Abovyan
Coordinates: 40°16′26″N 44°37′32″E / 40.27389°N 44.62556°E
| Abovyan Աբովյան | |
|---|---|
|
From top left: Surp Hovhannes Church • Abovyan and Mount Ara Statue of Khachatur Abovian • Russian-Armenian brotherhood memorial and the town hall General view of Abovyan | |
  Abovyan Աբովյան | |
| Coordinates: 40°16′26″N 44°37′32″E / 40.27389°N 44.62556°E | |
| Country |
 Armenia |
| Marz (province) | Kotayk |
| Founded | 1963 |
| Government | |
| • Mayor | Vahagn Gevorgyan |
| Area | |
| • Total | 11 km2 (4 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 1,450 m (4,760 ft) |
| Population (2011 census) | |
| • Total | 43,495 |
| • Density | 4,000/km2 (10,000/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC (UTC+4) |
| Area code(s) | (+374)222 |
| Website | Abovyan portal |
| Sources: Population[1] | |
Abovyan or Abovian (Armenian: Աբովյան), is a town in Armenia within the Kotayk Province. It is located 16 kilometres (10 miles) northeast of Yerevan and 32 kilometres (20 miles) southeast of the province centre Hrazdan. As of the 2011 census, the population of the town is 43,495, down from 59,000 reported at the 1989 census.
With a motorway and railway running through the city connecting Yerevan with the areas of the northeast, Abovyan is considered a satellite city of the Armenian capital. Therefore, Abovyan is generally known as the "northern gate of Yerevan".
The town of Abovyan covers an area of 11 square kilometres (4.2 square miles).
History
%2C_Ara_mountain_in_the_background.jpg)
During the excavations of 1960 led by historian Mesrop Smbatiants, the remains of a 2nd-mellennium BC Cyclopean fortress, an ancient cemetery and old shelters with several objects that represent the 3 stages of the Bronze Age were found in the area of Abovyan.[2]
Smbatiants also found an 8th-century BC Urartian cuneiform left by king Argishti I, referring to the conquest of the "land of Darani" (the pre-Urartian name of modern-day Abovyan area).
The excavations led by Smbatiants revealed that the area of modern-day Abovyan was inhabited starting from the end of the 4th century BC.
During the ancient Kingdom of Armenia, the western area of modern-day Abovyan was part of the "Kotayk" canton of Ayrarat province while the eastern area was part of "Mazaz" canton of the same province.
Between the 5th and 7th centuries AD, the region was granted to the Amatuni Armenian noble dynasty.
After the Seljuk invasion of Armenia, the area became to be known as Elar. According to the Armenian historian Stepanos Orbelian of the 13th century, Elar became part of the Zakarid Principality of Armenia under the protectorate of the Georgian Kingdom. The region of Elar was granted to prince Liparit Orbelian of the Orbelian Dynasty by prince Ivane I Zakarian.
By the beginning of the 16th century, Eastern Armenia fell under the Persian rule, and Elar became part of the Erivan Beglarbegi and later of the Erivan Khanate. After the Russian conquest of Armenia in 1828, Elar became part of the Armenian Oblast and subsequently of the Erivan Governorate formed in 1850.
The small village of Elar (currently part of Abovyan) remained the largest settlement in the area until 1961, when it was renamed Abovyan in honour of the Armenian writer Khachatur Abovian. 2 years later in 1963, the town of Abovyan was founded by the decision of the Soviet government, occupying the village of Elar and the surrounding areas.
The modern town was built in 1962–1963 on a plateau located between Hrazdan and Azat rivers. It has rapidly developed as an industrial centre within the Armenian SSR. The town was planned to include 8 residential neighbourhoods (locally known as micro-districts), and an industrial district.
Geography and climate
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Abovyan is built on Kotayk plateau between the rivers of Hrazdan, Azat and Getar at a height of 1450 meters above sea level. It is surrounded by Gutanasar volcano of Gegham mountains from the north, Mount Hatis from the east, the heights of Nork from the south, Hrazdan gorge from the west and Mount Ara from the northwest. and The climate is continental and dry with relatively hot summers and cold winters.
| Climate data for Abovyan | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Average high °F (°C) | 33.1 (0.6) |
35.6 (2) |
45.7 (7.6) |
57.7 (14.3) |
67.1 (19.5) |
75.2 (24) |
82.2 (27.9) |
81.7 (27.6) |
75.0 (23.9) |
63.3 (17.4) |
49.6 (9.8) |
37.8 (3.2) |
58.67 (14.82) |
| Average low °F (°C) | 16.7 (−8.5) |
18.9 (−7.3) |
27.3 (−2.6) |
36.5 (2.5) |
44.2 (6.8) |
50.5 (10.3) |
56.7 (13.7) |
56.5 (13.6) |
48.2 (9) |
39.6 (4.2) |
30.9 (−0.6) |
22.5 (−5.3) |
37.38 (2.98) |
| Average precipitation inches (mm) | 0.71 (18) |
0.87 (22.1) |
1.18 (30) |
1.81 (46) |
2.80 (71.1) |
2.09 (53.1) |
1.22 (31) |
0.98 (24.9) |
0.87 (22.1) |
1.34 (34) |
1.02 (25.9) |
0.71 (18) |
15.6 (396.2) |
Demographics
Population
More than 90% of the population are ethnic Armenians, mainly from the Armenian diaspora who were relocated from Syria, Iran and Lebanon during the 1960s.
Minor communities of Kurds, Yazidis, Russians and Assyrians are also found in the town.[3]
As of the 2011 census, Abovyan is the 5th-largest city in Armenia in term of population.
Here is the population timeline of Abovyan (note that the figures shown between 1873 and 1959 are related with the population of Elar village, now a neighborhood within Abovyan):
| Year | 1873 | 1897 | 1926 | 1939 | 1959 | 1970 | 1973 | 1976 | 1989 | 2001 | 2004 | 2011 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Population | 360 | 548 | 897 | 1,024 | 2,289 | 14,700 | 28,500 | 38,400 | 58,671 | 44,596 | 44,800 | 43,495 |
Religion
The majority of the population of Abovyan are Armenians who belong to the Armenian Apostolic Church.
The oldest standing church in the town is the Surp Stepanos church dating back to 1851. It remained closed since the Soviet days until 2010 when it was entirely renovated and reopened for the public on 28 November of the same year.
The other church of the town is the Saint John the Baptist Church opened in 2013 by the efforts of the Armenian businessman Gagik Tsarukyan. The architect of the church is Artak Ghulyan. It is one of the largest places of worship in Armenia.
There is a small Molokan Russian community in the town.
Culture
Abovyan has a cultural palace and a public library. The town is also home to a museum opened in 1982 and dedicated to the brotherhood and friendship between the Armenian and Russian nations.
The Abovyan day is celebrated every year in mid October.[4]
Transportation
Being approximately located in northeastern Yerevan, Abovyan is connected with capital city with buses and minibuses that are in service 24 hours a day. The H-1 Road connects Abovyan with Yerevan, while the M-4 Motorway connects the town with the rest of Armenia.
Economy
Abovyan was founded by the Soviets as an industrial town. It used to have many large industrial firms until the fall of the Soviet Union, including a concrete factory, a stone-processing plant and a chemicals factory.
Currently, the town is home to the largest brewery in Armenia, known as Kotayk Brewery, founded in 1974. The factory is owned by Gagik Tsarukyan's Multi Group Holding and produces a variety of lager beer under the brands Kotayk, Erebuni and Abovyan's Tshani.[5] Other industrial firm operating in the town include the Abovyan cannery and soft drinks plant, and the "Tamara" factory for dairy products.
Education
As of 2015, Abovyan has 10 public education schools, 9 kindergartens and 2 state intermediate colleges. It is also home to the Abovyan University named after Levon Orbeli.
2 major science institutions and research centres are located in Abovyan: the Republican Hospital of tuberculosis, and the Institute of Biological Microbes of the Armenian National Academy of Sciences.
Many cultural centres operate in the city, such as the cultural palace of Abovyan, the community creative centre for children and teenagers, the musical school, the art school, the public library and the museum of Abovyan.
Sport
FC Kotayk founded in 1955, is one of the oldest football clubs in Armenia who represented Abovyan until 2005. Like many other football clubs in the country, FC Kotayk was forced to default from the Armenian football league and consequently from professional football in 2005, due to financial difficulties.
The short-lived King Delux FC represented the town in a single season of the Armenian First League in 2012–13 before going defunct.
The town has the Abovyan City Stadium with a capacity of 3,946 seats. The sports academy of the town is operated by the town council.
International relations
Twin towns – Sister cities
Abovyan is twinned with:
Villeurbanne, Rhône-Alpes, France (since 1990)
References
- ↑ Kotayk population. armstat.am
- ↑ Union of Communities of Armenia:Abovyan (Kotayk) Archived 24 January 2011 at WebCite
- ↑ Abovyan city:Kurdish Community of Abovyan city Archived 24 January 2011 at WebCite
- ↑ Abovyan festivals. panorama.am (2015-10-02)
- ↑ Kotayk Brewery:History Archived 24 January 2011 at WebCite
External links
Media related to Abovyan at Wikimedia Commons
