Acute eosinophilic leukemia

Acute eosinophilic leukemia
Classification and external resources
Specialty	Hematology and oncology
ICD-O	M9880/3
MeSH	D015472

Acute eosinophilic leukemia (AEL) is a rare subtype of acute myeloid leukemia with 50 to 80 percent of eosinophilic cells in the blood and marrow. It can arise de novo or may develop in patients having the chronic form of a hypereosinophilic syndrome. Patients with acute eosinophilic leukemia have a propensity for developing bronchospasm and heart failure from endomyocardial fibrosis. Hepatomegaly and splenomegaly are more common than in other variants of AML.

Diagnosis

A specific histochemical reaction, cyanide-resistant peroxidase, permits identification of leukemic blast cells with eosinophilic differentiation and diagnosis of acute eosinoblastic leukemia in some cases of AML with few identifiable eosinophils in blood or marrow.

Treatment and prognosis

Acute eosinophilic leukemia is treated as other subtypes of AML. Response to treatment is approximately the same as in other types of AML.

References

Williams Hematology, McGraw-Hill, 7th ed, 2005.

Myeloid hematological malignancy/leukemia histology (ICD-O 9590–9989, C81–C96, 200–208)

CFU-GM/
and other granulocytes

CFU-GM

Myelocyte

AML:	Acute myeloblastic leukemia M0 M1 M2 APL/M3

MP	Chronic neutrophilic leukemia

Monocyte

AML	AMoL/M5 Myeloid dendritic cell leukemia

CML	Philadelphia chromosome Accelerated phase chronic myelogenous leukemia

Myelomonocyte

AML	M4

MD-MP	Juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia Chronic myelomonocytic leukemia

Other

Histiocytosis

CFU-Baso

AML	Acute basophilic

CFU-Eos

AML	Acute eosinophilic

MP	Chronic eosinophilic leukemia/Hypereosinophilic syndrome

MEP

CFU-Meg

AML	AMKL/M7

MP	Essential thrombocytosis

CFU-E

AML	Erythroleukemia/M6

MP	Polycythemia vera

MD	Refractory anemia Refractory anemia with excess of blasts Chromosome 5q deletion syndrome Sideroblastic anemia Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria Refractory cytopenia with multilineage dysplasia

CFU-Mast

Mastocytoma	Mast cell leukemia Mast cell sarcoma Systemic mastocytosis

Mastocytosis:	Diffuse cutaneous mastocytosis Erythrodermic mastocytosis Adult type of generalized eruption of cutaneous mastocytosis Urticaria pigmentosa Mast cell sarcoma Solitary mastocytoma

Systemic mastocytosis	Xanthelasmoidal mastocytosis

Multiple/unknown

AML	Acute panmyelosis with myelofibrosis Myeloid sarcoma

MP	Myelofibrosis Acute biphenotypic leukaemia

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