Amal Clooney

Amal Clooney

Amal Clooney in May 2014

Clooney in May 2014
Born Amal Alamuddin
(1978-02-03) 3 February 1978
Beirut, Lebanon
Nationality British and Lebanese
Education Dr Challoner's High School
Alma mater St Hugh's College, Oxford
New York University
Occupation Lawyer, activist, author
Years active 2000–present
Religion Druze[1]
Spouse(s) George Clooney (m. 2014)

Amal Clooney (née Alamuddin, Arabic: أمل علم الدين‎; born 3 February 1978) is a British-Lebanese lawyer, activist, and author. She is a barrister at Doughty Street Chambers, specializing in international law and human rights.[2] Her clients include Julian Assange, the founder of WikiLeaks, in his fight against extradition.[3] She has also represented the former prime minister of Ukraine, Yulia Tymoshenko,[4] and Canadian-Egyptian journalist Mohamed Fahmy.

Background

Early life and family

Amal was born in Beirut, Lebanon. During the 1980s, when the Lebanese Civil War was in full scale, the Alamuddin family left Lebanon for England and settled in Gerrards Cross, Buckinghamshire.[5] She was two years old at the time.[6] Her father, Ramzi Alam Uddin, who received his MBA degree at the American University of Beirut and was the owner of COMET travel agency, returned to Lebanon in 1991.[7][8] He originally hails from a prominent Lebanese Druze family from the town of Baakline, a village in the Chouf district where many Lebanese Druze live.[6][9][10][11][12][13] Her mother, Bariaa Alam Uddin (née Miknass), is a foreign editor of the Pan-Arab newspaper al-Hayat and a founder of the public relations company International Communication Experts, which is part of a larger company that specializes in celebrity guest bookings, publicity photography, and event promotion.[6][14] Bariaa is a Sunni Muslim from Tripoli, Lebanon, where a significant community of Lebanese Sunni Muslims live.[15][16]

Amal has three siblings—one sister, Tala, and two half-brothers, Samer and Ziad,[6] from her father's first marriage.[17]

Education

Amal attended Dr Challoner's High School, a girls' grammar school located in Little Chalfont, Buckinghamshire. She then studied at St. Hugh's College, Oxford, where she received an Exhibition[18] and the Shrigley Award.[19] In 2000, Clooney graduated with a BA degree in Jurisprudence (Oxford's equivalent to the LLB)[20] from St. Hugh's College, Oxford.

The following year, in 2001, she entered New York University School of Law to study for the LLM degree, where she was a clerk for the clerkships program at the International Court of Justice.[21] She received the Jack J. Katz Memorial Award for excellence in entertainment law.[22][23] For one semester while at NYU, she worked as a student law clerk at the United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit in the offices of Sonia Sotomayor, who is now on the Supreme Court of the United States.[24]

Career

New York

Clooney worked at Sullivan & Cromwell in New York City for three years as part of the Criminal Defense and Investigations Group, where her clients included Enron and Arthur Andersen.[19][22]

The Hague

In 2004, she worked at the International Court of Justice and was one of two NYU-sponsored clerks at the Court. She clerked under Judge Vladen S. Vereshchetin from Russia and Judge Nabil Elaraby from Egypt.[21][25]

She worked in the Office of the Prosecutor at the UN Special Tribunal for Lebanon and at the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia.[26]

London

Clooney returned to Britain in 2010,[27] where she became a barrister in London (Bar of England & Wales, Inner Temple) at Doughty Street Chambers.[19] In 2013 Clooney was appointed to a number of United Nations commissions, including as adviser to Special Envoy Kofi Annan on Syria and as Counsel to the 2013 Drone Inquiry by UN human rights rapporteur Ben Emmerson QC into the use of drones in counter-terrorism operations.[23][28]

She has been involved in high-profile cases representing the state of Cambodia, the former Libyan intelligence chief Abdallah Al Senussi, Yulia Tymoshenko[29] and Julian Assange, and was an adviser to the King of Bahrain in connection with the Bahrain Independent Commission of Inquiry headed by Professor M. Cherif Bassiouni.[22]

Teaching

For the spring 2015 academic semester, Clooney was a visiting faculty member and a senior fellow with Columbia Law School's Human Rights Institute.[30] She lectured in professor Sarah H. Cleveland's Human Rights course and spoke about human rights litigation to students in the school's Human Rights Clinic.[31][32]

Clooney has lectured students on international criminal law at SOAS (University of London), The New School in New York City, The Hague Academy of International Law, and the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill.[22]

Notable cases

In April 2011, Clooney worked a case involving the Cambodian-Thai border dispute regarding claims of ownership over the Temple of Preah Vihear.[33] The dispute went before the International Court of Justice at The Hague.[34]

As of 2011, Clooney was assisting the Permanent Court of Arbitration in the arbitration between Merck Sharp and Dohme and the Republic of Ecuador.[35]

Starting in the fall of 2014, Clooney represented Canadian Al Jazeera English journalist Mohamed Fahmy who, along with other journalists, was being held in Egypt.[36][37][38][39] He was eventually sentenced to three years in prison and lost a retrial in August 2015 before finally being pardoned by Egyptian president Abdel Fattah al-Sisi.[40][41]

In August 2014, Clooney was selected for the UN's three-member commission to look into possible violations of the rules of war in the Gaza Strip during the Israel–Gaza conflict. Clooney declined the position, stating that her other commitments did not allow her the time to participate.[42]

In October 2014, Clooney became involved in the repatriation of ancient Greek sculptures called the Elgin Marbles for the Greek government.[43][44] The sculptures have been part of the collection of the British Museum since 1816.[45] In May 2015, Greece decided to stop legal proceedings to recover the sculptures.[46]

In January 2015, Clooney began work on the recognition of the Armenian Genocide.[47] She is representing Armenia on behalf of Doughty Street Chambers along with Geoffrey Robertson QC.[48] She said Turkey's stance was hypocritical "because of its disgraceful record on freedom of expression", including prosecutions of Turkish-Armenians who campaign for the 1915 massacres to be called a genocide.[47] She is representing Armenia in the case against Doğu Perinçek,[49][50] whose 2007 conviction for genocide denial and racial discrimination was overturned in Perinçek v. Switzerland (2013).[47] A "minor internet frenzy" resulted from her bon mot prior to the 28 January 2015 hearing. In response to a journalist pestering her over what designer gown she would be wearing in court, she replied "Ede & Ravenscroft" – the tailors who make her court robes.[51][52]

On March 8, 2015, Clooney filed a case for the continued detention of former president and Pampanga congresswoman Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo against the government before the UN's Working Group on Arbitrary Detention, a body under the United Nations Commission on Human Rights.[53] On October 2, The United Nations Working Group on Arbitrary Detention has released its opinion that the detention of former President Arroyo "violates international law" and is "arbitrary on a number of grounds."[54]

On 7 April 2015, it was announced that Clooney would be part of the legal team defending Mohamed Nasheed, former President of the Maldives, in his ongoing arbitrary detention.[55] Nasheed was sentenced to 13 years in jail in March 2015 following what was characterized as a politically motivated trial.[56] Amnesty International described his sentencing as a "travesty of justice."[57][58] Prior to visiting the Maldives, the local co-counsel working on the case was stabbed in the head, an indication of the danger and instability in the country.[59] In January 2016, Clooney gave a series of interviews about the UN-condemned trial and imprisonment of Nasheed and put forth efforts to support imposing sanctions on the Maldives.[60][61] According to The Economist, she has "helped strengthen the backing of Britain’s prime minister, David Cameron, for the cause of Maldivian democracy."[62]

In June 2015, Clooney began work on the recently re-opened case[63] brought by the Irish government against the British government regarding policies UK Prime Minister Edward Heath (1970–1974) used in Operation Demetrius that included the illegal interrogation methods known as five techniques.[64] Working with Minister for Foreign Affairs Charles Flanagan, the case will be heard by the European Court of Human Rights.[65][66]

Clooney is part of the legal team representing Louis Olivier Bancoult and Chagos islanders on their claim[67] that they had been forced off their island, Diego Garcia, in 1971 by the UK government to make way for a U.S. military base.[68]

In 2016, it was announced that Clooney will represent Azerbaijani journalist, Khadija Ismayilova, at the European Court of Human Rights. Ismayilova's investigative work resulted in her imprisonment.[69]

Appointments

On 25 February 2014, the Office of the UK Attorney General appointed Clooney for the period 2014 to 2019 to the C Panel of the Public International Law Panel of Counsel.[70][71]

In May 2014, Clooney was a signatory of UNICEF UK and Jemima Khan's open letter that urged on the public a call for "action from UK Government to protect women and children".[72]

On 2 January 2015, it was reported by The Guardian that before Clooney was involved as Rapporteur in the case against Mohamed Fahmy, Clooney had written a report in February 2014 for the International Bar Association’s Human Rights Institute (IBAHRI) that was critical of Egypt's judiciary process. Clooney and others were warned that there was a strong possibility they would be arrested if they entered Egypt, as a result of the criticism.[73][74]

Awards and honors

Clooney studied at St. Hugh's College, Oxford, where she received an Exhibition[18] and the Shrigley Award.[19]

Clooney received the Jack J. Katz Memorial Award for excellence in entertainment law.[22][23]

Clooney was chosen as Barbara Walters' Most Fascinating Person of 2014.[75]

Philanthropy

Clooney partnered with the global initiative 100 Lives in beginning the Amal Clooney Scholarship, which was created to send one female student from Lebanon to the United World College Dilijan each year, to enroll in a two-year international baccalaureate program.[76]

Personal life

Clooney is fluent in Arabic, English and French.[77][78] Her father is Druze.[11][12][13][15][79] Her mother is a Sunni Muslim.[15][16] Some reports have described Clooney as a Muslim.[79] She became engaged to actor George Clooney on 28 April 2014.[80] Her first name is derived from Arabic أمل ʾamal, meaning "hope".[81]

In July 2014, George Clooney publicly criticized the British tabloid newspaper the Daily Mail after it claimed his fiancée's mother opposed their marriage on religious grounds.[82] When the tabloid apologized for its false story, he refused to accept the apology. He called the paper "the worst kind of tabloid. One that makes up its facts to the detriment of its readers."[83]

On 7 August 2014, the couple obtained marriage licences at the Royal Borough of Kensington and Chelsea of the United Kingdom.[84] They married on 27 September 2014 in Venice's city hall (at Ca' Farsetti),[85][86][87] following a star-studded wedding ceremony two days earlier, also[88] in Venice.[89][90][91] They were married by Clooney's friend Walter Veltroni, a former mayor of Rome.[91][92] The wedding was widely reported in the media.[93] In October 2014, it was announced that the couple had bought the Mill House on an island in the River Thames at Sonning Eye in England[94] at a cost of around £10 million.[95] The Clooneys are planning to visit Beirut.[96]

Works and publications

References

  1. ↑ Gatten, Emma (13 September 2014). "Amal Alamuddin: George Clooney's Betrothed a Star Among Druze Community". NBCNews. Retrieved 15 January 2016.
  2. ↑ Nicole Lyn, Pesce; Dillon, Nancy; Rivera, Zayda (29 April 2014). "George Clooney Finally Meets His Match With Human Rights Lawyer Amal Alamuddin". Daily News. Retrieved 9 May 2014.
  3. ↑ Rothman, Michael (19 March 2014). "5 Things About Amal Alamuddin". ABC News. Retrieved 8 April 2014.
  4. ↑ Johnston, Ian (27 April 2014). "George Clooney Engaged To Amal Alamuddin: Actor To Marry British Human Rights Lawyer Who Has Represented Julian Assange". The Independent. Retrieved 6 May 2014.
  5. ↑ Flanagan, Padraic (28 April 2014). "George Clooney Engaged to High-Flying British Lawyer". The Daily Telegraph. Retrieved 12 May 2014.
  6. 1 2 3 4 Karam, Joyce (28 April 2014). "Who is Clooney's fiancée Amal Alamuddin?". Al Arabiya. Retrieved 28 September 2014.
  7. ↑ "George Clooney's Fiancée Amal Alamuddin Has Beauty, Brains And Style". The Straits Times. 27 April 2014. Retrieved 6 May 2014.
  8. ↑ "You'd think George Clooney asked all of Lebanon to marry him". Global Post.
  9. ↑ Globe Staff (11 July 2014). "George Clooney rejects Daily Mail's apology for 'fabricated' story". The Globe and Mail (Phillip Crawley). Retrieved 21 August 2014. whose father, Ramzi, belongs to a prominent Druze family.
  10. ↑ "Talk of the village: What does Amal Alamuddin's Druze community think of Clooney engagement?". The Daily Star (Al Bawaba). 26 May 2014. Retrieved 21 August 2014.
  11. 1 2 "Clooney, Alamuddin set Sept. 20 marriage date". Daily Star. 8 August 2014. Retrieved 28 September 2014.
  12. 1 2 Younes, Ali (30 April 2014). "Who is Amal Alamuddin, reported George Clooney's new fiancee". The Arab Daily News. Retrieved 28 September 2014.
  13. 1 2 Smith, Lee (19 May 2014). "But Is It Good for the Druze?George Clooney and his future in-laws". The Weekly Standard 19 (34). Retrieved 28 September 2014.
  14. ↑ "International Communication Experts (I.C.E.)". Globell Communications. 2010.
  15. 1 2 3 Gebeily, Maya (30 April 2014). "Amal Alamuddin from 'Druze family of sheikhs'". NOW News. Retrieved 28 September 2014.
  16. 1 2 Gatten, Emma (13 September 2014). "Amal Alamuddin: George Clooney's Betrothed a Star Among Druze Community". NBC News. Retrieved 28 September 2014.
  17. ↑ "Lebanon in frenzy over Clooney-Alamuddin engagement". NOW News. AFP. 1 May 2014. Retrieved 28 September 2014.
  18. 1 2 "Colleges, Halls, and Societies: Notices – St Hugh's College". Oxford University Gazette. 23 October 1997.
  19. 1 2 3 4 McNeal, Gregory S. (27 April 2014). "International Lawyer And Scholar Amal Alamuddin Engaged To George Clooney". Forbes. Retrieved 15 September 2014.
  20. ↑ "Law (Jurisprudence)". University of Oxford. Retrieved 8 April 2014.
  21. 1 2 "Clerkships – Prior and Present Clerks". Institute for International Law and Justice. New York University School of Law. Retrieved 28 September 2014.
  22. 1 2 3 4 5 "Amal Alamuddin" (PDF). Doughty Street Chambers.
  23. 1 2 3 Schumann, Rebecka (29 October 2013). "George Clooney Girlfriend Revealed: Who Is Amal Alamuddin? 6 Fast Facts About The Actor's New Love". International Business Times. Retrieved 6 May 2014.
  24. ↑ Mathis-Lilley, Ben (28 April 2014). "London Human Rights Lawyer Amal Alamuddin Is Engaged". Slate. Retrieved 28 September 2014.
  25. ↑ Chi, Paul (27 February 2014). "George Clooney Engaged to Amal Alamuddin: 5 Fast Facts About Her". People. Retrieved 6 May 2014.
  26. 1 2 Alamuddin, A.; Webb, P. (2010). "Expanding Jurisdiction over War Crimes under Article 8 of the ICC Statute". Journal of International Criminal Justice 8 (5): 1219. doi:10.1093/jicj/mqq066.
  27. ↑ Butter, Susannah (20 August 2014). "Amal Alamuddin's caseload: why the future Mrs George Clooney isn't about to give up her day job as a human rights lawyer". London Evening Standard. Retrieved 28 September 2014.
  28. ↑ "UN SRCT Drone Inquiry – Credits: UNSRCT Team". United Nations. Retrieved 28 April 2014.
  29. ↑ "BBC News Amal Alamuddin on Yulia Tymoshenko and Ukraine". BBC News. 2 April 2014. Retrieved 30 August 2015.
  30. ↑ Duboff, Josh (6 March 2015). "Amal Clooney Will Be Teaching at Columbia Law School This Spring". Vanity Fair. Retrieved 7 March 2015.
  31. ↑ Andriakos, Jacqueline (7 March 2015). "Amal Clooney to Teach at Columbia Law School in N.Y.C.". People. Retrieved 7 March 2015.
  32. ↑ "Amal Clooney: Visiting Professor and Senior Fellow, Human Rights Institute (Spring 2015)". Columbia Law School. Retrieved 14 May 2015.
  33. ↑ "Request for Interpretation of the Judgment of 15 June 1962 in the Case concerning the Temple of Preah Vihear (Cambodia v. Thailand) (Cambodia v. Thailand) - Application Instituting Proceedings". International Court of Justice. 28 April 2011. Retrieved 30 August 2015.
  34. ↑ "Preah Vihear temple: Disputed land Cambodian, court rules". BBC News. 11 November 2013. Retrieved 30 August 2015.
  35. ↑ "Merck Sharpe & Dohme (I.A.) LLC v. The Republic of Ecuador". Permanent Court of Arbitration. 2011. Retrieved 30 August 2015.
  36. ↑ Kingsley, Patrick (6 November 2014). "Amal Clooney calls on Egypt to release journalist Mohamed Fahmy". The Guardian. Retrieved 16 July 2015.
  37. ↑ Paris, Max (February 26, 2015). "Amal Clooney wants Stephen Harper to 'pick up phone' to free Mohamed Fahmy". CBC News. Retrieved 16 July 2015.
  38. ↑ Galloway, Gloria (26 February 2015). "Amal Clooney to travel to Egypt to lobby for Fahmy’s freedom". The Globe and Mail. Retrieved 16 July 2015.
  39. ↑ Logan, Nick (15 July 2015). "Mohamed Fahmy’s lawyer Amal Clooney pens deportation request ahead of verdict". Global News. Retrieved 16 July 2015.
  40. ↑ Malsin, Jared (29 August 2015). "Al-Jazeera journalists sentenced to three years in prison by Egyptian court". The Guardian. Retrieved 30 August 2015.
  41. ↑ "Mohamed Fahmy, Canadian journalist, pardoned by Egyptian president, released from prison". Retrieved 2015-10-06.
  42. ↑ Ryder, Taryn (11 August 2014). "Amal Alamuddin 'Horrified,' but Unable to Serve on Gaza Rights U.N. Probe". Yahoo! Celebrity. Retrieved 12 August 2014.
  43. ↑ Reuters (9 October 2014). "Clooney's wife Amal Alamuddin to advise Greece on Elgin marbles bid". The Guardian. Retrieved 13 October 2014.
  44. ↑ Squires, Nick (13 October 2014). "Amal Alamuddin to tour Acropolis as she advises Greece on return of Elgin Marbles". The Daily Telegraph. Retrieved 13 October 2014.
  45. ↑ "Press Release – The Parthenon Sculptures". Doughty Street (Press release). 9 October 2014. Retrieved 14 October 2014.
  46. ↑ Smith, Helena (13 May 2015). "Greece drops option of legal action in British Museum Parthenon marbles row". The Guardian. Retrieved 14 May 2015.
  47. 1 2 3 Waterfield, Bruno (28 January 2015). "Amal Clooney accuses Turkey of hypocrisy on freedom of speech in Armenian genocide trial". The Daily Telegraph. Retrieved 28 January 2015.
  48. ↑ Akkoc, Raziye (28 January 2015). "Amal Clooney's latest case: Why Turkey won't talk about the Armenian genocide". The Daily Telegraph. Retrieved 28 January 2015.
  49. ↑ "Amal Clooney’s speech in ECHR hearing of Perinçek v. Switzerland case" (Video). News.am Channel. 28 January 2015. Retrieved 18 March 2015.
  50. ↑ "Perinçek v. Switzerland (no. 27510/08)". European Court of Human Rights. 28 January 2015. Retrieved 30 August 2015.
  51. ↑ Craw, Victoria (29 January 2015). "Amal Clooney gives brilliant smackdown to journalist at new case in European Court of Human Rights". News.com.au.
  52. ↑ Waterfield, Bruno (29 January 2015). "Amal Clooney and her robes: A tale told in tweets". The Daily Telegraph (telegraph.co.uk).
  53. ↑ "British lawyer Amal Clooney takes Gloria Arroyo's case to UN". GMA News. March 8, 2015. Retrieved March 8, 2015.
  54. ↑ "UN: Gloria Arroyo's detention 'violates int'l law'". Rappler. October 9, 2015. Retrieved October 9, 2015.
  55. ↑ "President Mohamed Nasheed Announces International Legal Team". Maldivian Democratic Party, Maldives. 7 April 2015. Retrieved 7 April 2015.
  56. ↑ Clooney, Amal (30 April 2015). "Release Mohamed Nasheed – an innocent man and the Maldives’ great hope". The Guardian. Retrieved 23 May 2015.
  57. ↑ "Maldives: 13 year sentence for former president ‘a travesty of justice’". Amnesty International. 13 March 2015. Retrieved 23 May 2015.
  58. ↑ "Amal Clooney Tells Amnesty International Why the Former President of the Maldives Must Be Released". Amnesty International. 14 October 2015. Retrieved 16 October 2015.
  59. ↑ McFadden, Cynthia; Whitman, Jake; Connor, Tracy (14 January 2016). "Amal Clooney Takes Maldives Human-Rights Battle to Washington". NBC News. Retrieved 15 January 2016.
  60. ↑ McFadden, Cynthia (15 January 2016). "Amal Clooney: Human Rights Lawyer On Her Reluctant Celeb Status". TheToday Show. Retrieved 21 January 2016.
  61. ↑ Todd, Chuck (17 January 2016). "Amal Clooney On Human Rights Crisis In The Maldives". Meet the Press (NBC). Retrieved 21 January 2016.
  62. ↑ "Politics in the Maldives". The Economist. 20 February 2016. Retrieved 20 February 2016.
  63. ↑ "Hooded men: Irish government bid to reopen 'torture' case". BBC News. 2 December 2014. Retrieved 30 August 2015.
  64. ↑ Corrigan, Patrick (13 February 2015). "If Amal Clooney wins the 'Hooded Man' case, the embarrassment for the UK would be huge". The Independent. Retrieved 14 May 2015.
  65. ↑ Kearney, Vincent (9 February 2015). "Amal Clooney to represent 'hooded men' in torture legal case". BBC News. Retrieved 14 May 2015.
  66. ↑ McDonald, Henry (9 February 2015). "Amal Clooney joins team representing Northern Ireland's 'hooded men'". The Guardian. Retrieved 14 May 2015.
  67. ↑ Hart QC, David (11 April 2014). "Chagossians update". UK Human Rights Blog. Retrieved 30 August 2015.
  68. ↑ Bowcott, Owen (22 June 2015). "Chagos islanders ask supreme court to overturn House of Lords decision". The Guardian. Retrieved 23 June 2015.
  69. ↑ Salimova, Gulnar (20 January 2016). "Star lawyer Amal Clooney to defend Azerbaijani investigative journalist Ismayilova". Kyiv Post. Retrieved 20 January 2016.
  70. ↑ "Attorney General's civil panel counsel: appointments, membership lists and off panel counsel". Treasury Solicitor’s Department, Government Legal Department and Attorney General's Office. 14 August 2015. Retrieved 30 August 2015.
  71. ↑ "Public International Law Panel of Counsel - Summary of Selection Process" (PDF). UK Attorney General. 25 February 2014. Retrieved 30 August 2015.
  72. ↑ "Leading UK women unite with UNICEF UK in call to end sexual violence against children in conflict". UNICEF UK. 2014. Archived from the original on 6 October 2014. Retrieved 31 August 2015.
  73. ↑ Kingsley, Patrick (2 January 2015). "Amal Clooney warned that she risked arrest". The Guardian. Retrieved 30 August 2015.
  74. ↑ "Film - Egypt: Separating Law and Politics". International Bar Association. Retrieved 30 August 2015.
  75. ↑ ABC News (14 December 2015). "Amal Clooney: Barbara Walters' Most Fascinating Person of the Year". ABC News.
  76. ↑ Los Angeles Times (17 December 2015). "Amal Clooney launches scholarship for Lebanese girls". latimes.com.
  77. ↑ Lily Harrison and Natalie Finn (26 April 2014). "5 Things to Know About George Clooney's Fiancée, Amal Alamuddin (Other Than, OMG, She's Marrying George Clooney!)". E!.
  78. ↑ Respers France, Lisa (28 April 2014). "What we know about George Clooney's fiancée". CNN. Retrieved 12 May 2014.
  79. 1 2 Safi, Omid (29 April 2014). "What is the religion of George Clooney's fiancé, Ms. Amal Alamduddin? Druze? Muslim?". Religion News Service. Retrieved 28 September 2014.
  80. ↑ Cohen, Sandy (28 April 2014). "George Clooney sheds most eligible bachelor status, gives up serial romance for engagement". Star Tribune. Associated Press. Retrieved 12 May 2014.
  81. ↑ Rosenthal, Franz (2014). Gutas, Dimitri, ed. Man Versus Society in Medieval Islam. Leiden; Boston: Brill. p. 613. ISBN 978-9-004-27089-3. OCLC 892338528. Retrieved 8 September 2015.
  82. ↑ "George Clooney slams Daily Mail over 'irresponsible' marriage story". BBC News. Retrieved 27 September 2014.
  83. ↑ "George Clooney rejects Mail Online apology". BBC News. 11 July 2014. Retrieved 11 July 2014.
  84. ↑ Rothman, Michael (7 August 2014). "George Clooney and Fiancée Amal Alamuddin Get Marriage License". ABC News. Retrieved 8 August 2014.
  85. ↑ "Clooney And Bride Appear In Public After Wedding". Sky News. Retrieved 28 September 2014.
  86. ↑ "Inside George Clooney and Amal Alamuddin's Wedding". People. 5 October 2014.
  87. ↑ "George Clooney and Amal Alamuddin's wedding". CBS News.
  88. ↑ Anderson, Ariston (15 September 2014). "George Clooney Wedding Details Leaked by Italian Media". The Hollywood Reporter. Retrieved 26 September 2014.
  89. ↑ Kington, Tom (27 September 2014). "Clooney And Bride Appear in Public After Wedding". Sky News.
  90. ↑ Oldenburg, Ann; Puente, Maria (27 September 2014). "George Clooney, Amal Alamuddin marry in Venice". USA Today. Retrieved 27 September 2014.
  91. 1 2 Fornasier, Claudia (15 September 2014). "George, sì davanti a Veltroni". Corriere della Sera. Retrieved 26 September 2014.
  92. ↑ Squires, Nick (15 September 2014). "George Clooney 'to be married by ex-Rome mayor'". The Daily Telegraph. Retrieved 27 September 2014.
  93. ↑ Squires, Nick (29 September 2014). "George Clooney's wedding to Amal Alamuddin finally ends". The Daily Telegraph. Retrieved 30 September 2014.
  94. ↑ Sawer, Patrick (10 October 2014). "Welcome to Sonning, Mr & Mrs Clooney". The Daily Telegraph. Retrieved 11 October 2014.
  95. ↑ Sawer, Patrick (9 October 2014). "George Clooney snaps up £10 million manor house in Sonning, Berkshire". The Daily Telegraph. Retrieved 11 October 2014.
  96. ↑ "George Clooney: Syria conflict 'incredibly complex' - BBC News". BBC News. Retrieved 2016-04-29.

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