Andrea Thopia

Andrea Thopia
Lord of Scuria
Noble family Thopia
Died after 1479

Andrea Thopia or Andrew Thopia (Albanian: Andrea Topia) (died after 1479), was 15th century noble man from Albania whose domains included the territory of Scuria (between Durazzo and what would later become modern day Tirana). He was a member of the Thopia family and one of the founders of the League of Lezhë.

Family

Andrea Thopia was the nephew of Karl Thopia.[1]

1432—1436 rebellion

After the Battle of Savra in 1385 the region of Albania became under strong Ottoman influence and gradually most of its territory was annexed to Ottoman Empire within separate administrative unit: the Sanjak of Albania. Andrea revolted against Ottoman rule in 1432 and defeated a small Ottoman military unit in the mountains of Central Albania. His victory inspired other chieftains in Albania, especially Gjergj Arianiti, to rebel against the Ottomans.[2]

League of Lezhe

Main article: League of Lezhë

Together with his nephew (Tanush Thopia) Andrea participated in founding of the League of Lezhë (1444 military alliance led by Skanderbeg).[3] The members included Lekë Zaharia, Peter Spani, Lekë Dushmani, Andrea Thopia, Gjergj Arianiti, Theodor Musachi, Stefan Crnojević, and their subjects.[A] His title was Lord of Scuria (near Durazzo).

According to Gjon Muzaka Andrea Thopia was among the members of this league who outlived the fall of Scutari into Ottoman hands in 1479.[4]

In literature

Girolamo de Rada, an Italian writer of Italo-Albanian literature, dedicated his 1839 work Albanian Historical Songs of Serafina Thopia, Wife of Prince Nicholas Dukagjini (Italian: Canti storici albanesi di Serafina Thopia, moglie del principe Nicola Ducagino) to unfulfilled love of Serafina Thopia and Bosdare Stresa (an Albanian Romeo and Juliet). Serafina, who was daughter of Andrea Thopia in this song, sacrificed her love to Bosdare and married Nicholas Dukagjini to help uniting southern and northern Albania to fight against the Ottomans.[5]

Annotations

  1. ^ League of Lezhe:[6][7][8]

References

  1. ↑ André Bataille (1955). Paul Lemerle, ed. Traité d'études byzantines. Presses universitaires de France. André Thopia, petit neveu de Charles Thopia 1402 - m.
  2. ↑ Fine, John Van Antwerp (1994), The Late Medieval Balkans: A Critical Survey from the Late Twelfth Century to the Ottoman Conquest, University of Michigan Press, p. 535, ISBN 978-0-472-08260-5, In 1432 Andrew Thopia revolted against his Ottoman overlords ... inspired other Albanian chiefs, in particular George Arianite (Araniti) ... The revolt spread ... from region of Valona up to Skadar... At this time, though summoned home by his relatives ... Skanderbeg did nothing, he remained ... loyal to sultan
  3. ↑ Noli 1947, p. 36
    Andrea Thopia of Scuria between Tirana and Durazzo with his nephew, Tanush Thopia
  4. ↑ Elsie, Robert (2003). Early Albania: A Reader of Historical Texts, 11th-17th Centuries. Weisbaden: Otto Harrassowitz Verlag. p. 35. Retrieved 6 August 2012.
  5. ↑ Elsie 2005, p. 52
    The 'Songs of Serafina Thopia' also take us back to the nebulous romantic world of mid-fifteenth-century Albania... an Albanian Romeo and Juliet ... Serafina sacrifices her own happiness to state interests, and marries Prince Nicholas Dukagjini so as to unite southern Albania with the north....on the eve of Turkish invasion)
  6. ↑ Noli 1947, p. 36
  7. ↑ Božić 1979, pp. 364: "Никола Дукађин убио је Леку Закарију. Према млетачком хроничару Стефану Мању убио га је "у битки" као његов вазал. Мада Барлеције погрешно наводи да је убиство извршио Лека Дукађин"
  8. ↑ Schmitt 2001, p. 297
    Nikola und Paul Dukagjin, Leka Zaharia von Dagno, Peter Span, Herr der Berge hinter Drivasto, Georg Strez Balsha sowie Johann und Gojko Balsha, die sich zwischen Kruja und Alessio festgesetzt hatten, die Dushman von Klein-Polatum sowie Stefan (Stefanica) Crnojevic, der Herr der Oberzeta

Sources

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