Abul Qasim Husayn ibn Ruh al-Nawbakhti

This article is about Abul Qasim Husayn ibn Ruh Nawbakhti. For other people called Nawbakhti, see Al-Nawbakhti.

Abul Qasim Husayn ibn Ruh Nawbakhti (d.937-38AD)[1] was the third of The Four Deputies appointed by twelfth and final Imam, Muhammad al-Mahdi, while he was in the Minor Occultation.[2][3] He was native of Qum and migrated to Baghdad in time of Uthman ibn Sa'id al-Asadi, first deputy. Al‑Nawbakhti was companion of second deputy, Abu Jafar Muhammad ibn Uthman, and became as his agent for several years.[4] After death of al-Nawbakhti, Abul Hasan Ali ibn Muhammad al-Samarri was appointed as the fourth deputy of Muhammad al-Mahdi.[5]

Biography

The date of birth of Husayn ibn Ruh al-Nawbakhti is not known.[4] He was native of Qum,Iran, and migrated to Baghdad,Iraq in time of Uthman ibn Sa'id al-Asadi,the first deputy, also he was a member of al-Nawbakhti family who had the high position amongst Banu Abbas.[4][6]

Before his deputyship

In the during of Imamah of Hasan al-Askari, the eleventh Imam of Shias, Abul Qasim Husayn ibn Ruh al-Nawbakhti was one of the his companions [7] also he was one of the companions and supporter of Abu Jafar Muhammad ibn Uthman, the second deputy of Muhammad al-Mahdi.[7] Furthermore,during the period of the deputy of Muhhamd ibn Uthman,Husayn ibn Ruh was his agent amongst the Shias and was the connection link between second deputy and another Shia leaders.[8]

His selection

Under the direction of Muhammad al-Mahdi, Husayn ibn Ruh was appointed as the third special deputy by Muhammad ibn Uthman.[9] About three years before death of Muhammad ibn Uthman, for preparing the Shia community for acceptance Husayn ibn Ruh as the third deputy, Ibn Uthman had started directing some of the Shias that were bringing Khums and other religious funds for Muhammad al-Mahdi to Husain ibn Rauh.[7] When Muhammad ibn Uthman was about to die, he introduced Husayn ibn Ruh as the his successor.[10] When he became ill seriously, a group of Shia elite went to see him. They asked him about the next deputy. He answered them: "Husayn b. Ruh is my successor and the trusted deputy of the Master of the Age. Refer to him in your affairs. I have been commanded by the Imam to designate Husayn b. Ruh in the position of deputyship."[11]

The first Tawqee from Muhammad al-Mahdi

After the selection of al-Nawbakhti as the third deputy of final Imam of Shia, the first Tawqee,the letters that were signed by the Twelve Imams, from Muhammad al-mahdi received him on Sunday, 917 AD (6th of Shawwal, 305 A.H). In this Tawqee is came: "We know (Husain b. Rauh), may Allah confer all His Goodness and Pleasure on him and bestow His Bounties on him. We are aware of his letter, which is the cause of our reliance and certainty (upon him). We deem him meritorious, which makes him happy. May Allah increase His Favours and Goodness on him."[12][7]

Death

Husayn ibn Ruh was the deputy of Muhammad al-Mahdi amongst Shias about 21 year. finally, he died in 937-38AD (18 Sha'ban 326 A.H). His body was buried in Baghdad.[7][8]

See also

References

  1. ↑ Sachedina, Abdulaziz Abdulhussein (1981). Islamic messianism: the idea of Mahdī in twelver Shīʻism. Albany: State University of New York Press. ISBN 0-87395-442-4.
  2. ↑ ʻAbd al-Hādī Ḥāʼirī (1977). Shīʿīsm and Constitutionalism in Iran: A Study of the Role Played by the Persian Residents of Iraq in Iranian Politics. Brill Archive. p. 58. ISBN 90-04-04900-2.
  3. ↑ Compendium of Shi'i Pilgrimage Prayers: Vol.6- General Visitation Prayers: Jami‘ al-Ziyarat al-Ma‘sumin. MIU Press. 30 October 2013. p. 376. ISBN 978-1-907905-18-6.
  4. 1 2 3 Hussain, Jassim M. The Occultation of the Twelfth Imam (A Historical Background). Muhammadi Trust of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.
  5. ↑ Michael M. J. Fischer (15 July 2003). Iran: From Religious Dispute to Revolution. Univ of Wisconsin Press. p. 252. ISBN 978-0-299-18473-5.
  6. ↑ Moojan Momen. Shi'I Islam: A Beginner's Guide. Oneworld Publications.
  7. 1 2 3 4 5 Association of Imam Mahdi. Husain b. Rauh (r.a.) During the Period of the 2nd Special Deputy.
  8. 1 2 Zahra Ra'isi (2013). "The Special Deputies of Imam Mahdi (as)" (PDF). Message of Thaqalayn 14 (1): 80.
  9. ↑ S.M.R. Shabbar. Story of the Holy Ka’aba And its People. Muhammadi Trust of Great Britain.
  10. ↑ Mohammed Raza Dungersi. A Brief Biography of Imam Muhammad bin Hasan (a.s.): al-Mahdi. Bilal Muslim Mission. pp. 19–21.
  11. ↑ Ebrahim Amini, Abdulaziz Sachedina. Al-Imam al-Mahdi, The Just Leader of Humanity. Ansariyan Publications – Qum.
  12. ↑ Shaikh Tusi. Al-Ghaybah. p. 372.
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