Asuka-Fujiwara

Asuka-Fujiwara: Archaeological sites of Japan’s Ancient Capitals and Related Properties is a cluster of archaeological sites from in and around the late sixth- to early eighth-century capitals of Asuka and Fujiwara-kyō, Nara Prefecture, Japan. In 2007 twenty-eight sites were submitted jointly for future inscription on the UNESCO World Heritage List under criteria ii, iii, iv, v, and vi. Currently the submission resides on the Tentative List.^[1][2]

Since 2011, the Cultural Landscape of the Asuka Hinterland has been protected as one of the Cultural Landscapes of Japan.^[3] An area of 60 ha is also protected within the Asuka Historical National Government Park.^[4] Related artefacts are housed at the Asuka Historical Museum.^[5]

Sites

Site	Municipality	Comments	Image	Coordinates
Ishibutai Kofun 石舞台古墳 Ishibutai kofun	Asuka	C7 kofun; the largest stone weighs over seventy-five tons; Special Historic Site[6][7]		34°28′01″N 135°49′34″E / 34.46686286°N 135.82612794°E
Takamatsuzuka Tomb 高松塚古墳 Takamatsuzuka kofun	Asuka	Special Historic Site with National Treasure wall paintings (detached in 2007) and ICP grave goods[8][9][10][11]		34°27′44″N 135°48′22″E / 34.46226847°N 135.80619935°E
Kitora Tomb キトラ古墳 Kitora kofun	Asuka	Special Historic Site with wall paintings of the four directions and an astronomical chart, also recently detached[11][12]		34°27′04″N 135°48′19″E / 34.4510899°N 135.80516226°E
Kawara-dera Site 川原寺跡 Kawaradera ato	Asuka	Historic Site and temple complex with roof tiles that are "among the most beautiful ever made in Japan"[13][14]		34°28′21″N 135°49′03″E / 34.47249006°N 135.81740826°E
Daikandai-ji Site 大官大寺跡 Daikandaiji ato	Asuka	Historic Site and precursor to Daian-ji[14][15]		34°29′18″N 135°49′05″E / 34.48844301°N 135.81818651°E
Asagaotsuka Kofun 牽牛子塚古墳 Asagaotsuka kofun	Asuka	Historic Site with ICP grave goods[16][17]		34°27′59″N 135°47′32″E / 34.46638486°N 135.79233279°E
Nakaoyama Kofun 中尾山古墳 Nakaoyama kofun	Asuka	Historic Site[18]		34°27′51″N 135°48′22″E / 34.46422182°N 135.8059738°E
Sakafune Ishi Site 酒船石遺跡 Sakafune-ishi iseki	Asuka	Historic Site[19]		34°28′32″N 135°49′24″E / 34.47555984°N 135.82345272°E
Jōrin-ji Site 定林寺跡 Jōrinji ato	Asuka	Historic Site[20]		34°28′01″N 135°48′46″E / 34.46688944°N 135.81272012°E
Asuka-dera Site 飛鳥寺跡 Asukadera ato	Asuka	Historic Site[21]		34°28′43″N 135°49′14″E / 34.4784979°N 135.82058527°E
Tachibana-dera Precinct 橘寺境内 Tachibanadera keidai	Asuka	Historic Site[22]		34°28′12″N 135°49′04″E / 34.47008648°N 135.81773828°E
Iwayayama Kofun 岩屋山古墳 Iwayayama kofun	Asuka	Historic Site[23]		34°27′57″N 135°47′51″E / 34.46571205°N 135.79763412°E
Itabuki Palace Site 伝飛鳥板蓋宮跡 den Asuka Itabuki no miya ato	Asuka	Historic Site and one of the imperial palaces while the capital was at Asuka[24]		34°28′24″N 135°49′16″E / 34.47337281°N 135.82100944°E
Asuka Mizuochi Site 飛鳥水落遺跡 Asuka Mizuochi iseki	Asuka	Historic Site[25]		34°28′49″N 135°49′06″E / 34.48035257°N 135.81829106°E
Inabuchi Palace Site 飛鳥稲淵宮殿跡 Asuka Inabuchi kyūden ato	Asuka	Historic Site[26]		34°27′47″N 135°49′20″E / 34.46299334°N 135.82229861°E
Marukoyama Kofun マルコ山古墳 Marukoyama kofun	Asuka	Historic Site[27]		34°27′39″N 135°47′26″E / 34.46096019°N 135.79068029°E
Asuka Pond Workshop Site 飛鳥池工房遺跡 Asuka-ike kōbō iseki	Asuka	Historic Site and government workshop, producing items of gold, silver, bronze, and iron, as well as lacquerware; also a mint[28][29]		34°28′38″N 135°49′21″E / 34.47728182°N 135.82244459°E
Hinokuma-dera Site 檜隈寺跡 Hinokumadera ato	Asuka	Historic Site and recipient in 686 of a thirty-year maintenance grant of a hundred households, as chronicled in Nihon Shoki[30][31][32]		34°27′24″N 135°48′11″E / 34.456757°N 135.803116°E
Asuka Palace Ponds 飛鳥京跡苑池 Asuka-kyō ato enchi	Asuka	Historic Site and Place of Scenic Beauty, a pair of ponds in gardens extending 80 metres E-W and at least 230 metres N-S and related to the Itabuki Palace[33][34]		34°28′30″N 135°49′07″E / 34.474987°N 135.818604°E
Oka-dera Site 岡寺跡 Okadera ato	Asuka	Historic Site[35][36]		34°28′18″N 135°49′41″E / 34.47165872°N 135.82804543°E
Yamada-dera Site 山田寺跡 Yamadadera ato	Sakurai	Special Historic Site with well-preserved ICP wooden corridors discovered in 1982[37][38][39]		34°29′03″N 135°49′48″E / 34.48404558°N 135.83012668°E
Fujiwara Palace Site 藤原宮跡 Fujiwara-kyū seki	Kashihara	Special Historic Site and former capital[40]		34°30′08″N 135°48′26″E / 34.50222329°N 135.80732073°E
Moto Yakushi-ji Site 本薬師寺跡 Moto Yakushiji ato	Kashihara	Special Historic Site and precursor to Yakushi-ji; established by Emperor Temmu for the recovery of Empress Jitō[14][41][42]		34°29′34″N 135°48′00″E / 34.49266238°N 135.7999852°E
Ueyama Kofun 植山古墳 Ueyama kofun	Kashihara	Historic Site unearthed during studies to reroute the city's roads, comprising two rectangular burial mounds c.13m long with stone chambers in a hill measuring 40x27m; of different construction dates in late C6 and C7[43][44]		34°28′35″N 135°48′14″E / 34.47635104°N 135.80402341°E
Maruyama Kofun 丸山古墳 Maruyama kofun	Kashihara	Historic Site investigated by William Gowland, a rectangular chamber with two sarcophagi, long corridor, and stone roof weighing in excess of a hundred tons[45][46]		34°28′36″N 135°47′53″E / 34.47661917°N 135.79816017°E
Shōbuike Kofun 菖蒲池古墳 Shōbuike kofun	Kashihara	Historic Site and C7 rectangular tumulus with two sarcophagi[47][48]		34°28′21″N 135°48′28″E / 34.47263012°N 135.80771678°E
Fujiwara-kyō Suzaku Avenue Site 藤原京朱雀大路跡 Fujiwara-kyō seki Suzaku-ōji ato	Kashihara	Historic Site (see also Suzakumon)[49]		34°29′46″N 135°48′27″E / 34.49613691°N 135.80745531°E
Yamato Sanzan 大和三山 Yamato sanzan	Kashihara	Place of Scenic Beauty and meisho celebrated in Japanese poetry [50]		34°30′54″N 135°48′20″E / 34.51488847°N 135.80560453°E

See also

• Asuka period
• List of National Treasures of Japan (archaeological materials)
• World Heritage Sites in Japan

References

1. "Asuka-Fujiwara: Archaeological sites of Japan’s Ancient Capitals and Related Properties". UNESCO. Retrieved 14 May 2011.
2. "Monuments". Asuka Mura. Retrieved 2 Feb 2013.
3. "奥飛鳥の文化的景観" [Cultural Landscape of the Asuka Hinterland]. Agency for Cultural Affairs. Retrieved 12 June 2012.
4. "Asuka Historical National Government Park". Asuka Historical National Government Park. Retrieved 12 June 2012.
5. "Asuka Historical Museum". Nara National Research Institute for Cultural Properties. Retrieved 12 June 2012.
6. 石舞台古墳 [Ishibutai Kofun] (in Japanese). Agency for Cultural Affairs. Retrieved 12 June 2012.
7. "Ishibutai Kofun". Asuka Historical Museum. Archived from the original on 24 April 2011. Retrieved 14 May 2011.
8. 高松塚古墳 [Takamatsuzuka Kofun] (in Japanese). Agency for Cultural Affairs. Retrieved 12 June 2012.
9. 高松塚古墳壁画 [Wall Paintings from the Takamatsuzuka Kofun] (in Japanese). Agency for Cultural Affairs. Retrieved 12 June 2012.
10. 高松塚古墳出土品 [Excavated Artefacts from the Takamatsuzuka Kofun] (in Japanese). Agency for Cultural Affairs. Retrieved 12 June 2012.
11. ""Conservation" of mural paintings of Takamatsuzuka and Kitora Tumuli Japan" (PDF). French Ministry of Culture. Retrieved 14 May 2011.
12. キトラ古墳 [Kitora Kofun] (in Japanese). Agency for Cultural Affairs. Retrieved 12 June 2012.
13. 川原寺跡 [Kawaradera Site] (in Japanese). Agency for Cultural Affairs. Retrieved 12 June 2012.
14. McCallum, Donald F (2009). The Four Great Temples: Buddhist Archaeology, Architecture, and Icons of Seventh-Century Japan. University of Hawaii Press. ISBN 978-0-8248-3114-1.
15. "大官大寺跡" [Daikandaiji Site]. Agency for Cultural Affairs. Retrieved 12 June 2012.
16. 牽牛子塚古墳 [Asagaotsuka Kofun] (in Japanese). Agency for Cultural Affairs. Retrieved 12 June 2012.
17. 大和国高市郡牽牛子塚古墳出土品 [Excavated Artefacts from the Asagaotsuka Kofun] (in Japanese). Agency for Cultural Affairs. Retrieved 12 June 2012.
18. 中尾山古墳 [Nakaoyama Kofun] (in Japanese). Agency for Cultural Affairs. Retrieved 12 June 2012.
19. 酒船石遺跡 [Sakafune Ishi Site] (in Japanese). Agency for Cultural Affairs. Retrieved 12 June 2012.
20. 定林寺跡 [Jōrinji Site] (in Japanese). Agency for Cultural Affairs. Retrieved 12 June 2012.
21. "飛鳥寺跡" [Asukadera Site]. Agency for Cultural Affairs. Retrieved 12 June 2012.
22. 橘寺境内 [Tachibanadera Precinct] (in Japanese). Agency for Cultural Affairs. Retrieved 12 June 2012.
23. 岩屋山古墳 [Iwayama Kofun] (in Japanese). Agency for Cultural Affairs. Retrieved 12 June 2012.
24. 伝飛鳥板蓋宮跡 [Site known as the Asuka Itabuki Palace] (in Japanese). Agency for Cultural Affairs. Retrieved 12 June 2012.
25. "飛鳥水落遺跡" [Asuka Mizuochi Site]. Agency for Cultural Affairs. Retrieved 12 June 2012.
26. "飛鳥稲淵宮殿跡" [Asuka Inabuchi Palace Site]. Agency for Cultural Affairs. Retrieved 12 June 2012.
27. マルコ山古墳 [Marukoyama Kofun] (in Japanese). Agency for Cultural Affairs. Retrieved 12 June 2012.
28. 飛鳥池工房遺跡 [Asuka Pond Workshop Site] (in Japanese). Agency for Cultural Affairs. Retrieved 12 June 2012.
29. "Site of Asuka-ike workshop". Kashihara City. Retrieved 14 May 2011.
30. 檜隈寺跡 [Hinokumadera Site] (in Japanese). Agency for Cultural Affairs. Retrieved 12 June 2012.
31. "Site of Hinokuma-dera". Kashihara City. Retrieved 14 May 2011.
32. Aston, W.G (1972) [1896]. Nihongi: Chronicles of Japan from the Earliest Times to A.D. 697 2. Tuttle. p. 379. ISBN 0-8048-0984-4.
33. "飛鳥京跡苑池" [Asuka Palace Ponds]. Agency for Cultural Affairs. Retrieved 12 June 2012.
34. 史跡 名勝 飛鳥京跡苑池 [Historic Site & Place of Scenic Beauty: Asuka Palace Pond] (in Japanese). Kashihara City. Retrieved 12 June 2012.
35. 岡寺跡 [Okadera Site] (in Japanese). Agency for Cultural Affairs. Retrieved 12 June 2012.
36. "Oka-dera". Asuka Historical Museum. Retrieved 14 May 2011.
37. 山田寺跡 [Yamadadera Site] (in Japanese). Agency for Cultural Affairs. Retrieved 12 June 2012.
38. 奈良県山田寺跡出土品 [Excavated Artefacts from Yamadadera] (in Japanese). Agency for Cultural Affairs. Retrieved 12 June 2012.
39. Parent, Mary Neighbour (1984). "Yamadadera: Tragedy and Triumph". Monumenta Nipponica (Sophia University) 39 (3): 307–331. doi:10.2307/2384596.
40. 藤原宮跡 [Fujiwara Palace Site] (in Japanese). Agency for Cultural Affairs. Retrieved 12 June 2012.
41. 本薬師寺跡 [Moto Yakushiji Site] (in Japanese). Agency for Cultural Affairs. Retrieved 12 June 2012.
42. "Moto Yakushiji". Asuka Historical Museum. Retrieved 14 May 2011.
43. 植山古墳 [Ueyama Kofun] (in Japanese). Agency for Cultural Affairs. Retrieved 12 June 2012.
44. "Burial site unearthed in Nara". The Japan Times. 18 August 2000. Retrieved 15 May 2011.
45. 丸山古墳 [Maruyama Kofun] (in Japanese). Agency for Cultural Affairs. Retrieved 12 June 2012.
46. "Maruyama Kofun". Asuka Historical Museum. Retrieved 14 May 2011.
47. 菖蒲池古墳 [Shōbuike Kofun] (in Japanese). Agency for Cultural Affairs. Retrieved 12 June 2012.
48. "Shobu-ike Kofun". Asuka Historical Museum. Retrieved 14 May 2011.
49. 藤原京跡 朱雀大路跡 [Fujiwara-kyō Suzaku Avenue Site] (in Japanese). Agency for Cultural Affairs. Retrieved 12 June 2012.
50. 大和三山 [Yamato Sanzan] (in Japanese). Agency for Cultural Affairs. Retrieved 12 June 2012.

External links

• UNESCO Tentative List entry
• (Japanese) Asuka-Fujiwara World Heritage