Actinobacillus suis

Actinobacillus suis
Actinobacillus suis
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Bacteria
Phylum: Proteobacteria
Class: Gammaproteobacteria
Order: Pasteurellales
Family: Pasteurellaceae
Genus: Actinobacillus
Brumpt 1910
Species: Actinobacillus suis
Actinobacillus suis colonies on the blood agar.

Actinobacillus suis is a beta-haemolytic, Gram-negative bacterium of the Pasteurellaceae family.

The bacterium has many strains and is the pathogen responsible for Actinobacillosis in pigs of all ages. It can also infect wild birds, domestic ruminants, dogs, cats and horses.

The organism can be found in the respiratory tract and tonsils of both infected and healthy pigs that act as carriers. Transmission is via the respiratory tract and piglets are usually infected early on in life.

Herds with a high health status are more at risk and outbreaks can be explosive.

Clinical Signs and Diagnosis

Affected piglets can develop septicaemia, multifocal infections, respiratory signs, and may die.

Adult pigs may show signs relating to pneumonia, lethargy, anorexia, skin lesions similar to Erysipelas and sudden death.

Diagnosis relies on the culture of sampled tissues to isolate the organism.

Signs and necropsy findings may mimic diseases such as: Erysipelas, Glasser's Disease, Streptococcus suis and Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae.

Treatment and control

Antibiotics such as ceftiofur, gentamicin and trimethoprim/sulfadiazine are effective in treating the disease if diagnosis is rapid enough.

Biosecurity measures should be strictly followed in herds, including adequate quarantine time, testing and disinfection protocols.

References

This article is issued from Wikipedia - version of the Friday, February 05, 2016. The text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution/Share Alike but additional terms may apply for the media files.