Aasiaat

Aasiaat
Egedesminde

Coat of arms
Aasiaat

Location within Greenland

Coordinates: 68°42′35″N 52°52′10″W / 68.70972°N 52.86944°W / 68.70972; -52.86944Coordinates: 68°42′35″N 52°52′10″W / 68.70972°N 52.86944°W / 68.70972; -52.86944
State  Kingdom of Denmark
Constituent country  Greenland
Municipality Qaasuitsup
Founded 1759
Government[1]
  Mayor Ole Dorph (S)
Population (2014)
  Total 3,102[2]
Time zone WGT (UTC-3)
  Summer (DST) WGST (UTC-2)
Postal code 3950

Aasiaat or Ausiait, formerly Egedesminde, is a town in the Qaasuitsup municipality in western Greenland, located in the heart of Aasiaat Archipelago at the southern end of Disko Bay. With a population of 3,102 as of 2014,[2] it is Greenland's fifth-largest town.

Etymology

In Greenlandic, Aasiaat means "Spiders". The exact explanation for this is yet to be determined because of the lack of historical facts of the origin of the name. The most common assumption is that when the town was founded as a mere settlement, it was abundant with spiders. Like in the rest of Greenland, spiders are rarely seen in the town in modern times.

Aasiaat is sometimes referred to as the Town of the Whales,[3] since marine mammals such as whales and seals are a common sight.

History

Native peoples

Archaeological projects in the region have suggested human habitation in the region that includes Aasiaat as far back as the 5th millennium BC. The earliest modern settlers dated to around 1200; these were probably subsistence hunters. These inhabitants hunted harp seals and capelin (ammassaat) near Sydøst Bay in the spring. In the summer, they moved to Nassuttooq for reindeer and halibut. During autumn, the people of Disko Bay returned home to hunt small harp seals. In the winter, the bay froze over, and they hunted narwhals and Beluga whales. These early people designed and built their own kayaks and umiaks when the water freed up; in the winter, they used dogsleds.

Early history of Aasiaat

Icebergs stranded in the waterways of the Aasiaat archipelago, Greenland, near the Aasiaat harbor

The settlement that would become Aasiaat was founded in 1759 by Niels Egede, son of Hans Egede, a Norwegian missionary. Named Egedesminde Colony after him, it was located north of Nordre Strømfjord, and was 125 km south of Aasiaat's current location. The town was moved to its current site in 1763. Most villagers were whalers, and the smallpox germs they carried to the region ravaged the native population, especially during the 1770s.

Early 20th century

Aasiaat saw much growth in the first half of the 20th century.

Aasiaat in World War II

On May 3, 1940, a treaty signed in Godhavn allowed American relief airplanes bound for the British Isles to use Greenlandic, Icelandic, and Scottish airspace. A result of World War II was the fact that Denmark, under the control of Nazi Germany, could not freely send supplies to Greenland; this task fell to the United States and Canada. Supplies were stored near Aasiaat, and were then transferred to other towns of the region, such as Uummannaq and Sisimiut.

Post-War

Aasiaat has grown much since the war. A weather station was constructed in 1942 by the Americans. Cod, an economically popular fish since the 1930s, were caught and sent to a new factory to be salted and packed. Other businesses sprang up, accommodating to the resources and climate of the region. This boom reached its peak in the 1950s, when a power plant and telecommunications station were installed.

In 1998, a new landing strip was opened to the public (previously a heliport was the only aerial facility); it is near a shrimp processing factory. Today, almost 4,800 people live in Aasiaat and its neighboring settlement, Kangaatsiaq.

Geography

Icebergs in Disko Bay

The largest island of the Aasiaat Archipelago is Saqqarliup Nunaa, which is uninhabited, but has buildings to accommodate tourists. On the western tip of the island is the abandoned village of Manermiut. As of 2013 the total population of the archipelago is spread among three settlements:[2][4]

Another abandoned village is Vester Ejland on the namesake island, the westernmost of the archipelago, 29 km (18 mi) west-south-west of Aasiaat.

Population

With 3,102 inhabitants as of 2014, Aasiaat is the second-largest town in the Qaasuitsup municipality.[2] The population has fluctuated considerably over the last two decades, decreasing 3% relative to the 2001 levels but increasing more than 10% relative to the 2008 levels.[4]

Aasiaat population dynamics
Aasiaat population growth dynamics, 1991-2010. Source: Statistics Greenland[4]

Education

Aasiaat has four schools: a regular school (Gammeqarfik), a highschool (GU-Aasiaat), a vocational school (Piarersarfik),[5] and a school for the mentally disabled (Ado Lyngep Atuarfia).

Economy

Fishing of shrimp and crabs, shipbuilding, and tourism are the primary economic activities of the region. The archipelago area offers many services for tourists, including kayaking, cross-country skiing, dogsledding, and whale-watching.[6]

Transport

Main article: Aasiaat Airport

Aasiaat is a port of call for the Arctic Umiaq Line coastal ship and Diskoline.gl (domestic passenger ships for disko bay). Aasiaat harbour functions as well as a hub for regional shipping. The town is also served by Aasiaat Airport with direct connections to Ilulissat and other settlements in the country and Disko Bay region, as well as the Air Greenland hub in Kangerlussuaq. Air Iceland occasionally arrange charter flights for the travel industry.

Community events

Aasiaat has several recurrent events which engages most of the habitants and visitors. "Maaji-mi Peqqissuusa" (let's stay healthy in May) is an arrangement with focus on activities which will improve ones health and is based on volunteer organizers.

Aasiaat Midnightsun Marathon takes place in late June with different distances with start/finish in the townsquare with live music.

Nipiaa Rock Festival is usually a 3 day long concert with various musicians. It is known as the best musical event in Greenland. The Rock Festival takes place in the Sportshall at the end of August/beginning of September.

Climate

Climate data for Aasiaat, Greenland (1961-1990)
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Average high °C (°F) −10.2
(13.6)
−12.2
(10)
−12.8
(9)
−6.3
(20.7)
0.7
(33.3)
5.2
(41.4)
8.5
(47.3)
7.7
(45.9)
4.2
(39.6)
−0.4
(31.3)
−3.9
(25)
−7.2
(19)
−2.22
(28.01)
Average low °C (°F) −16.7
(1.9)
−19.1
(−2.4)
−19.9
(−3.8)
−13.4
(7.9)
−4.5
(23.9)
0.2
(32.4)
3.0
(37.4)
3.0
(37.4)
0.5
(32.9)
−4.2
(24.4)
−8.3
(17.1)
−12.7
(9.1)
−7.67
(18.18)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 16
(0.63)
16
(0.63)
18
(0.71)
20
(0.79)
18
(0.71)
24
(0.94)
27
(1.06)
34
(1.34)
37
(1.46)
29
(1.14)
37
(1.46)
26
(1.02)
302
(11.89)
Source: Danish Meteorological Institute[7]

References

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