Archduchess Margaretha of Austria

Archduchess Margaretha of Austria, Princess of Tuscany

Archduchess Margaretha of Austria
Born (1894-05-08)8 May 1894
Lemberg, Austria[1]
Died 21 June 1986(1986-06-21) (aged 92)
Viareggio
Spouse Francesco Maria Taliani de Marchio
House House of Habsburg-Lorraine (by birth)
Father Archduke Leopold Salvator of Austria
Mother Infanta Blanca of Spain

Archduchess Margaretha of Austria German: Margaretha, Erzherzogin von Österreich-Toskana;(8 May 1894 – 21 January 1986) was a daughter of Archduke Leopold Salvator of Austria and Infanta Blanca of Spain. She was member of the Tuscan branch of the Imperial House of Habsburg-Lorraine, an Archduchess of Austria and Princess of Bohemia, Hungary, and Tuscany by birth. After the fall of the Austro Hungary Empire, she lived in exile, first in Barcelona and from the 1930s until the end of her life in Italy. In 1937, she married an Italian diplomat, Marchese Francesco Maria Taliani de Marchio. The couple, who had married in their forties, did not have children.[2]

Early life

Archduchess Margaretha was born on 8 May 1894 at Lemberg, Galicia, (modern day Lviv, in western Ukraine), then part of the Austro-Hungarian Empire.[1] She was the third among the ten children of Archduke Leopold Salvator of Austria (1863–1931) and of his wife Infanta Blanca of Spain (1868–1949). She was christened Margarita Raineria Maria Antonia Blanka Leopoldine Beatrix Anna Josephina. Called Meg within her family, she received the name Margarethe in honor of her maternal grandmother, Princess Margherita of Bourbon-Parma, who died a year later.[3]

Archduchess Margaretha grew up in the last period of Habsburg monarchy. She was raised with her many brothers and sisters in the various properties owned by he parents. While in Vienna, they lived at the Palais Toskana with Schloss Wilhelminenberg as their country state. Vacations were spent in Italy where Infanta Blanca owned a rural property near Viareggio. Theirs was a multi-cultural household as Margaretha's paternal ancestors had reigned in Austria, Tuscany and the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies. Her maternal family had reigned in Spain, Parma, Modena, Portugal and France.

Archduchess Margaretha was educated in the company of her sisters Dolores and Immaculata. The three archduchess, very close in age, were artistically inclined.[4] Margaretha had a passion for drama. She learned, besides her native German, French, Spanish Hungarian and Italian.

Exile

At the fall of Habsburg monarchy, the republican government of Austria confiscated the properties of the Habsburgs. The family lost all their fortune.[5] Margaretha's two eldest brothers, Archdukes Rainer and Leopold, decided to remain in Austria and recognized the new republic. The rest of the family moved to Spain in January 1919. They lived in Barcelona, with simplicity for more than fifteen years. The unleash of the Spanish Civil War in 1936 forced Archduchess Margaretha, her mother and her unmarried siblings to leave Spain.

Archduchess Margaretha married late in life. Her husband, Francesco Maria Taliani, Marchese di Marchio (22 October 1887 - 16 March 1968), was an Italian diplomat. The wedding took place on 27 November 1937 at Schloss Sonnberg, property of her brother Archduke Anton and his wife Princess Ileana of Romania.

Archduchess Margaretha and her husband settled in Nanjing, then capital of China, where Taliani served as the Italian ambassador to China between 1938 to 1943.[2] It was a turbulent period. In December 1937, Japanese troops occupied Nanjing. In June 1940, Italy entered World War II siding with Germany and Japan. When, in September 1943, Italy surrendered to the Allied forces, Archduchess Margaretha and her husband were detained and interned in a Japanese concentration camp until the summer of 1945.[6] Early in 1946, Archduchess Margaretha and her husband returned to Italy. In February 1951, they moved to Spain, where Margaretha's husband served as the Italian Ambassador to Francisco Franco's government until 1952, when Taliani was forced to retire.[2] The couple settled in Rome. After twenty years of marriage, Francesco Maria Taliani de Marchio died in 1968, age 80. In her widowhood Archduchess Margaretha lived between Rome and la Tenuata reale, a rural property near Viareggio that she shared with her sisters Dolores and Immaculata. Archduchess Margaretha outlived her two sisters. At her death in Rome on 21 June 1986, at age 92, she bequested la Tenuata reale to the commune of Viareggio to serve as public and cultural center.

Notes

  1. 1 2 Harding, Lost Waltz, p. 20
  2. 1 2 3 McIntosh, The Unknown Habsburgs, p. 53
  3. ↑ Harding, Lost Waltz, p. 294
  4. ↑ Harding, Lost Waltz, p. 115
  5. ↑ McIntosh, The Unknown Habsburgs, p. 48
  6. ↑ Hamann, The Habsburgs, p. 447

Bibliography

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