ACTR2

ARP2 actin-related protein 2 homolog (yeast)
PDB rendering based on 1k8k.
Available structures PDB Ortholog search: PDBe, RCSB List of PDB id codes 1k8k​, 1tyq​, 1u2v​, 2p9i​, 2p9k​, 2p9l​, 2p9n​, 2p9p​, 2p9s​, 2p9u​
Identifiers
Symbols	ACTR2 ; ARP2
External IDs	OMIM: 604221 MGI: 1913963 HomoloGene: 4181 ChEMBL: 6090 GeneCards: ACTR2 Gene
Gene ontology Molecular function • structural constituent of cytoskeleton • ATP binding • actin filament binding Cellular component • cytoplasm • cytosol • Arp2/3 protein complex • focal adhesion • actin cytoskeleton • membrane • actin cap • cell projection • extracellular exosome Biological process • movement of cell or subcellular component • establishment or maintenance of cell polarity • small GTPase mediated signal transduction • axon guidance • asymmetric cell division • meiotic chromosome movement towards spindle pole • cytoplasmic transport • meiotic cytokinesis • Arp2/3 complex-mediated actin nucleation • Fc-gamma receptor signaling pathway involved in phagocytosis • cilium assembly • innate immune response • ephrin receptor signaling pathway • spindle localization Sources: Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs
Species	Human	Mouse
Entrez	10097	66713
Ensembl	ENSG00000138071	ENSMUSG00000020152
UniProt	P61160	P61161
RefSeq (mRNA)	NM_001005386	NM_146243
RefSeq (protein)	NP_001005386	NP_666355
Location (UCSC)	Chr 2: 65.23 – 65.27 Mb	Chr 11: 20.06 – 20.11 Mb
PubMed search

Actin-related protein 2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ACTR2 gene.^[1]

The specific function of this gene has not yet been determined; however, the protein it encodes is known to be a major constituent of the ARP2/3 complex. This complex is located at the cell surface and is essential to cell shape and motility through lamellipodial actin assembly and protrusion. Two transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene.^[2]

References

1. Welch MD, DePace AH, Verma S, Iwamatsu A, Mitchison TJ (Aug 1997). "The human Arp2/3 complex is composed of evolutionarily conserved subunits and is localized to cellular regions of dynamic actin filament assembly". J Cell Biol 138 (2): 375–84. doi:10.1083/jcb.138.2.375. PMC 2138188. PMID 9230079.
2. "Entrez Gene: ACTR2 ARP2 actin-related protein 2 homolog (yeast)".

Further reading

• Bearer EL, Prakash JM, Li Z (2002). "Actin dynamics in platelets.". Int. Rev. Cytol. 217: 137–82. doi:10.1016/S0074-7696(02)17014-8. PMC 3376087. PMID 12019562.
• Welch MD, Iwamatsu A, Mitchison TJ (1997). "Actin polymerization is induced by Arp2/3 protein complex at the surface of Listeria monocytogenes.". Nature 385 (6613): 265–9. doi:10.1038/385265a0. PMID 9000076.
• Winter D, Podtelejnikov AV, Mann M, Li R (1997). "The complex containing actin-related proteins Arp2 and Arp3 is required for the motility and integrity of yeast actin patches.". Curr. Biol. 7 (7): 519–29. doi:10.1016/S0960-9822(06)00223-5. PMID 9210376.
• Machesky LM, Reeves E, Wientjes F; et al. (1998). "Mammalian actin-related protein 2/3 complex localizes to regions of lamellipodial protrusion and is composed of evolutionarily conserved proteins.". Biochem. J. 328. ( Pt 1): 105–12. PMC 1218893. PMID 9359840.
• Machesky LM, Insall RH (1999). "Scar1 and the related Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein, WASP, regulate the actin cytoskeleton through the Arp2/3 complex.". Curr. Biol. 8 (25): 1347–56. doi:10.1016/S0960-9822(98)00015-3. PMID 9889097.
• Suetsugu S, Miki H, Takenawa T (1999). "Identification of two human WAVE/SCAR homologues as general actin regulatory molecules which associate with the Arp2/3 complex.". Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 260 (1): 296–302. doi:10.1006/bbrc.1999.0894. PMID 10381382.
• May RC, Hall ME, Higgs HN; et al. (1999). "The Arp2/3 complex is essential for the actin-based motility of Listeria monocytogenes.". Curr. Biol. 9 (14): 759–62. doi:10.1016/S0960-9822(99)80337-6. PMID 10421578.
• Loisel TP, Boujemaa R, Pantaloni D, Carlier MF (1999). "Reconstitution of actin-based motility of Listeria and Shigella using pure proteins.". Nature 401 (6753): 613–6. doi:10.1038/44183. PMID 10524632.
• Higgs HN, Blanchoin L, Pollard TD (1999). "Influence of the C terminus of Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein (WASp) and the Arp2/3 complex on actin polymerization.". Biochemistry 38 (46): 15212–22. doi:10.1021/bi991843. PMID 10563804.
• Carlier MF, Nioche P, Broutin-L'Hermite I; et al. (2000). "GRB2 links signaling to actin assembly by enhancing interaction of neural Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein (N-WASp) with actin-related protein (ARP2/3) complex.". J. Biol. Chem. 275 (29): 21946–52. doi:10.1074/jbc.M000687200. PMID 10781580.
• Weed SA, Karginov AV, Schafer DA; et al. (2000). "Cortactin localization to sites of actin assembly in lamellipodia requires interactions with F-actin and the Arp2/3 complex.". J. Cell Biol. 151 (1): 29–40. doi:10.1083/jcb.151.1.29. PMC 2189811. PMID 11018051.
• Prehoda KE, Scott JA, Mullins RD, Lim WA (2000). "Integration of multiple signals through cooperative regulation of the N-WASP-Arp2/3 complex.". Science 290 (5492): 801–6. doi:10.1126/science.290.5492.801. PMID 11052943.
• Marchand JB, Kaiser DA, Pollard TD, Higgs HN (2001). "Interaction of WASP/Scar proteins with actin and vertebrate Arp2/3 complex.". Nat. Cell Biol. 3 (1): 76–82. doi:10.1038/35050590. PMID 11146629.
• Zhao X, Yang Z, Qian M, Zhu X (2001). "Interactions among subunits of human Arp2/3 complex: p20-Arc as the hub.". Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 280 (2): 513–7. doi:10.1006/bbrc.2000.4151. PMID 11162547.
• Flanagan LA, Chou J, Falet H; et al. (2001). "Filamin A, the Arp2/3 complex, and the morphology and function of cortical actin filaments in human melanoma cells.". J. Cell Biol. 155 (4): 511–7. doi:10.1083/jcb.200105148. PMC 2198874. PMID 11706047.
• Robinson RC, Turbedsky K, Kaiser DA; et al. (2001). "Crystal structure of Arp2/3 complex.". Science 294 (5547): 1679–84. doi:10.1126/science.1066333. PMID 11721045.
• Gournier H, Goley ED, Niederstrasser H; et al. (2002). "Reconstitution of human Arp2/3 complex reveals critical roles of individual subunits in complex structure and activity.". Mol. Cell 8 (5): 1041–52. doi:10.1016/S1097-2765(01)00393-8. PMID 11741539.
• Li Z, Kim ES, Bearer EL (2002). "Arp2/3 complex is required for actin polymerization during platelet shape change.". Blood 99 (12): 4466–74. doi:10.1182/blood.V99.12.4466. PMC 3376088. PMID 12036877.

External links

• ACTR2 human gene location in the UCSC Genome Browser.
• ACTR2 human gene details in the UCSC Genome Browser.