAR: 2436 ChEMBL: 2240 GeneCards: ACAT2 Gene
EC number	2.3.1.9
Gene ontology Molecular function • acetyl-CoA C-acetyltransferase activity • protein binding Cellular component • nucleus • nucleoplasm • nucleolus • cytoplasm • extracellular exosome Biological process • lipid metabolic process Sources: Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs
Species	Human	Mouse
Entrez	39	110460
Ensembl	ENSG00000120437	ENSMUSG00000023832
UniProt	Q9BWD1	Q8CAY6
RefSeq (mRNA)	NM_001303253	NM_009338
RefSeq (protein)	NP_001290182	NP_033364
Location (UCSC)	Chr 6: 159.76 – 159.78 Mb	Chr 17: 12.94 – 12.96 Mb
PubMed search

Acetyl-CoA acetyltransferase, cytosolic, also known as cytosolic acetoacetyl-CoA thiolase, is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ACAT2 (acetyl-Coenzyme A acetyltransferase 2) gene^[1]

Acetyl-Coenzyme A acetyltransferase 2 is an acetyl-CoA C-acetyltransferase enzyme.

Gene

This gene shows complementary overlapping with the 3-prime region of the TCP1 gene in both mouse and human. These genes are encoded on opposite strands of DNA, as well as in opposite transcriptional orientation.^[1]

References

1. "Entrez Gene: acetyl-Coenzyme A acetyltransferase 2".

Further reading

• Locke JA, Wasan KM, Nelson CC, Guns ES, Leon CG (Jan 2008). "Androgen-mediated cholesterol metabolism in LNCaP and PC-3 cell lines is regulated through two different isoforms of acyl-coenzyme A:Cholesterol Acyltransferase (ACAT)". The Prostate 68 (1): 20–33. doi:10.1002/pros.20674. PMID 18000807.
• Reynolds CA, Hong MG, Eriksson UK, Blennow K, Wiklund F, Johansson B, Malmberg B, Berg S, Alexeyenko A, Grönberg H, Gatz M, Pedersen NL, Prince JA (May 2010). "Analysis of lipid pathway genes indicates association of sequence variation near SREBF1/TOM1L2/ATPAF2 with dementia risk". Human Molecular Genetics 19 (10): 2068–78. doi:10.1093/hmg/ddq079. PMC 2860895. PMID 20167577.
• He X, Lu Y, Saha N, Yang H, Heng CK (Dec 2005). "Acyl-CoA: cholesterol acyltransferase-2 gene polymorphisms and their association with plasma lipids and coronary artery disease risks". Human Genetics 118 (3-4): 393–403. doi:10.1007/s00439-005-0055-3. PMID 16195894.
• Yamada Y, Matsuo H, Warita S, Watanabe S, Kato K, Oguri M, Yokoi K, Metoki N, Yoshida H, Satoh K, Ichihara S, Aoyagi Y, Yasunaga A, Park H, Tanaka M, Nozawa Y (Nov 2007). "Prediction of genetic risk for dyslipidemia". Genomics 90 (5): 551–8. doi:10.1016/j.ygeno.2007.08.001. PMID 17919884.
• Kursula P, Sikkilä H, Fukao T, Kondo N, Wierenga RK (Mar 2005). "High resolution crystal structures of human cytosolic thiolase (CT): a comparison of the active sites of human CT, bacterial thiolase, and bacterial KAS I". Journal of Molecular Biology 347 (1): 189–201. doi:10.1016/j.jmb.2005.01.018. PMID 15733928.
• Lu Y, Dollé ME, Imholz S, van 't Slot R, Verschuren WM, Wijmenga C, Feskens EJ, Boer JM (Dec 2008). "Multiple genetic variants along candidate pathways influence plasma high-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentrations". Journal of Lipid Research 49 (12): 2582–9. doi:10.1194/jlr.M800232-JLR200. PMID 18660489.
• Parini P, Jiang ZY, Einarsson C, Eggertsen G, Zhang SD, Rudel LL, Han TQ, Eriksson M (Nov 2009). "ACAT2 and human hepatic cholesterol metabolism: identification of important gender-related differences in normolipidemic, non-obese Chinese patients". Atherosclerosis 207 (1): 266–71. doi:10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2009.04.010. PMC 2784173. PMID 19467657.
• Pramfalk C, Angelin B, Eriksson M, Parini P (Dec 2007). "Cholesterol regulates ACAT2 gene expression and enzyme activity in human hepatoma cells". Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 364 (2): 402–9. doi:10.1016/j.bbrc.2007.10.028. PMID 17950700.
• Suzuki Y, Yamashita R, Shirota M, Sakakibara Y, Chiba J, Mizushima-Sugano J, Nakai K, Sugano S (Sep 2004). "Sequence comparison of human and mouse genes reveals a homologous block structure in the promoter regions". Genome Research 14 (9): 1711–8. doi:10.1101/gr.2435604. PMC 515316. PMID 15342556.
• Yoshida T, Kato K, Yokoi K, Watanabe S, Metoki N, Satoh K, Aoyagi Y, Nishigaki Y, Nozawa Y, Yamada Y (May 2009). "Association of candidate gene polymorphisms with chronic kidney disease in Japanese individuals with hypertension". Hypertension Research 32 (5): 411–8. doi:10.1038/hr.2009.22. PMID 19282863.
• Matsumoto K, Fujiwara Y, Nagai R, Yoshida M, Ueda S (Feb 2008). "Expression of two isozymes of acyl-coenzyme A: cholesterol acyltransferase-1 and -2 in clear cell type renal cell carcinoma". International Journal of Urology 15 (2): 166–70. doi:10.1111/j.1442-2042.2007.01947.x. PMID 18269457.
• Yao XM, Wang CH, Song BL, Yang XY, Wang ZZ, Qi W, Lin ZX, Chang CC, Chang TY, Li BL (Dec 2005). "Two human ACAT2 mRNA variants produced by alternative splicing and coding for novel isoenzymes". Acta Biochimica et Biophysica Sinica 37 (12): 797–806. doi:10.1111/j.1745-7270.2005.00118.x. PMID 16331323.
• Ohta T, Takata K, Katsuren K, Fukuyama S (Jun 2004). "The influence of the acyl-CoA:cholesterol acyltransferase-1 gene (-77G-->A) polymorphisms on plasma lipid and apolipoprotein levels in normolipidemic and hyperlipidemic subjects". Biochimica et Biophysica Acta 1682 (1-3): 56–62. doi:10.1016/j.bbalip.2004.01.008. PMID 15158756.
• Ruaño G, Bernene J, Windemuth A, Bower B, Wencker D, Seip RL, Kocherla M, Holford TR, Petit WA, Hanks S (Feb 2009). "Physiogenomic comparison of edema and BMI in patients receiving rosiglitazone or pioglitazone". Clinica Chimica Acta; International Journal of Clinical Chemistry 400 (1-2): 48–55. doi:10.1016/j.cca.2008.10.009. PMID 18996102.
• Jiang ZY, Jiang CY, Wang L, Wang JC, Zhang SD, Einarsson C, Eriksson M, Han TQ, Parini P, Eggertsen G (Jan 2009). "Increased NPC1L1 and ACAT2 expression in the jejunal mucosa from Chinese gallstone patients". Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 379 (1): 49–54. doi:10.1016/j.bbrc.2008.11.131. PMID 19071091.
• Ewing RM, Chu P, Elisma F, Li H, Taylor P, Climie S, McBroom-Cerajewski L, Robinson MD, O'Connor L, Li M, Taylor R, Dharsee M, Ho Y, Heilbut A, Moore L, Zhang S, Ornatsky O, Bukhman YV, Ethier M, Sheng Y, Vasilescu J, Abu-Farha M, Lambert JP, Duewel HS, Stewart II, Kuehl B, Hogue K, Colwill K, Gladwish K, Muskat B, Kinach R, Adams SL, Moran MF, Morin GB, Topaloglou T, Figeys D (2007). "Large-scale mapping of human protein-protein interactions by mass spectrometry". Molecular Systems Biology 3 (1): 89. doi:10.1038/msb4100134. PMC 1847948. PMID 17353931.

This article incorporates text from the United States National Library of Medicine, which is in the public domain.