Anti-Vietnamese sentiment

Anti-Vietnamese sentiment involves hostility or hatred that is directed towards Vietnamese people, or the state of Vietnam.

Cambodia

Anti-Vietnamese sentiment dates back in Cambodia since the Khmer Empire.

When Lon Nol assumed power in 1970, the Khmer Republic government was very Anti-Vietnamese and launched a propaganda campaign to stereotype and portray the ethnic Vietnamese as agents of the Vietcong. About 30,000 Vietnamese were arrested and killed in prison, while an additional 200,000 were repatriated to Vietnam. Five years later in 1975, some 200,000 to 250,000 Vietnamese remained in Cambodia when the Khmer Rouge seized power. About three quarters of them were expelled to Vietnam, and the remaining 20,000 who remained are those who are of mixed-Vietnamese and Khmer descent. Those who remained were either killed or massacred by the regime.[1] By the time Vietnamese troops entered Cambodia in 1979, virtually all of Cambodia's Vietnamese population were either displaced or killed.[2]

In modern times, Anti-Vietnamese sentiment started flaring in Cambodia in 2014 resulted in an ethnic Vietnamese man named Tran Van Chien getting beaten to death by a crowd of Cambodians resulting in fear among Vietnamese companies and investors in Cambodia.[3][4] Vietnamese businesses were ransacked and pillaged by Cambodians.[5] A mob of Cambodians killed another Vietnamese man named Nguyen Van Chyen.[6] Vietnamese workers were forced to flee as the businesses were looted. Cambodians have killed ethnic Vietnamese before during riots in the 1990s.[7] Tran's wife said that Tran Van Chien was murdered "like an animal" by the mob. Both the Lon Nol (anti-communist) and Khmer Rouge (communist) governments despised the Vietnamese.[8] A Vietnamese man named Nguyen Yaing Ngoc was killed by a Cambodian mob.[9]

The Cambodian word "Yuon" (yuôn) យួន /yuən/ is an ethnic slur for Vietnamese, derived from the Indian word for Greek, "Yavana".[10] It can also be spelled as "Youn".[11]

China

During Ancient China, the Chinese have regarded the ethnic Vietnamese Kinh as uncivilized barbarians, and called them Nanman, meaning southern barbarian in Chinese. Recent tensions flared up between China and Vietnam due to the disputes in the South China Sea have caused negative views or hatred of the Vietnamese among the Chinese population. During 2013, one incident where a Chinese shop owner put up the sign saying 'No Dogs, But Also No Japanese, Filipinos, Or Vietnamese allowed' occurred.[12] Also another incident during 2015, chinese cartoonists depicted vietnamese as non-human monkeys in a children's cartoon.

United States

Tension and hatred between Vietnamese and white fishermen rose up in Galveston Bay, Texas, and was intensified by the Ku Klux Klan entering the struggle against the Vietnamese, which resulted in attacks on Vietnamese boats.[13]

Poisonous American mushrooms which looked like edible Vietnamese mushrooms have deceived Vietnamese immigrants in America and resulted in their deaths.[14][15] Other Vietnamese were forced to go to the hospital.[16] An American joke about mushroom poisoning went - "To get rid of the Vietnamese, I think, Americans could have just imported all of the amanites instead of Agent Orange."[17]

Russia

Amid hostility towards migrant workers, around 600 Vietnamese were rounded up in Moscow and placed in squalid conditions in tents while waiting to be deported from Russia in August 2013.[18]

On January 9, 2009, a crowd of people in Moscow stabbed a 21-year-old Vietnamese student named Tang Quoc Binh. The wounds were fatal, resulting in his death on January 10.[19]

On October 2004, Russian skinheads stabbed and beat a Vietnamese student named Vu Anh Tuan, killing him.[20][21][22][23][24][25] Tuan was 20 years old when he was killed in St. Petersburg. In October 2006 the 17 skinheads who were on trial for his murder were acquitted by a court.[26]

In Moscow on Festivalnaya Street in 2008, a group of young men stabbed a Vietnamese woman who was 35 years old and she died of her wounds.[27]

In 2005, in Moscow three Russians stabbed a 45-year-old Vietnamese man named Quan to death[28][29]

A protest was held by 100 Vietnamese against the murder of Vu Anh Tuan and a protester said "We came to study in this country, which we thought was a friend of Vietnam. We do not have drunken fights, we do not steal, we do not sell drugs and we have the right to protection from bandits".[30][31]

In Moscow on December 25, 2004, a crowd of people used clubs and knives to attack 2 Vietnamese students at the Moscow Energy Institute, Nguyen Tuan Anh and Nguyen Hoang Anh and they suffered severe injuries and were hospitalized.[32][33][34][35][36][37]

Derogatory terms

See also

References

  1. ↑ Schliesinger (2015), p. 260
  2. ↑ Tabeau (2009), p. 48
  3. ↑ Prak Chan Thul (April 28, 2014). "Investors wary as anti-Vietnamese feeling grows in Cambodia". REUTERS (PHNOM PENH).
  4. ↑ "Anti-Vietnamese sentiment grows in Cambodia". The Straits Times Asia report (PHNOM PENH). Apr 30, 2014. Archived from the original on 2014.
  5. ↑ Wallace, Julia; Vannarin, Neou (24 Jan 2014). "Cambodia protests unmask anti-Vietnam views". Al Jazeera (Phnom Penh).
  6. ↑ Oaten, James (10 Jul 2014). "Cambodian opposition leader accused of touting anti-Vietnamese racism". Newsline.
  7. ↑ Seiff, Abby; Vannarin, Neou (January 10, 2014). "Anti-Vietnamese sentiment boils in Cambodia". Phnom Penh, Cambodia.
  8. ↑ Quinlan, Daniel; Asian Correspondent Staff (Feb 20, 2014). "Cambodia mob killing highlights festering anti-Vietnamese sentiment". Asian Correspondent.
  9. ↑ Eang, Mengleng; Blomberg, Matt (February 18, 2014). "Killing Reflects Danger of Anti-Vietnamese Sentiment". The Cambodia Daily.
  10. 1 2 Post Staff (4 July 2003). "From Ionia to Vietnam". The Phnom Penh Post.
  11. 1 2 "Pejorative Terms "Yuon" and "Mien"". University Libraries University of Washington. Vietnam Studies Group. 2008.
  12. ↑ Beijing Cream http://beijingcream.com/2013/02/no-dogs-but-also-no-japanese-filipinos-or-vietnamese-allowed. Missing or empty |title= (help)
  13. ↑ STEVENS, WILLIAM K. (April 25, 1981). "KLAN INFLAMES GULF FISHING FIGHT BETWEEN WHITES AND VIETNAMESE". New York Times (SEABROOK, Tex.).
  14. ↑ Nicholas P. Money (22 April 2004). Mr. Bloomfield's Orchard: The Mysterious World of Mushrooms, Molds, and Mycologists. OUP USA. pp. 153–. ISBN 978-0-19-517158-7.
  15. ↑ Oxford OH Nicholas P. Money Teaches in the Department of Botany Miami University (17 October 2002). Mr. Bloomfield's Orchard : The Mysterious World of Mushrooms, Molds, and Mycologists: The Mysterious World of Mushrooms, Molds, and Mycologists. Oxford University Press, USA. pp. 153–. ISBN 978-0-19-803517-6.
  16. ↑ Milan Pelouch (2008). How to Find Morels. University of Michigan Press. pp. 72–. ISBN 0-472-03274-7.
  17. ↑ Gary Alan Fine (2003). Morel Tales: The Culture of Mushrooming. University of Illinois Press. pp. 160–. ISBN 978-0-252-07131-7.
  18. ↑ "Migrants on high-alert following Moscow riots". EQUAL TIMES. 21 October 2013.
  19. ↑ "Another Vietnamese student killed in Russia". THE VOICE OF VIETNAM. 2009-01-11.
  20. ↑ Mankoff, Jeff (August 20, 2007). "Kremlin turns a blind eye to racism". New York Times.
  21. ↑ "Violence and hatred in Russia's new skinhead playground". THE INDEPENDENT. 25 January 2005.
  22. ↑ Osborn, Andrew (January 25, 2005). "Violence and hatred in Russia's new skinhead playground". The Independent.
  23. ↑ "Russian racism 'out of control'". BBC NEWS. 4 May 2006.
  24. ↑ "Russia: New report shows racist killings out of control". Amnesty International UK Press releases. 4 May 2006.
  25. ↑ Martin, Phillip (2008-09-19). "Neo-Nazism in Russia Was A Sure Sign of Things to Come in Georgia". Huffington Post.
  26. ↑ "Russian Court Clears 17 Of Killing Vietnamese Youth". Radio Free Europe Radio Liberty. March 1, 2007.
  27. ↑ "Vietnamese woman stabbed to death in Moscow". RIA Novosti (Moscow, Russia). 2008-03-22. Archived from the original on 2008-03-22.
  28. ↑ thanhniennews (March 13, 2005). "Vietnamese man stabbed to death in Moscow". TALK VIETNAM.
  29. ↑ thanhniennews (March 13, 2005). "Vietnamese man stabbed to death in Moscow". VIETMAZ.
  30. ↑ "Racists kill Vietnamese student in Russia". Reuters (ST PETERSBURG). October 14, 2004.
  31. ↑ "Skinheads stabbed Vietnamese student to death in Russia". 2004-10-14.
  32. ↑ thanhniennews (December 27, 2004). "Two Vietnamese students attacked in Moscow". TALK VIETNAM.
  33. ↑ thanhniennews (December 27, 2004). "Two Vietnamese students attacked in Moscow". VIETMAZ.
  34. ↑ http://www.vietmaz.com/tag/polytechnic-university-in-st/
  35. ↑ thanhniennews (December 27, 2004). "Two Vietnamese students attacked in Moscow". VIETNAM BREAKING NEWS.
  36. ↑ http://www.vietnambreakingnews.com/tag/nguyen-van-nganh/
  37. ↑ http://www.vietnambreakingnews.com/tag/russia-nguyen-van-nganh/
  38. ↑ "Gook: The Short History of an Americanism". Monthly Review. March 1992. Archived from the original on October 30, 2014.
  39. ↑ Sue Peabody (30 June 2003). The Color of Liberty: Histories of Race in France. Duke University Press. pp. 188–. ISBN 0-8223-3117-9.
  40. ↑ Martin Scott Catino (May 2010). The Aggressors: Ho Chi Minh, North Vietnam, and the Communist Bloc. Dog Ear Publishing. pp. 7–. ISBN 978-1-60844-530-1.
  41. ↑ Baker, Katie (2013-09-24). "Searching for Madame Nhu". The Daily Beast.

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