AMY2B

Amylase, alpha 2B (pancreatic)
PDB rendering based on 1b2y.
Available structures PDB Ortholog search: PDBe, RCSB List of PDB id codes 1b2y​, 1bsi​, 1c8q​, 1cpu​, 1hny​, 1jxj​, 1jxk​, 1kb3​, 1kbb​, 1kbk​, 1kgu​, 1kgw​, 1kgx​, 1mfu​, 1mfv​, 1nm9​, 1q4n​, 1smd​, 1u2y​, 1u30​, 1u33​, 1xcw​, 1xcx​, 1xd0​, 1xd1​, 1xgz​, 1xh0​, 1xh1​, 1xh2​, 1xv8​, 1z32​, 2cpu​, 3cpu​
Identifiers
Symbols	AMY2B ; AMY2; AMY3; HXA
External IDs	OMIM: 104660 HomoloGene: 134663 ChEMBL: 2477 GeneCards: AMY2B Gene
EC number	3.2.1.1
Gene ontology Molecular function • alpha-amylase activity • metal ion binding Cellular component • extracellular exosome Biological process • carbohydrate metabolic process • digestion Sources: Amigo / QuickGO
RNA expression pattern
More reference expression data
Orthologs
Species	Human	Mouse
Entrez	280	109959
Ensembl	ENSG00000240038	ENSMUSG00000074268
UniProt	P19961	P00688
RefSeq (mRNA)	NM_020978	NM_001042711
RefSeq (protein)	NP_066188	NP_001036176
Location (UCSC)	Chr 1: 103.55 – 103.58 Mb	Chr 3: 113.25 – 113.26 Mb
PubMed search

Alpha-amylase 2B is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the AMY2B gene.^[1][2]

Amylases are secreted proteins that hydrolyze 1,4-alpha-glucoside bonds in oligosaccharides and polysaccharides, and thus catalyze the first step in digestion of dietary starch and glycogen. The human genome has a cluster of several amylase genes that are expressed at high levels in either salivary gland or pancreas. This gene encodes an amylase isoenzyme produced by the pancreas.^[2]

References

1. Omichi K, Hase S (Jan 1994). "Identification of the characteristic amino-acid sequence for human alpha-amylase encoded by the AMY2B gene". Biochim Biophys Acta 1203 (2): 224–9. doi:10.1016/0167-4838(93)90087-8. PMID 8268204.
2. "Entrez Gene: AMY2B amylase, alpha 2B (pancreatic)".

Further reading

• Kaczmarek MJ, Rosenmund H (1977). "The action of human pancreatic and salivary isoamylases on starch and glycogen.". Clin. Chim. Acta 79 (1): 69–73. doi:10.1016/0009-8981(77)90462-4. PMID 890964.
• Groot PC, Mager WH, Henriquez NV; et al. (1991). "Evolution of the human alpha-amylase multigene family through unequal, homologous, and inter- and intrachromosomal crossovers.". Genomics 8 (1): 97–105. doi:10.1016/0888-7543(90)90230-R. PMID 2081604.
• Yokouchi H, Horii A, Emi M; et al. (1990). "Cloning and characterization of a third type of human alpha-amylase gene, AMY2B.". Gene 90 (2): 281–6. doi:10.1016/0378-1119(90)90191-S. PMID 2401405.
• Gumucio DL, Wiebauer K, Caldwell RM; et al. (1988). "Concerted evolution of human amylase genes.". Mol. Cell. Biol. 8 (3): 1197–205. PMC 363264. PMID 2452973.
• Samuelson LC, Wiebauer K, Gumucio DL, Meisler MH (1988). "Expression of the human amylase genes: recent origin of a salivary amylase promoter from an actin pseudogene.". Nucleic Acids Res. 16 (17): 8261–76. doi:10.1093/nar/16.17.8261. PMC 338557. PMID 2458567.
• Tomita N, Horii A, Doi S; et al. (1989). "A novel type of human alpha-amylase produced in lung carcinoid tumor.". Gene 76 (1): 11–8. doi:10.1016/0378-1119(89)90003-6. PMID 2701942.
• Groot PC, Bleeker MJ, Pronk JC; et al. (1989). "The human alpha-amylase multigene family consists of haplotypes with variable numbers of genes.". Genomics 5 (1): 29–42. doi:10.1016/0888-7543(89)90083-9. PMID 2788608.
• Groot PC, Bleeker MJ, Pronk JC; et al. (1988). "Human pancreatic amylase is encoded by two different genes.". Nucleic Acids Res. 16 (10): 4724. doi:10.1093/nar/16.10.4724. PMC 336663. PMID 3260028.
• Tricoli JV, Shows TB (1984). "Regional assignment of human amylase (AMY) to p22----p21 of chromosome 1.". Somat. Cell Mol. Genet. 10 (2): 205–10. doi:10.1007/BF01534909. PMID 6608795.
• Nagase T, Nakayama M, Nakajima D; et al. (2001). "Prediction of the coding sequences of unidentified human genes. XX. The complete sequences of 100 new cDNA clones from brain which code for large proteins in vitro.". DNA Res. 8 (2): 85–95. doi:10.1093/dnares/8.2.85. PMID 11347906.
• Aughsteen AA (2001). "A comparative immunohistochemical study on amylase localization in the rat and human exocrine pancreas.". Saudi medical journal 22 (5): 410–5. PMID 11376382.
• Koyama I, Komine S, Iino N; et al. (2001). "alpha-Amylase expressed in human liver is encoded by the AMY-2B gene identified in tumorous tissues.". Clin. Chim. Acta 309 (1): 73–83. doi:10.1016/S0009-8981(01)00501-0. PMID 11408008.
• Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH; et al. (2003). "Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences.". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 (26): 16899–903. doi:10.1073/pnas.242603899. PMC 139241. PMID 12477932.
• Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T; et al. (2004). "Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs.". Nat. Genet. 36 (1): 40–5. doi:10.1038/ng1285. PMID 14702039.
• Iafrate AJ, Feuk L, Rivera MN; et al. (2004). "Detection of large-scale variation in the human genome.". Nat. Genet. 36 (9): 949–51. doi:10.1038/ng1416. PMID 15286789.
• Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA; et al. (2004). "The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).". Genome Res. 14 (10B): 2121–7. doi:10.1101/gr.2596504. PMC 528928. PMID 15489334.