Arkivet (Kristiansand)

Arkivet (meaning the Archive) is the established name of Vesterveien 4 in Kristiansand, Norway. The building was constructed in 1935 for the Archival Services in Kristiansand, and in the periods 1935–1940 and 1945–1997 used by this institution. Nevertheless, the building is known as the headquarters of the Gestapo in southern Norway in the period 1942–1945. The building is owned and operated by the foundation Stiftelsen Arkivet. Arikivet is located in the residential area of Bellevue overlooking the western harbor of Kristiansand. The building in the functionalist style was completed in 1935, and was 8 March of that year officially adopted by the local departement of the National Archives.

From museum exhibition in the basement from the time when the building was Gestapo headquarters, here from SS-Hauptsturmführer Rudolf Kerner's office

Gestapo headquarters

After Norway was occupied by Nazi Germany in April 1940, the building was taken over by German anti-aircraft troops. In 1941 it was given back to the Norwegian National Archives. A year later, in 1942, the building was requisitioned by the Gestapo, however. Until May 1945 Vesterveien 4 was the Gestapo headquarters in the southern Norway.[1]

The SS-Hauptsturmführer and Kriminalkommisar Rudolf Kerner was in charge of the building at Vesterveien 4, from then on known as Arkivet, one of the most notorious Gestapo stations in Norway, feared by the Norwegian resistance fighters.[2] According to figures from Stiftelsen Arkivet were

From the "House of horror" as Arkivet was nicknamed, Kerner himself and five other Gestapo officers in addition to Norwegian collaborationists including Ole Wehus were prosecuted and harshly judged during the Legal purge in Norway after World War II.

In 1945 the building was again adopted by the Norwegian National Archives. All archival material during the war were brought to safety in Oslo – which was also kept in the silver mines at Kongsberg – and no material was lost while the German occupiers were in possession of the building. The building was once again used by the National Archives until 1997.

Stiftelsen Arkivet

After the National Archives in Kristiansand was moved to a new building in another location, the old building was taken over by the foundation Stiftelsen Arkivet, which conducts research on and outreach on Norwegian occupation history.

The basement, where there is a museum furnished, is brought back to the condition it was in the period 1942–1945, with reconstructions of cells, torture chambers and equipment. Among others is the torture scene where Henriette Bie Lorentzen was tortured reconstructed. Arkivet is the only existing, authentic Gestapo headquarters in Norway.[4]

The building became an information center about Norway during World War II and education for peace building and conflict resolution.[5]

The first floor and upwards of the building is leased to humanitarian organizations as the Red Cross and Amnesty International.

The names of 162 Norwegian victims who were killed in concentration camps or executed, are mounted on a monument in front of the building.[6]

The building is open to the public.[7]

References

Literature in Norwegian

External links

Coordinates: 58°08′41″N 7°58′53″E / 58.1446°N 7.9815°E / 58.1446; 7.9815

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