Abraham E. Lefcourt

Abraham E. Lefcourt
Born	Abraham Elias Lefkowitz 1877 Birmingham, England
Died	1932 (aged 54–55) Manhattan, New York
Nationality	United States
Ethnicity	Jewish
Occupation	Real estate developer
Spouse(s)	Irma Viola Castleberg
Children	Mildred Audrey Lefcourt Alan Elias Lefcourt (deceased)

Abraham E. Lefcourt (1877–1932),^[1] better known as A.E. Lefcourt, was a prominent real estate developer in New York City in the 1920s. All but forgotten today, in his lifetime Lefcourt was known as one of the city's most prolific developers of Art Deco buildings.^[2] Describing Lefcourt in a 1930 newspaper article, The New York Times said, "No other individual or building organization has constructed in its own behalf as many buildings as are in the Lefcourt Group." ^[3]

Early life

Lefcourts was born Abraham Elias Lefkowitz March 27, 1876 to Russian-Jewish immigrants in Birmingham, England.^[4] His family immigrated to New York's Lower East Side in 1882 where Lefcourt grew-up in a predominantly Jewish and poor community.

Career

Lefcourt began his career as a newsboy and bootblack. He became a prominent figure in the New York garment industry when he assumed control of his employer's wholesale business. His forays into real-estate began in 1910 with a 12-story loft on West 25th Street. He built many more structures in the area, heralding the beginnings of the new Garment Center.

An entrepreneur, Lefcourt had numerous other business interests, including founding Lefcourt Normandie National Bank, which eventually became a part of JP Morgan Chase.^[5][6]

Notwithstanding his success and a net worth reported to have been as much as $100 million in 1928,^[7] Lefcourt's empire began to unravel during the Depression, with his company going into foreclosure and his buildings being auctioned off.^[8] In 1932, with creditors pursuing him and others accusing him of fraud, Lefcourt suffered a heart attack in his Savoy-Plaza Hotel apartment and died at the age of 55.^[9]

Personal life

He married Irma Viola Castleberg (1885–1949). The couple began using the surname Lefcourt around 1900 but did not officially adopt the name until 1909.^[10] The Lefcourts had two children: Mildred Audrey, born in 1908, and Alan Elias, born in 1913. Lefcourt constructed the Brill Building in part as a memorial to his son Alan Elias who died of anemia in February 1930. ^[11] Lefcourt himself died in November 1932 at the Savoy Hotel, leaving an estate of only $2,500. ^[12] Mrs. Lefcourt died in 1949 at Nantucket, MA; she was at the time of her death listed as a resident of the Savoy-Plaza Hotel.

Buildings

Among Lefcourt's more notable real estate development projects:

• Brill Building, 1619 Broadway, New York, NY ^[13]
• Lefcourt Newark Building/Raymond Commerce Building, 1172-1182 Raymond Boulevard, Newark, NJ Now known as Eleven-Eighty. ^[14]
• Lefcourt Clothing Center, 275 Seventh Avenue, New York, NY ^[15]
• Lefcourt Colonial Building, 295 Madison Avenue, New York, NY ^[16][17]
• Lefcourt Empire Building, 989 Avenue of the Americas, New York, NY ^[18]
• Lefcourt Madison Building, 16 East 34th Street, New York, NY ^[19]
• Lefcourt Manhattan Building, 1412 Broadway, New York, NY ^[20]
• Lefcourt National Building, 521 Fifth Avenue, New York, NY, designed by Shreve, Lamb and Harmon ^[21]
• Lefcourt Normandie Building, 1384 Broadway, New York, NY ^[22]
• Lefcourt State Building, 1375 Broadway, New York, NY ^[23]

Notes

1. Time magazine: "A.E. Lefcourt"
2. The City Review: Madison Avenue
3. NY Times: "Abraham Lefcourt"
4. World War I Selective Service System Draft Registration Cards, 1917-1918. (M1509 ed.). Washington DC: National Archives and Records Administration. p. 4,582 rolls.
5. NY Times: "A.E. Lefcourt Bank Formally Opened"
6. Scripophily: Lefcourt Normandie National Bank
7. NY Times: "A.E. Lefcourt"
8. NY Times: "Auction of Lefcourt National Building"
9. NY Times: A.E. Lefcourt Obituary
10. Kobrin, Rebecca (Aug 20, 2012). Chosen Capital: The Jewish Encounter with American Capitalism. Rutgers University Press. p. 73.
11. Gray, Christopher (December 30, 2009). "Built With a Broken Heart". New York Times. Retrieved 26 June 2014.
12. "AE Lefcourt Left $2500, No Realty; Builder of 20 Skyscrapers". New York Times. December 15, 1932.
13. Brill Building
14. VirtualNewarkNJ.com
15. NY Times: "Streetscapes"
16. Time magazine: "Unfreezing Assets"
17. Skyscraperpage.com: Lefcourt Colonial Building
18. Skyscraperpage.com: Lefcourt Empire Building
19. Skyscraperpage.com: Lefcourt Madison Building
20. Skyscraperpage.com: Lefcourt Manhattan Building
21. Emporis- Lefcourt National Building,
22. Skyscraperpage.com: Lefcourt Normandie Building
23. Skyscraperpage.com: Lefcourt State Building

Sources

• "Historic Preservation Studio 1999" at the Wayback Machine (archived March 6, 2008), Columbia University, Graduate School of Architecture, Planning and Preservation] (archived 2008)