Abdominal wall

Abdominal wall
Body cavities
Diagram of sheath of Rectus above the arcuate line.
Details
Identifiers
Latin	paries abdominalis
FMA	299989
*Anatomical terminology* [edit on Wikidata]

In anatomy, the abdominal wall represents the boundaries of the abdominal cavity. The abdominal wall is split into the posterior (back), lateral (sides) and anterior (front) walls.

There is a common set of layers covering and forming all the walls: the deepest being the parietal peritoneum, the extraperitoneal fat, the transversalis fascia, the internal and external oblique and transversus abdominis aponeuroses, and a layer of fascia, which has different names according to what it covers (e.g., transversalis, psoas fascia).

In medical vernacular, the abdominal wall most commonly refers to the layers composing the anterior abdominal wall which, in addition to the layers mentioned above, includes the three layers of muscle: the transversus abdominis (transverse abdominal muscle), the internal (obliquus internus) and the external oblique (obliquus externus).

Layers of anterior abdominal wall

In human anatomy, the layers of the abdominal wall are (from superficial to deep):

Skin
Subcutaneous tissue
Fascia
- Camper's fascia - fatty superficial layer.
- Scarpa's fascia - deep fibrous layer.
Muscle
Fascia transversalis
Peritoneum

Inner surface

The surface contains several ligaments separated by fossae:

Ligament/fold	Remnant of	Lateral fossa	Hernia
median umbilical ligament	urachus	supravesical fossa	supravesical hernia (rare)
medial umbilical ligament	umbilical artery	medial inguinal fossa	direct inguinal hernia
lateral umbilical fold	inferior epigastric vessels	lateral inguinal fossa	indirect inguinal hernia

External links

skel&wallsabd at The Anatomy Lesson by Wesley Norman (Georgetown University) - "Skeleton of the Abdomen", Wesley Norman, PhD, DSc
Abdominal Wall at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)
Anterolateral Abdominal Wall - University of Edinburgh Faculty of Medicine
Muscles of the Anterior Abdominal Wall - University of Arkansas

Anatomy of the peritoneum and mesentery

General

Abdominal

From ventral mesentery	Lesser omentum Hepatoduodenal ligament Hepatogastric ligament Liver Coronary ligament (Left triangular ligament Right triangular ligament Hepatorenal ligament) Falciform ligament (Round ligament of liver and Ligamentum venosum in it, but not of it)

From dorsal mesentery	Greater omentum Gastrophrenic ligament Gastrocolic ligament Gastrosplenic ligament Mesentery Transverse mesocolon Sigmoid mesocolon Mesoappendix Root of the mesentery Splenorenal ligament Phrenicocolic ligament Folds Umbilical folds Supravesical fossa Medial inguinal fossa Lateral umbilical fold Lateral inguinal fossa Ileocecal fold

Abdominal cavity	Greater sac Lesser sac Omental foramen

General	Cystohepatic triangle Hepatorenal recess of subhepatic space Abdominal wall Inguinal triangle Peritoneal recesses Paracolic gutters Paramesenteric gutters

Pelvic

Uterus/ovaries	Broad ligament of the uterus Mesovarium Mesosalpinx Mesometrium) Ovarian ligament Suspensory ligament of ovary

Recesses	Male Recto-vesical pouch Pararectal fossa Female Recto-uterine pouch Recto-uterine fold (Uterosacral ligament) Vesico-uterine pouch Ovarian fossa Paravesical fossa Retroperitonium

Spaces

Muscles and ligaments of abdomen and pelvis

Abdominal wall

Anterior/
lateral

Muscle

Fascia

Abdominal fascia panniculus adiposus Fascia of Camper Membranous layer Fascia of Scarpa Transverse fascia Interfoveolar ligament Linea alba Linea semilunaris

Inguinal	Inguinal triangle Inguinal canal Deep inguinal ring Superficial inguinal ring Intercrural fibers Crura of superficial inguinal ring Inguinal ligament Pectineal ligament Lacunar ligament Reflected ligament

Posterior

Muscle	quadratus lumborum Iliopsoas psoas major psoas minor iliacus

Fascia	Iliac fascia Iliopectineal arch

Pelvis

Muscle	levator ani iliococcygeus pubococcygeus puborectalis coccygeus rectococcygeus

Fascia	pelvic fascia Visceral Rectovaginal fascia Rectoprostatic fascia Parietal Obturator fascia Tendinous arch Piriformis fascia floor superior fascia Pubovesical ligament Puboprostatic ligament inferior fascia Anococcygeal body

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Abdominal wall

Layers of anterior abdominal wall

Inner surface

See also

External links