Alvarezsaurus

Alvarezsaurus calvoi
Temporal range: Late Cretaceous, 86–83 Ma
Skeleton restoration
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Order: Saurischia
Suborder: Theropoda
Superfamily: Alvarezsauroidea
Family: Alvarezsauridae
Genus: Alvarezsaurus
Bonaparte, 1991
Species:  A. calvoi
Binomial name
Alvarezsaurus calvoi
Bonaparte, 1991

Alvarezsaurus (/ˌælvərɛzˈsɔːrəs/; "Alvarez's lizard") is a genus of small alvarezsaurid dinosaur from the Late Cretaceous period of Argentina, approximately 86 - 83 million years ago. Estimates suggest that it measured about 2 meters (6.5 ft) in length and weighed approximately 20 kg (45 lbs). It was found in the Bajo de la Carpa Formation and was named by paleontologist José Bonaparte in 1991 after the historian Don Gregorio Alvarez.[1] The type species is A. calvoi.

Restoration

Description

Alvarezsaurus was bipedal theropod. Like other lightweight theropods, it had a long tail, and its leg structure suggests that it was a fast runner. The most proximal elements of Alvarezsaurus caudal vertebrae exhibited ventrally sharp centra and the transerve processes of these vertebrae were sub-triangular and laterodistally directed, features seen in other alvarezsaurids like Shuvuuia.[2] Spinal processes were entirely absent or poorly developed, and each caudal vertebra supported short prezygapophyses. The scapula was visibly curved and proportionally smaller than those of other alvarezsaurids, and unlike its relatives Alvarezsaurus did not have a fused astragalus and calcaneum. It was unique in that its metatarsal III was its longest, followed by an unusually long metatarsal IV. It may have been insectivorous.

Classification

Alvarezsaurus is considered basal to better-known members of its family, such as Mononykus and Shuvuuia. It has been alternately classified with both non-avian theropod dinosaurs and early birds, but a move of the alvarezsaurids to be recognized as more closely related to neornithine birds proved controversial despite being supported by earlier studies.[2] It was once believed that the Patagonian alvarezsaur taxa were the most basal of their family, but the discovery of a more basal member, Haplocheirus, disproved that when its fossils were discovered in China.[3]

In popular culture

Alvarezsaurus was featured in the Discovery Channel television series Dinosaur Planet, where it was presented as a predator of young Saltasaurus. However, these genera did not coexist, Alvarezsaurus being approximately 5 million years older than Saltasaurus.

External links

References

  1. Bonaparte, José F., 1991. ‘’Los vertebrados fósiles de la Formación Río Colorado, de la ciudad de Neuquén y cercenaias, Cretácico superior, Argentina.’’. In: Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales ‘’Revista del Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales ‘’Bernardino Rivadavia’’ e Instituto Nacional de Investigación de las Ciencias Naturales: Paleontología’’ 4(3): 17-123.
  2. 1 2 Chiappe, Luis M., Norrell, Mark A., Clark, James M., 2002. ‘’The Cretaceous, Short-Armed Alvarezsauridae ‘’Mononykus and Its Kin’’ In: Chiappe, Luis M., Witmer, Lawrence M. Mesozoic Birds: Above the Heads of Dinosaurs Pp 87-120
  3. Dong Xiao; Choiniere, Jonah; Fenglu Han; Hone, David W. E.; Lin Tan; Pittman, Michael; Qingwei Tan; Sullivan, Corwin; Upchurch, Paul; Xing Xu, 2010. ‘’The first known monodactyl non-avian dinosaur and the complex evolution of the alvarezsauroid hand’’


This article is issued from Wikipedia - version of the Tuesday, November 10, 2015. The text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution/Share Alike but additional terms may apply for the media files.