Agafya Grushetskaya

Agafya Semyonovna Grushetskaya (Russian: Агафья Семёновна Грушецкая) (Birth 1663, died 14 July 1681) was a Russian noble, Tsaritsa of Russia as the first spouse of Tsar Feodor III of Russia and hails from the Grushetsky family.

Biography

She was a daughter of Semyon Fyodorovich Grushetsky (voivode, boyard and noble) and his spouse Mariya Ivanovna Zaborovskaya. She could speak and write Polish, French and Latin and was well informed about the Western European life style. She could also play harpsichord. She was described as beautiful as "an angels of heaven", with an easy going character. From 1677, she lived with her uncle, Semyon Zaborovsky, who did not wish her to marry. In 1680, Feodor saw her during a religious procession: when she fainted after the sight of a witch in a religious theatre play, he rushed forward to support her, and fell in love with her. Aware that her uncle did not wish her to marry, a traditional summon was proclaimed to all unmarried noble women to gather for Feodor to choose from, and he chose her.

On 18 July 1680, she married Feodor. Agafya shared the radical views of her spouse. She opposed the influence of the Miloslavsky party, led by her husband's mother and sister, and supported Likhachev. Her husband's relative Ivan Iljitj Miloslavskii exposed her to slander, which caused a conflict, and was punished by Feodor. Her sisters were married to princes and her cousins were raised in rank by Feodor. Agafya has been described as an angelic tsarina, merciful and loyal to Feodor and the public's welfare. She was the first to advocate beard-shaving and the adoption of Western clothes at the Russian court. She herself was the first tsarina to expose her hair and to wear a Western (Polish) dress.

On 11 July 1681, the Tsarina gave birth to her son, Tsarevich Ilya Fyodorovich, the expected heir to the throne. Agafya died as a consequence of the childbirth three days later, on 14 July, and six days later, on 21 July, the nine-days-old Tsarevich also died. She was reportedly deeply mourned by Feodor.

References

• Журнал «Наука и жизнь», № 1 2007 г. — Вознесенский некропль Кремля. (Доктор исторических наук Т. Панова, Н. Синицина, реставратор).
• Л. Жданов. «Пётр и Софья» (роман).
• Биография.ру — биографическая энциклопедия (Феодор Алексеевич).
• Красницкий А. И. (псевдоним — А. Лавинцев). «Царица-полячка» (роман). 1902 г.
• Валерий Ярхо. «Друг царя, государственный преступник…»
• Сахаров А. “Пётр I (Династия Романовых)”