Alice Heine

Alice Heine
Alice Heine (c. 1890)
Princess consort of Monaco
Reign	30 October 1889 – 26 June 1922
Born	10 February 1858 New Orleans, Louisiana, United States
Died	22 December 1925 (aged 67) Paris, France
Burial	Père Lachaise Cemetery
Spouse	Marie Odet Armand Aimable Chapelle de Jumilhac, 7th Duke of Richelieu & Fronsac (m.1875) Albert I, Prince of Monaco (m.1889)
Issue	Armand Chapelle de Jumilhac, 8th Duke of Richelieu & Fronsac Odile Chapelle de Jumilhac, Princess de La Rochefoucauld
Full name Marie Alice Heine
Father	Michel Heine
Mother	Amélie Marie Miltenberger

Alice Heine (February 10, 1858 – December 22, 1925), styled HSH The Princess of Monaco, and also The Duchess of Richelieu, was the American-born second wife of Prince Albert I of Monaco, a great-grandfather of Prince Rainier III of Monaco, and great-great grandfather of reigning prince Albert II of Monaco. Marcel Proust used her as a model for the Princesse de Luxembourg in In Search of Lost Time. Her first husband was the Duke de Richelieu and one of the titles of her second husband was the Duke de Mazarin; she was thus unique in bearing the titles of both Cardinal Richelieu and Cardinal Mazarin.

Biography

She was born Marie Alice Heine at 900 Rue Royale, in the French Quarter of New Orleans, Louisiana. Her French father, Michel Heine, was a scion of a prominent German-rooted Berlin and Paris banking Jewish family. His brother was Armand Heine, and both were cousins of poet Heinrich Heine. He was born in Bordeaux, France, and moved to New Orleans in 1843, and become a successful financier and real-estate developer. Her mother was Amélie Marie Céleste Miltenberger, daughter of Joseph Alphonse Miltenberger, an architect of French Alsatian descent; her family had built three interconnected Miltenberger mansions on Rue Royale.

She has two younger brothers, Paul Henri and Isaac Georges.

The American Civil War sent the family back to France, where the teenaged Alice's youth and beauty and her family's wealth, made a great impression in Parisian society. A & M Heine, her father's firm, helped finance Napoleon III’s war with Prussia.

Jewish by birth, Alice converted to Roman Catholicism when she married her first husband, Marie Odet Armand Aimable Chapelle de Jumilhac, Marquis of Jumilhac, 7th Duke of Richelieu and of Fronsac, on February 27, 1875 in Paris. They had one son and one daughter.

• Marie Odet Jean Armand Chapelle de Jumilhac (Paris, December 21, 1875 - New York City, June 30, 1952). He became the 8th and last Duke of Richelieu and of Fronsac and Marquis of Jumilhac on the death of his father on June 28, 1880, in Athens. In 1913, he married Eleanor Douglas Wise (1890-1972), of Maryland, United States, daughter of John Sergeant Wise. Without issue.^[1]
• Odile Marie Auguste Septimanie Chapelle de Jumilhac (La Ferté-Bernard, August 30, 1879 - Monaco, August 3, 1974). In 1905, by marriage with Gabriel Marie François Hippolyte Ferri Eugène de La Rochefoucauld (1875-1942), she first became Countess de La Rochefoucauld and later Princess de La Rochefoucauld (Kingdom of Bavaria). They had a daughter, Anne Alice Elisabeth Amélie de La Rochefoucauld (1906-1980), who married twice and had no issue.^[2]

Alice's second marriage, to Prince Albert I of Monaco, Sovereign Prince of Monaco, occurred on October 30, 1889. The prince, whose first wife had been a daughter of a Scottish Duke, was an oceanographer and during his long journeys at sea, Alice took great interest in the Monegasque opera season. The courtesan Caroline Otero, La Belle Otero, who had been a part-time lover of the Prince between 1893 and 1897, recalled the Prince fondly in her memoires and claimed that he wasn't a virile man and suffered from erection difficulty.

She brought a strong business acumen, showing an understanding far beyond her years. Having helped put her husband's principality on a sound financial footing, she would devote her energies to making Monaco one of Europe's great cultural centers with its opera, theater, and the ballet under the direction of the famed Russian impresario, Sergei Diaghilev. Her affair with composer Isidore de Lara resulted in Prince Albert slapping her in view of an audience at the Salle Garnier.^[3]

The Prince and Princess of Monaco separated judicially on May 30, 1902 (Monaco) and June 3, 1902 (France), but remained married. Upon the Prince's death 20 years later, Alice became the Dowager Princess of Monaco. She did not remarry.

Her former home in New Orleans is now the Café Amelie and advertises itself as a setting for weddings, receptions, special parties and the like.^[4]

Titles from birth to death

• Miss Marie Alice Heine (1857–1874)
• Her Grace The Marquise of Jumilhac (1874–1879)
• Her Grace The Duchess of Richelieu and Fronsac, Marquise of Jumilhac (1879–1880)
• Her Grace The Dowager Duchess of Richelieu and Fronsac, Dowager Marquise of Jumilhac (1880–1889)
• Her Serene Highness The Princess of Monaco (1889–1922)
• Her Serene Highness The Dowager Princess of Monaco (1922–1925)

Full title

• Her Serene Highness Princess Alice, The Princess of Monaco, Duchess of Richelieu, Fronsac, Valentinois, Mazarin, Mayenne and Estouteville, Princess of Château-Porcien, Marquise of Jumilhac, Baux-de-Provence, Guiscard and Chilly, Countess of Carladès, Thorigny, Longjumeau, Ferrette, Belfort, Thann and Rosemont, Baronness of Buis, Saint-Lô, la Luthumière, Hambye, Massy, le Calvinet and Altkirch, Lady of Saint-Rémy, Matignon and Issenheim.

Ancestry

Ancestors of Alice Heine

16. Aaron David Simon Heine               8. Heymann Heine                       17. Rachel Gans               4. Isaac Heine                             18. Meyer Samson Poppert               9. Marthe Eva Poppert                       19. Frommet Heckscher               2. Michel Heine                                   20.               10. Isaac Michel                       21.               5. Judith Michel                             22.               11.                       23.               1. Marie Alice Heine                                         24. François Joseph Miltenberger               12. Louis Chrétien Miltenberger                       25. Marie Ursule Angst               6. Joseph Alphonse Miltenberger                             26. Antoine Mercier               13. Marie Aimée Mercier                       27. Julienne Elizabeth Fongrunier               3. Amélie Marie Céleste Miltenberger                                   28. Clémence Dorfeuille               14. Godefroy Dorfeuille                       29.               7. Marie Céleste Dorfeuille                             30.               15.                       31.

References

1. William1
2. Lachaise (French)
3. Anne Edwards, "The Grimaldis of Monaco" (Morrow, 1992), pages 168 and 176
4. Café Amelie

External links

• Princely House of Monaco