Astragalus propinquus

Astragalus propinquus
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae
(unranked): Angiosperms
(unranked): Eudicots
(unranked): Rosids
Order: Fabales
Family: Fabaceae
Genus: Astragalus
Species: A. propinquus
Binomial name
Astragalus propinquus
Schischkin[1]
Synonyms
  • "Astragalus membranaceus (Fisch.) Bunge
  • Astragalus membranaceus (Fisch.) Bunge var. mongholicus (Bunge)P.K.Hsiao
  • Astragalus propinquus Schischkin var. glabra Vydr.
  • Phaca membranacea Fisch."[1]

Astragalus propinquus (syn. Astragalus membranaceus[2] also known as huáng qí (Chinese: ), běi qí (Chinese: ) or huáng huā huáng qí (Chinese: 黄花黄耆),[3] is a flowering plant in the family Fabaceae. It is one of the 50 fundamental herbs used in traditional Chinese medicine.[4] It is a perennial plant and it is not listed as being threatened.[1]

Use

Herbalism

A. propinquus is used in traditional Chinese medicine for healing and for diabetes.[5]

Related species

The natural gum tragacanth, which is used in pharmaceuticals and textiles, is obtained from Astragalus tragacanthus.[6]

Medical

A. propinquus is an component in Lectranal, a food supplement used in treatment of seasonal allergic rhinitis.[7][8]

Chemistry

An extract of A. propinquus called TA-65 may activate telomerase, extending the lengths of the shortest telomeres which protect the terminal DNA at the ends of all chromosomes.[9] It contains the saponin cycloastragenol. Constituents of the roots (Radix Astragali) include polysaccharides, triterpenoids (astragalosides)[10] as well as isoflavones (including kumatakenin, calycosin and formononetin) along with their glycosides and malonates.[11]

Toxicology

While several other species of Astragalus are known to cause severe poisonings in livestock due to indolizine alkaloids, aliphatic nitro compounds, and accumulated selenium,[12] none of these constituents have been detected in the medicinal species Astragalus membranaceus used in dietary supplements and TCM preparations.[13]

Compendial status

A. propinquus is listed in the following official Pharmacopeia:

See also

Notes and references

  1. 1 2 3 "Astragalus propinquus Schischkin". LegumeWeb. International Legume Database & Information Service. 2005-11-01. Retrieved 2012-02-27.
  2. http://www.ildis.org/LegumeWeb?version~10.01&LegumeWeb&tno~16104&genus~Astragalus&species~membranaceus
  3. Joe Hing Kwok Chu. "Huang qi". Complementary and Alternative Healing University. Retrieved 2012-02-27.
  4. "Astragalus membranaceus - Moench.". Plants for a Future.
  5. Block, Keith I.; Mead, Mark N. (1 September 2003). "Immune System Effects of Echinacea, Ginseng, and Astragalus: A Review". Integrative Cancer Therapies 2 (3): 247–267. doi:10.1177/1534735403256419.
  6. Gentry, H. S.; Mittleman, M.; McCrohan, P. R. (1990). "Introduction of Chia and Gum Tragacanth in the U.S.". Purdue University Crop Index. Purdue University. Retrieved 2012-02-26.
  7. Matkovic Z, Zivkovic V, Korica M, Plavec D, Pecanic S, Tudoric N. (2010). "Efficacy and safety of Astragalus membranaceus in the treatment of patients with seasonal allergic rhinitis".
  8. Guo, Ruoling; Pittler, Max H.; Ernst, Edzard (December 2007). "Herbal medicines for the treatment of allergic rhinitis: a systematic review". Annals of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology 99 (6): 483–495. doi:10.1016/S1081-1206(10)60375-4. PMID 18219828.
  9. Harley, C. B.; Liu, W.; Blasco, M.; Vera, E.; Andrews, W. H.; Briggs, L. A.; Raffaele, J. M. (2011). "A Natural Product Telomerase Activator As Part of a Health Maintenance Program". Rejuvenation Research 14 (1): 45–56. doi:10.1089/rej.2010.1085. PMC 3045570. PMID 20822369.
  10. Xu, Q.; Ma, X.; Liang, X. (2007). "Determination of Astragalosides in the Roots of Astragalus spp. Using Liquid Chromatography Tandem Atmospheric Pressure Chemical Ionization Mass Spectrometry". Phytochemical Analysis 18 (5): 419–427. doi:10.1002/pca.997. PMID 17624885.
  11. Lin, L. Z.; He, X. G.; Lindenmaier, M.; Nolan, G.; Yang, J.; Cleary, M.; Qiu, S. X.; Cordell, G. A. (2000). "Liquid Chromatography-Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry Study of the Flavonoids of the Roots of Astragalus mongholicus and A. membranaceus". Journal of Chromatography A 876 (1–2): 87–95. doi:10.1016/S0021-9673(00)00149-7. PMID 10823504.
  12. "A review of the pharmacology and toxicology of Astragalus". Phytotherapy Research.
  13. "Astragalus". WebMD.
  14. Japanese Pharmacopoeia (PDF) (15th ed.).

External links

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