AMY1A

Amylase, alpha 1A (salivary)
PDB rendering based on 1b2y.
Available structures PDB Ortholog search: PDBe, RCSB List of PDB id codes 1C8Q​, 1JXJ​, 1JXK​, 1MFU​, 1MFV​, 1NM9​, 1Q4N​, 1SMD​, 1XV8​, 1Z32​, 3BLK​, 3BLP​, 3DHP​
Identifiers
Symbols	AMY1A ; AMY1
External IDs	OMIM: 104700 MGI: 88020 HomoloGene: 133998 ChEMBL: 2478 GeneCards: AMY1A Gene
EC number	3.2.1.1
Gene ontology Molecular function • alpha-amylase activity • protein binding • metal ion binding Cellular component • extracellular space • extracellular exosome Biological process • carbohydrate metabolic process • digestion Sources: Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs
Species	Human	Mouse
Entrez	276	11722
Ensembl	ENSG00000237763	ENSMUSG00000074264
UniProt	P04745	P00687
RefSeq (mRNA)	NM_001008221	NM_001110505
RefSeq (protein)	NP_001008222	NP_001103975
Location (UCSC)	Chr 1: 103.66 – 103.66 Mb	Chr 3: 113.56 – 113.61 Mb
PubMed search

Alpha-amylase 1 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the AMY1A gene.^[1] This gene is found in many organisms, see Alpha-Amylase.

Amylases are secreted proteins that hydrolyze 1,4-alpha-glucoside bonds in oligosaccharides and polysaccharides, and thus catalyze the first step in digestion of dietary starch and glycogen. The human genome has a cluster of several amylase genes that are expressed at high levels in either salivary gland or pancreas. This gene encodes an amylase isoenzyme produced by the salivary gland. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants encoding the same protein.^[1]

References

1. "Entrez Gene: AMY1A amylase, alpha 1A; salivary".

Further reading

• Bank RA, Hettema EH, Arwert F; et al. (1991). "Electrophoretic characterization of posttranslational modifications of human parotid salivary alpha-amylase.". Electrophoresis 12 (1): 74–9. doi:10.1002/elps.1150120114. PMID 1710976.
• Groot PC, Mager WH, Henriquez NV; et al. (1991). "Evolution of the human alpha-amylase multigene family through unequal, homologous, and inter- and intrachromosomal crossovers.". Genomics 8 (1): 97–105. doi:10.1016/0888-7543(90)90230-R. PMID 2081604.
• Nishide T, Nakamura Y, Emi M; et al. (1986). "Primary structure of human salivary alpha-amylase gene.". Gene 41 (2–3): 299–304. doi:10.1016/0378-1119(86)90110-1. PMID 2423416.
• Davis MM, Hodes ME, Munsick RA; et al. (1986). "Pancreatic amylase expression in human pancreatic development". Hybridoma 5 (2): 137–45. doi:10.1089/hyb.1986.5.137. PMID 2424823.
• Handy DE, Larsen SH, Karn RC, Hodes ME (1987). "Identification of a human salivary amylase gene. Partial sequence of genomic DNA suggests a mode of regulation different from that of mouse, Amy1". Mol. Biol. Med. 4 (3): 145–55. PMID 2442579.
• Horii A, Emi M, Tomita N; et al. (1988). "Primary structure of human pancreatic alpha-amylase gene: its comparison with human salivary alpha-amylase gene". Gene 60 (1): 57–64. doi:10.1016/0378-1119(87)90213-7. PMID 2450054.
• Gumucio DL, Wiebauer K, Caldwell RM; et al. (1988). "Concerted evolution of human amylase genes". Mol. Cell. Biol. 8 (3): 1197–205. PMC 363264. PMID 2452973.
• Samuelson LC, Wiebauer K, Gumucio DL, Meisler MH (1988). "Expression of the human amylase genes: recent origin of a salivary amylase promoter from an actin pseudogene". Nucleic Acids Res. 16 (17): 8261–76. doi:10.1093/nar/16.17.8261. PMC 338557. PMID 2458567.
• Groot PC, Bleeker MJ, Pronk JC; et al. (1989). "The human alpha-amylase multigene family consists of haplotypes with variable numbers of genes". Genomics 5 (1): 29–42. doi:10.1016/0888-7543(89)90083-9. PMID 2788608.
• Pronk JC, Frants RR, Jansen W; et al. (1982). "Evidence of duplication of the human salivary amylase gene". Hum. Genet. 60 (1): 32–5. doi:10.1007/BF00281260. PMID 6176528.
• Zabel BU, Naylor SL, Sakaguchi AY; et al. (1984). "High-resolution chromosomal localization of human genes for amylase, proopiomelanocortin, somatostatin, and a DNA fragment (D3S1) by in situ hybridization". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 80 (22): 6932–6. doi:10.1073/pnas.80.22.6932. PMC 390100. PMID 6196780.
• Tricoli JV, Shows TB (1984). "Regional assignment of human amylase (AMY) to p22----p21 of chromosome 1". Somat. Cell Mol. Genet. 10 (2): 205–10. doi:10.1007/BF01534909. PMID 6608795.
• Nishide T, Emi M, Nakamura Y, Matsubara K (1984). "Corrected sequences of cDNAs for human salivary and pancreatic alpha-amylases [corrected]". Gene 28 (2): 263–70. doi:10.1016/0378-1119(84)90265-8. PMID 6610603.
• Seyama K, Nukiwa T, Takahashi K; et al. (1994). "Amylase mRNA transcripts in normal tissues and neoplasms: the implication of different expressions of amylase isogenes". J. Cancer Res. Clin. Oncol. 120 (4): 213–20. doi:10.1007/BF01372559. PMID 7507116.
• Ragunath C, Sundar K, Ramasubbu N (2002). "Expression, characterization, and biochemical properties of recombinant human salivary amylase". Protein Expr. Purif. 24 (2): 202–11. doi:10.1006/prep.2001.1559. PMID 11858714.
• Hokari S, Miura K, Koyama I; et al. (2002). "A restriction endonuclease assay for expression of human alpha-amylase isozymes". Clin. Chim. Acta 322 (1–2): 113–6. doi:10.1016/S0009-8981(02)00161-4. PMID 12104089.
• Furusawa M, Taira T, Iguchi-Ariga SM, Ariga H (2003). "AMY-1 interacts with S-AKAP84 and AKAP95 in the cytoplasm and the nucleus, respectively, and inhibits cAMP-dependent protein kinase activity by preventing binding of its catalytic subunit to A-kinase-anchoring protein (AKAP) complex". J. Biol. Chem. 277 (52): 50885–92. doi:10.1074/jbc.M206387200. PMID 12414807.
• Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH; et al. (2003). "Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 (26): 16899–903. doi:10.1073/pnas.242603899. PMC 139241. PMID 12477932.
• Ramasubbu N, Ragunath C, Mishra PJ (2003). "Probing the role of a mobile loop in substrate binding and enzyme activity of human salivary amylase". J. Mol. Biol. 325 (5): 1061–76. doi:10.1016/S0022-2836(02)01326-8. PMID 12527308.
• Kandra L, Gyémánt G, Remenyik J; et al. (2003). "Subsite mapping of human salivary alpha-amylase and the mutant Y151M". FEBS Lett. 544 (1–3): 194–8. doi:10.1016/S0014-5793(03)00495-2. PMID 12782315.