Arya metre
Āryā meter is a meter used in Sanskrit and Prakrit verses. A verse in āryā metre is in four metrical feet called pādas. Unlike the majority of meters employed in classical Sanskrit, the āryā meter is based on the number of mātrās (morae) per pāda. A syllable containing a short vowel counts for one mātrā, and a syllable containing a long vowel or a short vowel followed by two consonants counts for two mātrās. It is believed that arya meter was taken from the gatha meter of Prakrit. [1] Arya metre is common in Jain Prakrit texts and hence considered as favourite metre of early authors of Jainism. The earlier form of the arya metre is called old gati, which occurs in a some very early Prakrit and Pàli texts.[2]
Āryā
The basic āryā verse has 12, 18, 12 and 15 mātrās in the first, second, third, and fourth pādas respectively.
Vṛttaratnākara lists several other conditions:
- Odd numbered mātrā-gaṇas should not be ja-gaṇa.
- Sixth gaṇa should be ja-gaṇa.
Gīti
The gīti meter has 12, 18, 12 and 18 mātrās in its four pādas respectively.
Vṛttaratnākara lists several other conditions.
Upagīti
The upagīti meter has 12, 15, 12 and 15 mātrās in its four pādas respectively.
Vṛttaratnākara lists several other conditions.
Udgīti
The udgīti meter has 12, 15, 12 and 18 mātrās in its four pādas respectively.
Vṛttaratnākara lists several other conditions.
Āryāgīti
The āryāgīti meter has 12, 20, 12 and 20 mātrās in its four pādas respectively.
Vṛttaratnākara lists several other conditions.
References
- ↑ Garg, Ganga Ram (1992). Encyclopaedia of the Hindu World. Concept Publishing Company. ISBN 81-7022-373-3. p. 653
- ↑ Prof. K.R. Norman. "The origins of the àryà metre". Retrieved 2009-11-11.