Avicularia

This article is about the spider genus. For the bryozoan zooid form, see avicularium.
Avicularia
Female Avicularia versicolor
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Subphylum: Chelicerata
Class: Arachnida
Order: Araneae
Infraorder: Mygalomorphae
Family: Theraphosidae
Genus: Avicularia
Lamarck, 1818[1]
Species

See article

Diversity
54 species
Synonyms[1]

Ancylochiros Mello-Leitão, 1920
Avicuscodra Strand, 1908
Eurypelma C. L. Koch, 1850

Avicularia is a genus of the family Theraphosidae containing various species of tarantulas. The genus is native to tropical South America. Each species in the genus has very distinguishable pink foot pads.

One of the most notable features of the Avicularia species is its odd method of defense. When threatened, their first choice is to jump or run away as quickly as possible - occasionally, though, they will launch a jet of excrement at the perceived threat. Adults are capable of good accuracy and a range of 0.5–1 m (2 or 3 feet).

There is also a belief that they may be the reason behind rumors of "flying spiders" in the rainforests they are native to, as they are quite adept at jumping. Their legs, however, prevent them from gaining much height in making a jump.

Avicularia metallica Female

Avicularia avicularia are among the tarantulas most commonly kept as pets.

Species

As of March 2016, the World Spider Catalog accepted the following species:[1]

  • Avicularia affinis (Nicolet, 1849) – Chile
  • Avicularia ancylochira Mello-Leitão, 1923 – Brazil
  • Avicularia arabica (Strand, 1908) – supposedly Egypt but probably South America
  • Avicularia aurantiaca Bauer, 1996 – Peru
  • Avicularia avicularia (Linnaeus, 1758) (type species) – Costa Rica to Brazil
  • Avicularia aymara (Chamberlin, 1916) – Peru
  • Avicularia azuraklaasi Tesmoingt, 1996 – Peru
  • Avicularia bicegoi Mello-Leitão, 1923 – Brazil
  • Avicularia braunshauseni Tesmoingt, 1999 – Brazil
  • Avicularia caesia (C. L. Koch, 1842) – Puerto Rico
  • Avicularia cuminami Mello-Leitão, 1930 – Brazil
  • Avicularia detrita (C. L. Koch, 1842) – Brazil
  • Avicularia diversipes (C. L. Koch, 1842) – Brazil
  • Avicularia doleschalli (Ausserer, 1871) – Brazil
  • Avicularia exilis Strand, 1907 – Suriname
  • Avicularia fasciculata Strand, 1907 – South America
  • Avicularia gamba Bertani & Fukushima, 2009 – Brazil
  • Avicularia geroldi Tesmoingt, 1999 – Brazil
  • Avicularia glauca Simon, 1891 – Panama
  • Avicularia gracilis (Keyserling, 1891) – Brazil
  • Avicularia hirschii Bullmer, Thierer-Lutz & Schmidt, 2006 – Ecuador
  • Avicularia hirsuta (Ausserer, 1875) – Cuba
  • Avicularia holmbergi Thorell, 1890 – French Guiana
  • Avicularia huriana Tesmoingt, 1996 – Ecuador
  • Avicularia juruensis Mello-Leitão, 1923 – Brazil
  • Avicularia laeta (C. L. Koch, 1842) – Brazil, Puerto Rico
  • Avicularia leporina (C. L. Koch, 1841) – Brazil
  • Avicularia metallica Ausserer, 1875 – Suriname
  • Avicularia minatrix Pocock, 1903 – Venezuela
  • Avicularia nigrotaeniata Mello-Leitão, 1940 – Guyana
  • Avicularia ochracea (Perty, 1833) – Brazil
  • Avicularia plantaris (C. L. Koch, 1842) – Brazil
  • Avicularia purpurea Kirk, 1990 – Ecuador
  • Avicularia rapax (Ausserer, 1875) – South America
  • Avicularia rickwesti Bertani & Huff, 2013 – Dominican Republic
  • Avicularia rufa Schiapelli & Gerschman, 1945 – Brazil
  • Avicularia rutilans Ausserer, 1875 – Colombia
  • Avicularia sooretama Bertani & Fukushima, 2009 – Brazil
  • Avicularia soratae Strand, 1907 – Bolivia
  • Avicularia subvulpina Strand, 1906 – South America
  • Avicularia surinamensis Strand, 1907 – Suriname
  • Avicularia taunayi (Mello-Leitão, 1920) – Brazil
  • Avicularia ulrichea Tesmoingt, 1996 – Brazil
  • Avicularia urticans Schmidt, 1994 – Peru
  • Avicularia velutina Simon, 1889 – Venezuela
  • Avicularia versicolor (Walckenaer, 1837) – Guadeloupe, Martinique
  • Avicularia walckenaeri (Perty, 1833) – Brazil
Transferred to other genera

Avicularia annulipes → Euoplos annulipes (Idiopidae)
Avicularia anthracina → Grammostola anthracina
Avicularia aureoceps → Brachypelma aureoceps
Avicularia bistriata → Ephebopus murinus
Avicularia borelli → Grammostola borelli
Avicularia brunnipes → Kochiana brunnipes
Avicularia caniceps → Aphonopelma caniceps
Avicularia conspersa → Rachias conspersus (Nemesiidae)
Avicularia cyaneopubescens → Chromatopelma cyaneopubescens
Avicularia deborrii (Becker, 1879) → Tapinauchenius plumipes
Avicularia dubia → Vitalius dubius
Avicularia duplex → Aphonopelma duplex
Avicularia embrithes → Brachypelma embrithes
Avicularia emilia → Brachypelma emilia
Avicularia epicureana → Brachypelma epicureanum
Avicularia geotoma → Aphonopelma geotoma
Avicularia guyana → Eupalaestrus guyanus
Avicularia hageni → Aphonopelma hageni
Avicularia helluo → Aphonopelma helluo
Avicularia hespera → Aphonopelma hesperum
Avicularia imperatrix → Plesiopelma imperatrix
Avicularia lanceolata → Aphonopelma lanceolatum
Avicularia latens → Aphonopelma latens
Avicularia magdalena (Karsch, 1879) → Hapalopus formosus
Avicularia marxi → Aphonopelma marxi
Avicularia mendozae → Grammostola mendozae
Avicularia mesomelas → Megaphobema mesomelas
Avicularia minax (Thorell, 1894) → Grammostola doeringi
Avicularia muritelaria (Holmberg, 1876) → Kukulcani ahibernalis [Hentz, 1842] {Filistatidae}
Avicularia myodes → Plesiopelma myodes
Avicularia obscura → Ami obscura
Avicularia pallida → Aphonopelma pallidum
Avicularia palmicola (Mello-Leitão, 1945) → Iridopelma hirsutum
Avicularia panamensis → Sericopelma panamense
Avicularia parva → Catumiri parvum
Avicularia parvior → Lasiodora parvior
Avicularia pulchra (Mello-Leitão, 1933) and Avicularia recifiensis [Struchen & Brändle, 1996] → Pachistopelma rufonigrum
Avicularia regina (Chamberlin, 1917) → Homoeomma strabo
Avicularia rustica → Aphonopelma rusticum
Avicularia sabulosa → Brachypelma sabulosum
Avicularia saltator (Pocock, 1903) → Eupalaestrus weijenberghi
Avicularia seemanni → Aphonopelma seemani
Avicularia seladonia → Typhochlaena seladonia
Avicularia serrata → Aphonopelma serratum
Avicularia smithi → Brachypelma smithi
Avicularia spinicrus → Citharacanthus spinicrus
Avicularia steindachneri → Aphonopelma steindachneri
Avicularia stoica → Aphonopelma stoicum
Avicularia tamaulipeca → Clavopelma tamaulipeca
Avicularia tripeppi → Nhandu tripeppi
Avicularia truncata → Aphonopelma truncatum
Avicularia vagans → Brachypelma vagans
Avicularia vellutina → Vitalius vellutinus
Avicularia violacea → Tapinauchenius violaceus
Avicularia wacketi → Vitalius wacketi
Avicularia zorodes → Iridopelma zorodes

References

  1. 1 2 3 "Gen. Avicularia Lamarck, 1818", World Spider Catalog (Natural History Museum Bern), retrieved 2016-03-25

External links

This article is issued from Wikipedia - version of the Friday, March 25, 2016. The text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution/Share Alike but additional terms may apply for the media files.