List of amateur radio frequency bands in India

Thin, black, straight wires intersecting at various points protruding from a grey building or else from each other with a blue sky in the background

Antennas at a ham operator's station.

Amateur radio or ham radio is a hobby that is practised by over 16,000 licensed users in India.^[1] Licences are granted by the Wireless and Planning and Coordination Wing (WPC), a branch of the Ministry of Communications and Information Technology. In addition, the WPC allocates frequency spectrum in India. The Indian Wireless Telegraphs (Amateur Service) Rules, 1978 lists five licence categories:^[2]

To obtain a licence, candidates must pass the Amateur Station Operator's Certificate examination conducted by the WPC.^[3] The examination consists of two 50-mark written sections: Radio theory and practice, Regulations; and a practical test consisting of a demonstration of Morse code proficiency in sending and receiving.^[4] After passing the examination, the candidate must clear a police interview. After clearance, the WPC grants the licence along with the user-chosen call sign. This procedure can take up to one year.^[5] This licence is valid for up to five years.^[6]

Each licence category has certain privileges allotted to it, including the allotment of frequencies, output power, and the emission modes. This article list the various frequencies allotted to various classes, and the corresponding emission modes and input DC power.

Allotted spectrum

The following table lists the frequencies that amateur radio operators in India can operate on.

Band refers to the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) radio band designation
Frequency is measured in megahertz
Wavelength is measured in metres and centimetres
Type refers to the radio frequency classification

Band	Frequency (MHz)	Wavelength	Type
6	7003182000000000000♠1.820–1.860	7002160000000000000♠160 m	MF
7	7003350000000000000♠3.500–3.700	7001800000000000000♠80 m	HF
7	7003389000000000000♠3.890–3.900	7001800000000000000♠80 m	HF
7	7003700000000000000♠7.000–7.200	7001400000000000000♠40 m	HF
7	7004140000000000000♠14.000–14.350	7001200000000000000♠20 m	HF
7	7004180680000000000♠18.068–18.168	7001170000000000000♠17 m	HF
7	7004210000000000000♠21.000–21.450	7001150000000000000♠15 m	HF
7	7004248900000000000♠24.890–24.990	7001120000000000000♠12 m	HF
7	7004280000000000000♠28.000–29.700	7001100000000000000♠10 m	HF
8	7004280000000000000♠50.000–54.000	7000600000000000000♠6 m	VHF
8	7005144000000000000♠144–146	7000200000000000000♠2 m	VHF
9	7005434000000000000♠434–438	6999700000000000000♠70 cm	UHF
9	7006126000000000000♠1260–1300	6999230000000000000♠23 cm	UHF
10	7006330000000000000♠3300–3400	6998900000000000000♠9 cm	SHF
10	7006572500000000000♠5725–5840	6998500000000000000♠5 cm	SHF

Emission designations

Main article: Types of radio emissions

The International Telecommunication Union uses an internationally agreed system for classifying radio frequency signals. Each Type of radio emission is classified according to its bandwidth, method of modulation, nature of the modulating signal, and Type of information transmitted on the carrier signal. It is based on characteristics of the signal, not on the transmitter used.

An emission designation is of the form BBBB 123 45, where BBBB is the bandwidth of the signal, 1 is a letter indicating the Type of modulation used, 2 is a digit representing the Type of modulating signal, 3 is a letter corresponding to the Type of information transmitted, 4 is a letter indicating the practical details of the transmitted information, and 5 is a letter that represents the method of multiplexing. The 4 and 5 fields are optional. For example, an emission designation would appear read as 500H A3E, where 500H translates to 500 Hz, and A3E is the emission mode as permitted.

The WPC has authorized the following emission modes:^[7]

Emission	Details
A1A	Single channel containing digital information, no subcarrier, Aural telegraphy, intended to be decoded by ear, such as Morse code
A2A	Single channel containing digital information, using a subcarrier, Aural telegraphy, intended to be decoded by ear, such as Morse code
A3E	Double-sideband amplitude modulation (AM radio), Single channel containing analogue information,
A3X	Single channel containing analogue information, None of the other listed types of emission
A3F^{[nb 1]}	Single channel containing analogue information, Video (television signals)
F1B	Frequency modulation, Single channel containing digital information, no subcarrier, Electronic telegraphy, intended to be decoded by machine (radioteletype and digital modes)
F2B	Frequency modulation, Single channel containing digital information, using a subcarrier, Electronic telegraphy, intended to be decoded by machine (radioteletype and digital modes)
F3E	Frequency modulation, Single channel containing analogue information, Telephony (audio)
F3C	Frequency modulation, Single channel containing analogue information, Facsimile (still images)
H3E	Single-sideband with full carrier, Single channel containing analogue information, Telephony (audio)
J3E	Single-sideband with suppressed carrier (e.g. Shortwave utility and amateur stations), Single channel containing analogue information, Telephony (audio)
R3E	Single-sideband with reduced or variable carrier, Single channel containing analogue information, Telephony (audio)

Licence categories

Further information: Amateur radio licence categories in India

Two categories of amateur radio licence exist.

Restricted Grade

The Amateur Wireless Telegraph Station Licence, Restricted licence requires the same scores as the old term Grade II.The minimum age is 12 years.^[8] The licence allows the user to make radiotelegraphy (Morse code) and radiotelephony transmission in 12 frequency bands. The maximum power allowed is 100 W.

A Restricted Grade licence holder was previously authorized the use of radio telephony emission on frequency bands below 30 MHz on submission of proof that 100 contacts have been made with other amateur operators using CW (Morse code).^[2] This has now since changed with restricted license holders being allowed phone (SSB) bands with the only restriction being the PEP(peak envelope power) limited to 100 W.

Band	Frequency (MHz)	Wavelength	Type	Emission	Power (W)
6	1.820–1.860^{[nb 2]}	160 m	MF	A1A, A2A, A3E, H3E, J3E, R3E	100
7	3.500–3.700^{[nb 2]}	80 m	HF	A1A, A2A, A3E, H3E, J3E, R3E	100
7	3.890–3.900	80 m	HF	A1A, A2A, A3E, H3E, J3E, R3E	100
7	7.000–7.200	40 m	HF	A1A, A2A, A3E, H3E, J3E, R3E	100
7	14.000–14.350	20 m	HF	A1A, A2A, A3E, H3E, J3E, R3E	100
7	18.068–18.168^{[nb 3]}	17 m	HF	A1A, A2A, A3E, H3E, J3E, R3E	100
7	21.000–21.450	15 m	HF	A1A, A2A, A3E, H3E, J3E, R3E	100
7	24.890–24.990	12 m	HF	A1A, A2A, A3E, H3E, J3E, R3E	100
7	28.000–29.700	10 m	HF	A1A, A2A, A3E, H3E, J3E, R3E	100
8	7004500000000000000♠50.000–54.000	7000600000000000000♠6 m	VHF	F1B, F2B, F3C, F3E	10^{[nb 4]}
8	144–146	2 m	VHF	A1A, A2A, A3E, H3E, J3E, R3E	10^{[nb 4]}
9	434–438^{[nb 5]}	70 cm	UHF	A1A, A2A, A3E, H3E, J3E, R3E	10^{[nb 4]}

General Grade

The Amateur Station Operator's Licence, General Grade, requires a minimum of 50% in each section of the written examination, and 60% overall, and a demonstration of proficiency in sending and receiving Morse code at 8 words per minute (without errors for each).^[9] The minimum age is 14 years.^[8] The licence allows a user to make radiotelegraphy and radiotelephony transmission in 13 frequency bands. The maximum power allowed is 400 W. In addition, satellite communication, facsimile, and television modes are permitted.^[2]

Band	Frequency (MHz)	Wavelength	Type	Emission	Power (W)
6	1.820–1.860^{[nb 2]}	160 m	MF	A1A, A2A, A3E, H3E, R3E, J3E, F1B, F2B, F3E, F3C, A3C, A3F	400
7	3.500–3.700^{[nb 2]}	80 m	HF	A1A, A2A, A3E, H3E, R3E, J3E, F1B, F2B, F3E, F3C, A3C, A3F	400
7	3.890–3.900	80 m	HF	A1A, A2A, A3E, H3E, R3E, J3E, F1B, F2B, F3E, F3C, A3C, A3F	400
7	7.000–7.200	40 m	HF	A1A, A2A, A3E, H3E, R3E, J3E, F1B, F2B, F3E, F3C, A3C, A3F	400
7	14.000–14.350	20 m	HF	A1A, A2A, A3E, H3E, R3E, J3E, F1B, F2B, F3E, F3C, A3C, A3F	400
7	18.068–18.168^{[nb 3]}	17 m	HF	A1A, A2A, A3E, H3E, R3E, J3E, F1B, F2B, F3E, F3C, A3C, A3F	400
7	21.000–21.450	15 m	HF	A1A, A2A, A3E, H3E, R3E, J3E, F1B, F2B, F3E, F3C, A3C, A3F	400
7	24.890–24.990	12 m	HF	A1A, A2A, A3E, H3E, R3E, J3E, F1B, F2B, F3E, F3C, A3C, A3F	400
7	28.000–29.700	10 m	HF	A1A, A2A, A3E, H3E, R3E, J3E, F1B, F2B, F3E, F3C, A3C, A3F	400
8	50.000–54.000	6 m	VHF	F1A, F2B, F3C, F3E	25^{[nb 4]}
8	144–146	2 m	VHF	F1A, F2B, F3C, F3E	25^{[nb 4]}
9	434–438^{[nb 5]}	70 cm	UHF	F1A, F2B, F3C, F3E	25^{[nb 4]}
9	1260–1300^{[nb 5]}^{[nb 6]}	23 cm	UHF	A1A, A2A, A3E, H3E, R3E, J3E, F1B, F2B, F3E, F3C, A3X, A3F (This band rescinded, please verify with WPC)	25^{[nb 4]}
10	3300–3400^{[nb 5]}	9 cm	SHF	A1A, A2A, A3E, H3E, R3E, J3E, F1B, F2B, F3E, F3C, A3X, A3F (This band rescinded, please verify with WPC)	25^{[nb 4]}
10	5725–5840^{[nb 5]}	5 cm	SHF	F1A, F2B, F3C, F3E	25^{[nb 4]}

Notes

↑ For A3F emission, the transmission is restricted to call sign of the station, location and other particulars. This is limited to point-to-point test transmission that employs a standard interlace and scanning with a bandwidth not more than 4 kHz.
1 2 3 4 On primary shared basis as per the regular provisions of radio regulations.
1 2 Authorization on non-interference and non-protection basis.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Terrestrial service only
1 2 3 4 5 On secondary basis as per the regular provisions of radio regulations. The above authorization is subject to site clearance as per the procedure prescribed by the Standing Advisory Committee on Radio Frequency Allocation (SACFA) as applicable.
↑ Earth to satellite service only. Satellite service is permitted in accordance with radio regulations and in those cases where the maximum output RF power is 30 dbw.

References

↑ Ramchandran, Ramesh (2005-03-03). "Government to promote amateur radio". The Tribune. Retrieved 2008-07-27.
1 2 3 Annexure V "The Indian Wireless Telegraphs (Amateur Radio) Rules, 1978" (PDF). Ministry of Communications, Government of India. Controller of Publications, Civil Lines, New Delhi. 1979. p. 34. Retrieved 2008-08-03.
↑ Appendix II "The Indian Wireless Telegraphs (Amateur Radio) Rules, 1978" (PDF). Ministry of Communications, Government of India. Controller of Publications, Civil Lines, New Delhi. 1979. p. 34. Retrieved 2008-08-03.
↑ Annexure III, Appendix I, Section 2.3 "The Indian Wireless Telegraphs (Amateur Radio) Rules, 1978" (PDF). Ministry of Communications, Government of India. Controller of Publications, Civil Lines, New Delhi. 1979. p. 34. Retrieved 2008-08-03.
↑ "Ham operators are a cut above the rest". Times of India (Times Group). 2007-05-21. Retrieved 2008-07-25.
↑ Section 12 "The Indian Wireless Telegraphs (Amateur Radio) Rules, 1978" (PDF). Ministry of Communications, Government of India. Controller of Publications, Civil Lines, New Delhi. 1979. p. 34. Retrieved 2008-08-03.
↑ Verma, Rajesh (1988). ABC of Amateur Radio and Citizen Band. EFY Publications.
1 2 Section 5 "The Indian Wireless Telegraphs (Amateur Radio) Rules, 1978" (PDF). Ministry of Communications, Government of India. Controller of Publications, Civil Lines, New Delhi. 1979. p. 34. Retrieved 2008-08-03.
↑ Annexure III, Appendix I "The Indian Wireless Telegraphs (Amateur Radio) Rules, 1978" (PDF). Ministry of Communications, Government of India. Controller of Publications, Civil Lines, New Delhi. 1979. p. 34. Retrieved 2008-08-03.

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