Artery of Percheron

Artery of Percheron
The arterial circle and arteries of the brain. The artery of Percheron (not shown) arise from either the left or right posterior cerebral artery (bottom forks)
Details
Source	Posterior cerebral artery
Supplies	Both sides of thalamus and midbrain
Dorlands /Elsevier	r_02/12692029
Anatomical terminology [edit on Wikidata]

The artery of Percheron (AOP) is a rare anatomic variation in the brain vascularization in which a single arterial trunk arises from the posterior cerebral artery (PCA) to supply both sides of brain structures; the thalamus and midbrain.

Clinical significance

The functions of the thalamus and midbrain include the regulation of consciousness, sleep and alertness. Occlusion of the artery of Percheron, for example by a clot, could result in a posterior circulation infarct impairing structures on both sides of the brain. This can produce a bizarre disturbance such as sleep from which the patient cannot be awakened.^[1]

History

The artery of Percheron was first described in 1973 by the French medical scientist Gerard Percheron.^[2][3]

References

1. Sanders, Lisa (February 3, 2012). "Think Like a Doctor: Sleeping Wife Solved!". The New York Times.
2. Percheron G (August 1973). "The anatomy of the arterial supply of the human thalamus and its use for the interpretation of the thalamic vascular pathology". Zeitschrift für Neurologie 205 (1): 1–13. doi:10.1007/BF00315956. PMID 4126735.
3. Agarwal N, Chaudhari A, Hansberry DR, Prestigiacomo CJ (January 2014). "Redefining thalamic vascularization vicariously through gerald percheron: a historical vignette". World Neurosurgery 81 (1): 198–201. doi:10.1016/j.wneu.2013.01.030. PMID 23314026.