Sonoran pronghorn

Sonoran pronghorn
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Mammalia
Order: Artiodactyla
Family: Antilocapridae
Genus: Antilocapra
Species: A. americana
Subspecies: A. a. sonoriensis
Goldman, 1945
Trinomial name
Antilocapra americana sonoriensis
Goldman, 1945
Sign along the El Camino Del Diablo at the eastern entrance to Cabeza Prieta National Wildlife Refuge, providing information about the animal

The Sonoran pronghorn (Antilocapra americana sonoriensis) is an endangered subspecies of pronghorn that is endemic to the Sonoran Desert.[1]

Conservation

Around 200 animals currently are believed to exist in the United States, up from an estimated 21 individuals in 2002.[2]

In 2012, announcements of two reintroductions were published in the Federal Register. One of the reintroductions was to take place at the Barry M. Goldwater Air Force Range (BMGR) in Yuma, Arizona, and the second was to be at Kofa National Wildlife Refuge.[3]

Obstacles to recovery

There are numerous and ongoing threats to the survival of the Sonoran pronghorn. Not the least of these threats is the fact that much of their habitat is occupied by the BMGR, which is an active United States Air Force bombing range.

Adjacent to the BMGR is the Cabeza Prieta National Wildlife Refuge (CPNWR), also a critical breeding area for this species. Parts of the CPNWR are off-limits to visitors between mid-March and mid-July, during the fawning season, so as to minimize disturbance to herds containing fawns, which can result in the loss of fawns.[4] Despite this fact, this area too is subject to constant environmental pressure. The accompaniments of illegal trafficking of people and drugs from Mexico (such as the construction of illegal roads and trails, reckless disposal of trash, destruction of vegetation and contamination of water sources) have significantly degraded the habitat. The response from law enforcement agencies (such as the U.S. Customs and Border Protection and the Drug Enforcement Administration) has also unfortunately exacerbated this problem.[5][6]

Notes

  1. 1 2 Antelope Specialist Group (1996). Antilocapra americana ssp. sonoriensis. 2006. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. IUCN 2006. www.iucnredlist.org. Retrieved on 2007-06-20.
  2. ↑ Recovery program working for pronghorn, Arthur H. Rotstein, Boston Globe/AP, 14 May 2007.
  3. ↑ http://www.fws.gov/southwest/es/arizona/Documents/SpeciesDocs/SonoranPronghorn/Kofa_Pronghorn_Release_fNR.pdf
  4. ↑ Cabeza Prieta National Wildlife Refuge (2013). "Fawning Season". Ajo, Arizona: United States Fish and Wildlife Service, United States Department of the Interior. Retrieved 2014-12-28.
  5. ↑ Slivka, J (2003-10-30). "Border Crime Ravaging Parks In Arizona In 'Smugglers Crescent,' Public Is Losing Out As Rangers Are Forced To Act As Border Police". The Arizona Republic (Phoenix, Arizona). Retrieved 2014-12-28. Cabeza Prieta National Wildlife Refuge, southeast of Yuma, has more crimes per visitor than any other piece of public land in the West.
  6. ↑ Ingley, K (2005-05-15). "Ghost highways - Arizona desert scarred by illegal immigration traffic". The Arizona Republic (Phoenix, Arizona). Retrieved 2014-12-28. Cabeza Prieta National Wildlife Refuge, southeast of Yuma, has more crimes per visitor than any other piece of public land in the West.

Further reading

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