A Responsible Plan to End the War in Iraq

The cover of the Responsible Plan document

A Responsible Plan to End the War in Iraq is a 36-page plan created by a group of United States Democratic congressional candidates, retired military officers and national security professionals that outlines policy measures (consisting of bills currently before the United States Congress) that the candidates pledged to support in the 2008 elections.

The plan's stated proposals with respect to Iraq are: drawing down U.S. military involvement in Iraq, development of a permanent nation-building capability in the Department of State, a large infusion of foreign aid into Iraq, a transfer of responsibility to the international community through dialogue, addressing refugee issues, creation of an independent war crimes commission, and funding of education to improve the status of women.

With respect to American domestic politics, the proposals are to ban Presidential signing statements, require treatment in accordance with the Geneva Conventions and habeas corpus rights for all prisoners, allow potential surveillance targets to sue the government pre-emptively for injunctive relief, prohibit rendition, increase benefits for veterans, reduce defense contracting, and address energy issues.^[1]

Background

On March 20, 2003, the United States invaded Iraq leading a multinational coalition that included British troops as well as smaller contingents from Australia, Denmark, Poland, and other nations.^[2]

Since the beginning of the war there has been great debate about how it should end. The plan cites a number of facts and events as the foundation for its existence, including the following:

• In November 2006, voters elected a new Democratic Party majority in both the Senate and the House of Representatives in the 110th Congress, largely with the expectation that they would work to reduce or end American military involvement in Iraq.^[3]
• In December 2006 the Iraq Study Group (ISG), a ten-person bipartisan panel appointed on March 15, 2006 by Congress, released their final report. Also known as the Baker-Hamilton Commission, the ISG was charged with assessing the situation in Iraq and the US-led Iraq War and making policy recommendations. While President George W. Bush praised the ISG's efforts, he rejected many of its recommendations.^[4]
• In March 2007, General David Petraeus, Commanding General of the Multi-National Force in Iraq, claimed that there was "no military solution" in Iraq, and that political negotiations were crucial to forging any lasting peace.^[5]
• By March 2008, the number of U.S. military personnel killed in Iraq had reached 4,000,^[6] with many thousands more wounded, and an estimated hundreds of thousands of Iraqi casualties.^[7]
• Also by March 2008, the financial cost of the Iraq War to the United States had surpassed the half trillion dollar mark.^[8]

Germination

On August 27, 2007, President Bush made a fundraising visit to Bellevue, Washington in support of Washington's 8th congressional district Republican Representative Dave Reichert.^[9] In response, Reichert's main opponent, Democratic candidate Darcy Burner, organized a "virtual town hall" meeting to discuss the situation in Iraq.^[10] The town hall meeting was streamed live online and included testimonials from Ambassador Joe Wilson and retired Major General Paul Eaton, former Security Transition Commanding General in Iraq, and the participation of Jon Soltz, chairman of VoteVets.org, and retired Navy Captain Larry Seaquist, among others.^[11] In a statement following the event, Darcy Burner wrote:

On Monday morning before the town hall, I asked retired Major General Paul Eaton, who was in charge of rebuilding the Iraqi Army and security forces in Iraq from 2003-2004, if he would chair a group to create a responsible exit plan for Iraq, and he agreed.

Let me repeat: we will be creating a plan to end the war and bring our troops home. It's long past time.^[11]

Unveiling

On March 17, 2008 at the Take Back America conference^[12] in Washington, D.C., Darcy Burner (WA-08) was joined by five other congressional candidates Donna Edwards (MD-04), Chellie Pingree (ME-01), Tom Perriello (VA-05), Sam Bennett (PA-15) and Jared Polis (CO-02) for the unveiling^[13] of A Responsible Plan to End the War in Iraq, a 36-page document that was the culmination of the six-month effort.^[14]

Endorsers

In addition to the six candidates at the March 2008 unveiling and Eaton,^[15] the plan was also initially endorsed by candidates Eric Massa (NY-29), George Fearing (WA-04), Larry Byrnes (FL-14), and Steve Harrison (NY-13), as well as Dr. Lawrence Korb, former Assistant Secretary of Defense in the Reagan Administration, Capt. Larry Seaquist, former commander of the USS Iowa and former Acting Deputy Assistant Secretary of Defense for Policy Planning, and Brigadier General John Johns, specialist in counterinsurgency and nation-building.^[16] Two days after the initial unveiling, Rand Beers, a counterterrorism expert who served on the National Security Council under Presidents Ronald Reagan, George H. W. Bush and Bill Clinton added his endorsement.^[17] Within one week, the plan had received the endorsement of an additional 24 Democratic challengers, and as of July 2008 it had 58 House and Senate candidate endorsements, and over 50,000 individual endorsers.^[18]

Contents

Outline

The two main strategic questions the plan seeks to answer are:

• How to bring American military engagement in Iraq to a responsible end?
• How to prevent a repeat of mistakes that have been made?

The plan attempts to present a combined military, diplomatic, and economic strategy to end the war in Iraq. It cites various ISG recommendations and lists a number of existing, but stalled bills in Congress that address multiple areas of focus.

Objectives

The plan breaks down the areas of focus into several categories:

• Ending U.S. military action in Iraq.
  (per ISG recommendations 22, 40, 41 and 42)
• Increasing the use of U.S. diplomatic power and refocusing anti-terrorism measures.
  (per ISG recommendations 1 and 2)
• Addressing Iraqi economic reconstruction and regional humanitarian concerns.
• Restoring governmental transparency and accountability, and constitutional rights.
• Restoring the U.S. military and supporting veterans.
• Restoring independence to the media.
• Creating a new, U.S.-centered energy policy.
  (per ISG recommendation 23)

Iraq Study Group recommendations

In support of the stated objectives, the plan references seven recommendations from the final report of the Iraq Study Group.

RECOMMENDATION 1: The United States, working with the Iraqi government, should launch the comprehensive New Diplomatic Offensive to deal with the problems of Iraq and of the region.

RECOMMENDATION 2: The goals of the diplomatic offensive as it relates to regional players should be to:

1. Support the unity and territorial integrity of Iraq.
2. Stop destabilizing interventions and actions by Iraq's neighbors.
3. Secure Iraq's borders, including the use of joint patrols with neighboring countries.
4. Prevent the expansion of the instability and conflict beyond Iraq's borders.
5. Promote economic assistance, commerce, trade, political support, and, if possible, military assistance for the Iraqi government from non-neighboring Muslim nations.
6. Energize countries to support national political reconciliation in Iraq.
7. Validate Iraq's legitimacy by resuming diplomatic relations, where appropriate, and reestablishing embassies in Baghdad.
8. Assist Iraq in establishing active working embassies in key capitals in the region (for example, in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia).
9. Help Iraq reach a mutually acceptable agreement on Kirkuk.
10. Assist the Iraqi government in achieving certain security, political, and economic milestones, including better performance on issues such as national reconciliation, equitable distribution of oil revenues, and the dismantling of militias.

RECOMMENDATION 22: The President should state that the United States does not seek permanent military bases in Iraq. If the Iraqi government were to request a temporary base or bases, then the U.S. government could consider that request as it would in the case of any other government.

RECOMMENDATION 23: The President should restate that the United States does not seek to control Iraq's oil.

RECOMMENDATION 40: The United States should not make an open-ended commitment to keep large numbers of American troops deployed in Iraq.

RECOMMENDATION 41: The United States must make it clear to the Iraqi government that the United States could carry out its plans, including planned redeployments, even if Iraq does not implement its planned changes. America’s other security needs and the future of our military cannot be made hostage to the actions or inactions of the Iraqi government.

RECOMMENDATION 42: We should seek to complete the training and equipping mission by the first quarter of 2008, as stated by General George Casey on October 24, 2006.

Legislation

The plan categorizes fifteen bills that have been introduced in both the House or Senate during the 110th Congress that address the various objectives of the plan. Through February 2009, most of these have been referred to subcommittees, only three have been voted on in the House, and none have yet been enacted into law.

Objective Category	Bill / Bill Title	Current Status	Date Introduced	House Vote	Senate Vote	Date Enacted Into Law
Diplomacy / State Department Reform	H.R. 3797 New Diplomatic Offensive for Iraq Act	Referred to the House Committee on Foreign Affairs on October 10, 2007	October 10, 2007	--	--	--
Human Rights / Iraqi Refugees	H.R. 2265 Responsibility to Iraqi Refugees Act of 2007	Referred to the Subcommittee on Immigration, Citizenship, Refugees, Border Security, and International Law on June 25, 2007	May 10, 2007	--	--	--
	H.R. 3674 Iraqi Refugee and Internally Displaced Persons Humanitarian Assistance, Resettlement, and Security Act of 2007	Referred to the Subcommittee on Immigration, Citizenship, Refugees, Border Security, and International Law on November 2, 2007	September 26, 2007	--	--	--
Restoring The Constitution	H.R. 3045 Presidential Signing Statements Act of 2007	Referred to the Subcommittee on the Constitution, Civil Rights, and Civil Liberties on August 10, 2007	July 16, 2007	--	--	--
	H.R. 1416 Habeas Corpus Restoration Act of 2007	Referred to the Subcommittee on the Constitution, Civil Rights, and Civil Liberties on March 19, 2007	March 8, 2007	--	--	--
	S. 139 Foreign Surveillance Expedited Review Act	Referred to the Committee on the Judiciary on January 4, 2007	January 4, 2007	--	--	--
Military Integrity	H.R. 4102 Stop Outsourcing Security Act	Referred to the Committee on Foreign Affairs, and in addition to the Committees on Armed Services, and Intelligence (Permanent Select), for a period to be subsequently determined by the Speaker, in each case for consideration of such provisions as fall within the jurisdiction of the committee concerned, on November 7, 2007	November 7, 2007	--	--	--
	H.R. 400 War Profiteering Prevention Act of 2007	Placed on Senate Legislative Calendar under General Orders. Calendar No. 423 on October 17, 2007	January 11, 2007	Passed October 9, 2007: 375-3	--	--
	H.R. 1352 Torture Outsourcing Prevention Act	Referred to the House Committee on Foreign Affairs on March 6, 2007	March 6, 2007	--	--	--
	H.R. 2740 MEJA Expansion and Enforcement Act of 2007	Placed on Senate Legislative Calendar under General Orders. Calendar No. 413 on October 5, 2007	June 15, 2007	Passed October 4, 2007: 389-30	--	--
Veterans	H.R. 2247 Montgomery GI Bill for Life Act of 2007	Referred to the Subcommittee on Military Personnel on June 28, 2007	May 9, 2007	--	--	--
	H.R. 2874 Veterans' Health Care Improvement Act of 2007	Referred by Senate to the Committee on Veterans' Affairs on August 3, 2007	June 27, 2007	Passed July 30, 2007 on voice vote	--	--
	H.R. 2702 Post-9/11 Veterans Educational Assistance Act of 2007	Referred to the Subcommittee on Economic Opportunity, and the Subcommittee on Disability Assistance and Memorial Affairs on June 20, 2007	June 13, 2007	--	--	--
Media	S. 2332 Media Ownership Act of 2007	Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation. Reported by Senator Inouye with amendments on September 15, 2008	November 8, 2007	--	--	--
Energy	H.R. 2809 New Apollo Energy Act of 2007	Referred to the Subcommittee on Conservation, Credit, Energy, and Research on April 25, 2008	June 21, 2007	--	--	--

Views about the plan

The plan received national press and attention following its unveiling. Ilan Goldenberg, Policy Director at the National Security Network, writing in The New Republic, called it "thoughtful", "a good first step" and "welcome progress".^[19] Arianna Huffington at Huffington Post referred to it as "A Contract to Restore America".^[14] The plan was also mentioned on ABC's This Week with George Stephanopoulos. Katrina vanden Heuvel, publisher of the The Nation magazine, called the plan "responsible", saying "there are no military solutions". However, Political commentator Cokie Roberts stated that withdrawal from Iraq, one of the goals of the plan, would be "an irresponsible thing to do", claiming "Americans would prefer to win".^[20][21] There were also indications that, within the Democratic Party, the plan had some influence in the debate, with the plan cited on the House floor in 2008.^[22] and "helped focus" actions in the House according to Speaker Nancy Pelosi speaking about the plan and Burner's efforts in a June 2008 interview.^[23]

While the plan has received support from the liberal blogosphere and grassroots organizations, such as OpenLeft^[24] and Daily Kos,^[17] it has been panned and received criticism from Republicans in Congress and other conservative commentators. Dave Reichert, Congressman for Washington's 8th district said, through his spokesman, that he "believes military leaders on the ground – not candidates for political office – should make decisions about when and how to end the war".^[25] Reichert's spokesman also suggested that "it would be irresponsible to withdraw troops and then send U.S. money 'into a black hole.'"^[25]

References

1. The Plan
2. Schifferes, Steve (2003-03-18). "US Names Coalition of the Willing". BBC News. Retrieved 2008-07-04.
3. Nagourney, Adam; Thee, Megan (2006-11-02). "With Election Driven by Iraq, Voters Want New Approach". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 12 June 2008. Retrieved 2008-07-04.
4. "Bush rejects key proposals on Iraq". China Daily. 2006-12-08. Archived from the original on 2 June 2008. Retrieved 2008-07-04.
5. "General says Iraq talks critical". BBC News. 2007-03-08. Retrieved 2008-07-06. There is no military solution to a problem like that in Iraq, to the insurgency of Iraq
6. "US military Iraq toll hits 4,000". BBC News. 2008-03-24. Retrieved 2008-07-04.
7. "Iraq Coalition Casualty Count". Archived from the original on 2008-06-25. Retrieved 2008-07-05.
8. "The War in Iraq Costs". National Priorities Project. Archived from the original on 4 July 2008. Retrieved 2008-07-05.
9. "Bush makes quick fundraising stop in Bellevue". KOMO 4 News. 2007-08-27. Retrieved 2008-07-04.
10. Grygiel, Chris (2007-08-24). "Burner to stage "virtual" town hall to counter Bush visit". Seattle Post-Intelligencer. Retrieved 2008-07-04.
11. Burner, Darcy (2007-08-29). "People-powered politics is changing things". Daily Kos. Retrieved 2008-07-04.
12. Take Back America conference
13. Darcy Burner's speaks at Take America Back Conference. Washington, DC. 2008-03-17. Retrieved 2008-07-05.
14. Huffington, Arianna (2008-03-30). "A Responsible Plan to End the War". HuffingtonPost. Archived from the original on 12 June 2008. Retrieved 2008-07-04.
15. General Eaton for Take Back America Conference. March 2008. Archived from the original on 15 August 2008. Retrieved 2008-07-05.
16. Brig. Gen. John Johns for Take Back America Conference. March 2008. Archived from the original on 15 August 2008. Retrieved 2008-07-05.
17. "Five Years Later, A Responsible Plan to End the War". Daily Kos. 2008-03-19. Retrieved 2008-07-05.
18. "Responsible Plan and Mission Accomplished Day". OpenLeft. 2008-05-01. Retrieved 2008-07-05.
19. Goldenberg, Ilan (2008-04-02). "Leaving an Occupied Country Is Hard To Do". The New Republic. Retrieved 2008-07-05.
20. vanden Heuvel, Katrina; Roberts, Cokie; Stephanopoulos, George (2008-04-06). Responsible Plan on ABC's This Week (Television production). Washington, D.C.: ABC. Retrieved 2008-07-05.
21. Greenwald, Glenn (2008-04-07). "Cokie Roberts speaks out on the war on behalf of the American people". Salon.com. Archived from the original on 26 July 2008. Retrieved 2008-07-11.
22. Inslee on supplemental war spending bill (Television production). Washington, D.C. May 2008. Retrieved 2008-07-05.
23. Postman, David (2008-06-14). "House speaker sees bright future for Democrats". The Seattle Times. Archived from the original on 17 June 2008. Retrieved 2008-07-05.
24. "The Responsible Plan In Action". Open Left. 2008-04-01. Retrieved 2008-07-05.
25. Heffter, Emily (2008-03-18). "Burner's plan on Iraq signals war likely key issue in race". The Seattle Times. Archived from the original on 9 July 2008. Retrieved 2008-07-11.

External links

• A Responsible Plan to End the War in Iraq
• A Responsible Plan to End the War in Iraq full text (PDF)
• The Iraq Study Group Report full text (PDF)