Adrenergic nervous system

Adrenergic system or Adrenergic nervous system (ANS) is a group of organs and nerves in which adrenaline and/or norepinephrine are as neurotransmitters. ANS is counted as one of the main neurohormonal systems regulate cardiovascular function, including smooth muscle tone.^[1]

Components

Peripherial adrenergic nervous system consists of three main following components:^[2]

• The sympathetic nervous system (SNS) comprises the autonomic outflow from the thoracic and high lumbar segments of the spinal cord;
• The parasympathetic nervous system (PNS) includes the outflow from the cranial nerves and the low lumbar and sacral spinal cord
• The enteric nervous system (ENS) are intrinsic neurons in the wall of the gut.

References

1. Lymperopoulos A, Rengo G, Koch WJ (2013). "Adrenergic nervous system in heart failure: pathophysiology and therapy". Circulation Research 113: 739–753. doi:10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.113.300308.
2. Scanzano A, Cosentino M (2015). "Adrenergic regulation of innate immunity: a review". Front. Pharmacol. doi:10.3389/fphar.2015.00171.