APOM

Apolipoprotein M
Rendering based on PDB 2WEW​.
Available structures PDB Ortholog search: PDBe, RCSB List of PDB id codes 2WEW​, 2WEX​, 2YG2​
Identifiers
Symbols	APOM ; G3a; HSPC336; NG20; apo-M
External IDs	OMIM: 606907 MGI: 1930124 HomoloGene: 10308 GeneCards: APOM Gene
Gene ontology Molecular function • lipid transporter activity • phospholipid binding • antioxidant activity Cellular component • extracellular region • integral component of plasma membrane • very-low-density lipoprotein particle • low-density lipoprotein particle • high-density lipoprotein particle • discoidal high-density lipoprotein particle • spherical high-density lipoprotein particle • extracellular exosome Biological process • retinoid metabolic process • phototransduction, visible light • response to glucose • cholesterol efflux • high-density lipoprotein particle remodeling • high-density lipoprotein particle assembly • high-density lipoprotein particle clearance • negative regulation of plasma lipoprotein particle oxidation • lipoprotein metabolic process • cholesterol homeostasis • reverse cholesterol transport Sources: Amigo / QuickGO
RNA expression pattern
More reference expression data
Orthologs
Species	Human	Mouse
Entrez	55937	55938
Ensembl	ENSG00000204444	ENSMUSG00000024391
UniProt	O95445	Q9Z1R3
RefSeq (mRNA)	NM_001256169	NM_018816
RefSeq (protein)	NP_001243098	NP_061286
Location (UCSC)	Chr 6: 31.65 – 31.66 Mb	Chr 17: 35.13 – 35.13 Mb
PubMed search

ApoM
Identifiers
Symbol	ApoM
Pfam	PF11032
Pfam clan	CL0116
InterPro	IPR022734
Available protein structures: Pfam structures PDB RCSB PDB; PDBe; PDBj PDBsum structure summary

Apolipoprotein M is a protein that in humans is encoded by the APOM gene.^[1][2][3]

The protein encoded by this gene is an apolipoprotein and member of the lipocalin protein family. It is found associated with high density lipoproteins and to a lesser extent with low density lipoproteins and triglyceride-rich lipoproteins. The encoded protein is secreted through the plasma membrane but remains membrane-bound, where it is involved in lipid transport. Two transcript variants encoding two different isoforms have been found for this gene, but only one of them has been fully characterized.^[3] The average molecular weight is 21253 Da, and the monoisotopic molecular weight is 21239 Da.

References

1. Xu N, Dahlback B (Dec 1999). "A novel human apolipoprotein (apoM)". J Biol Chem 274 (44): 31286–90. doi:10.1074/jbc.274.44.31286. PMID 10531326.
2. Duan J, Dahlback B, Villoutreix BO (Jun 2001). "Proposed lipocalin fold for apolipoprotein M based on bioinformatics and site-directed mutagenesis". FEBS Lett 499 (1–2): 127–32. doi:10.1016/S0014-5793(01)02544-3. PMID 11418126.
3. "Entrez Gene: APOM apolipoprotein M".

Further reading

• Albertella MR, Jones H, Thomson W; et al. (1997). "Localization of eight additional genes in the human major histocompatibility complex, including the gene encoding the casein kinase II beta subunit (CSNK2B)". Genomics 36 (2): 240–51. doi:10.1006/geno.1996.0459. PMID 8812450.
• Xu N, Zhang XY, Dong X; et al. (2002). "Effects of platelet-activating factor, tumor necrosis factor, and interleukin-1alpha on the expression of apolipoprotein M in HepG2 cells". Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 292 (4): 944–50. doi:10.1006/bbrc.2002.6755. PMID 11944906.
• Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH; et al. (2003). "Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 (26): 16899–903. doi:10.1073/pnas.242603899. PMC 139241. PMID 12477932.
• Zhang XY, Dong X, Zheng L; et al. (2003). "Specific tissue expression and cellular localization of human apolipoprotein M as determined by in situ hybridization". Acta Histochem. 105 (1): 67–72. doi:10.1078/0065-1281-00687. PMID 12666989.
• Mungall AJ, Palmer SA, Sims SK; et al. (2003). "The DNA sequence and analysis of human chromosome 6". Nature 425 (6960): 805–11. doi:10.1038/nature02055. PMID 14574404.
• Richter S, Shih DQ, Pearson ER; et al. (2004). "Regulation of apolipoprotein M gene expression by MODY3 gene hepatocyte nuclear factor-1alpha: haploinsufficiency is associated with reduced serum apolipoprotein M levels". Diabetes 52 (12): 2989–95. doi:10.2337/diabetes.52.12.2989. PMID 14633861.
• Xie T, Rowen L, Aguado B; et al. (2004). "Analysis of the Gene-Dense Major Histocompatibility Complex Class III Region and Its Comparison to Mouse". Genome Res. 13 (12): 2621–36. doi:10.1101/gr.1736803. PMC 403804. PMID 14656967.
• Zhang XY, Jiao GQ, Hurtig M; et al. (2005). "Expression pattern of apolipoprotein M during mouse and human embryogenesis". Acta Histochem. 106 (2): 123–8. doi:10.1016/j.acthis.2003.11.004. PMID 15147633.
• Kabbara A, Payet N, Cottel D; et al. (2004). "Exclusion of CYP46 and APOM as candidate genes for Alzheimer's disease in a French population". Neurosci. Lett. 363 (2): 139–43. doi:10.1016/j.neulet.2004.03.066. PMID 15172102.
• Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA; et al. (2004). "The Status, Quality, and Expansion of the NIH Full-Length cDNA Project: The Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC)". Genome Res. 14 (10B): 2121–7. doi:10.1101/gr.2596504. PMC 528928. PMID 15489334.
• Xu N, Nilsson-Ehle P, Ahrén B (2005). "Correlation of apolipoprotein M with leptin and cholesterol in normal and obese subjects". J. Nutr. Biochem. 15 (10): 579–82. doi:10.1016/j.jnutbio.2004.03.001. PMID 15542348.
• Luo G, Hurtig M, Zhang X; et al. (2005). "Leptin inhibits apolipoprotein M transcription and secretion in human hepatoma cell line, HepG2 cells". Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1734 (2): 198–202. doi:10.1016/j.bbalip.2005.02.005. PMID 15904876.
• Liu T, Qian WJ, Gritsenko MA; et al. (2006). "Human Plasma N-Glycoproteome Analysis by Immunoaffinity Subtraction, Hydrazide Chemistry, and Mass Spectrometry". J. Proteome Res. 4 (6): 2070–80. doi:10.1021/pr0502065. PMC 1850943. PMID 16335952.
• Niu N, Zhu X, Liu Y; et al. (2007). "Single nucleotide polymorphisms in the proximal promoter region of apolipoprotein M gene (apoM) confer the susceptibility to development of type 2 diabetes in Han Chinese". Diabetes Metab. Res. Rev. 23 (1): 21–5. doi:10.1002/dmrr.641. PMID 16572495.
• Christoffersen C, Nielsen LB, Axler O; et al. (2006). "Isolation and characterization of human apolipoprotein M-containing lipoproteins". J. Lipid Res. 47 (8): 1833–43. doi:10.1194/jlr.M600055-JLR200. PMID 16682745.
• Karlsson H, Lindqvist H, Tagesson C, Lindahl M (2006). "Characterization of apolipoprotein M isoforms in low-density lipoprotein". J. Proteome Res. 5 (10): 2685–90. doi:10.1021/pr060180x. PMID 17022639.
• Xu X, Ye Q, Xu N; et al. (2007). "Effects of ischemia-reperfusion injury on apolipoprotein M expression in the liver". Transplant. Proc. 38 (9): 2769–73. doi:10.1016/j.transproceed.2006.08.133. PMID 17112825.
• Ahnström J, Faber K, Axler O, Dahlbäck B (2007). "Hydrophobic ligand binding properties of the human lipocalin apolipoprotein M". J. Lipid Res. 48 (8): 1754–62. doi:10.1194/jlr.M700103-JLR200. PMID 17525477.

External links

• Applied Research on apoM