Azotobacter vinelandii

Azotobacter
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Bacteria
Phylum: Proteobacteria
Class: Gammaproteobacteria
Order: Pseudomonadales
Family: Pseudomonadaceae
Genus: Azotobacter
Species: A. vinelandii
Binomial name
Azotobacter vinelandii
Lipman[1]

Azotobacter vinelandii is gram-negative diazotroph that can fix nitrogen while grown aerobically. It is a genetically tractable system that is used to study nitrogen fixation. These bacteria are easily cultured and grown.

A. vinelandii is a free-living N2 fixer known to produce many phytohormones and vitamins in soils. It produces fluorescent pyoverdine pigments.[2]

The nitrogenase holoenzyme of Azotobacter vinelandii has been characterised via x-ray crystallography in both ADP tetrafluoroaluminate-bound[3] and MgATP-bound[4] states. The enzyme possesses molybdenum iron-sulfido cluster cofactors (FeMoco) as active sites, each bearing 2 pseudo-cubic iron-sulfido structures.


References

  1. William A. Noyes, ed. (1904). Review of American Chemical Research 10. p. 75.
  2. Menhart, N., Thariath, A., Viswanatha, T. (1991) Characterization of the pyoverdines of Azotobacter vinelandii ATCC 12837 with regard to heterogeneity. Biology of Metals 4(4):223-32
  3. Schindelin, H., Kisker, C., Schlessman, J.L., Howard, J.B., Rees, D.C. (1997) Structure of ADP x AIF4(-)-stabilized nitrogenase complex and its implications for signal transduction. Nature 387: 370-376
  4. Chiu, H., Peters, J.W., Lanzilotta, W.N., Ryle, M.J., Seefeldt, L.C., Howard, J.B., Rees, D.C. (2001) MgATP-Bound and nucleotide-free structures of a nitrogenase protein complex between the Leu 127 Delta-Fe-protein and the MoFe-protein. Biochemistry 40: 641-650

External links


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