Bacterial antenna complex
| Antenna complex alpha/beta subunit | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
_Structure_4_581-597.png) Structure of the light-harvesting complex II.[1] | |||||||||
| Identifiers | |||||||||
| Symbol | LHC | ||||||||
| Pfam | PF00556 | ||||||||
| InterPro | IPR000066 | ||||||||
| PROSITE | PDOC00748 | ||||||||
| SCOP | 1lgh | ||||||||
| SUPERFAMILY | 1lgh | ||||||||
| OPM superfamily | 1 | ||||||||
| OPM protein | 1lgh | ||||||||
| |||||||||
Bacterial antenna complex proteins are the main light-absorbing components in photosynthetic bacteria.[1]
In photosynthetic purple bacteria the antenna complexes function as light-harvesting systems that absorb light radiation and transfer the excitation energy to the reaction centres. The antenna complexes are generally composed of two types of polypeptides (alpha and beta chains) which are arranged in a ring-like fashion creating a cylinder that spans the membrane; the proteins bind two or three types of bacteriochlorophyll (BChl) molecules and different types of carotenoids depending on the species.[2][3] Both the alpha and the beta chains of antenna complexes are small proteins of 42 to 68 residues which share a three-domain organization. They are composed of a N-terminal hydrophilic cytoplasmic domain followed by a transmembrane region and a C-terminal hydrophilic periplasmic domain. In the transmembrane region of both chains there is a conserved histidine which is most probably involved in the binding of the magnesium atom of a bacteriochlorophyll group. The beta chains contain an additional conserved histidine which is located at the C-terminal extremity of the cytoplasmic domain and which is also thought to be involved in bacteriochlorophyll-binding.
Subfamilies
References
- 1 2 Koepke J, Hu X, Muenke C, Schulten K, Michel H (May 1996). "The crystal structure of the light-harvesting complex II (B800-850) from Rhodospirillum molischianum". Structure 4 (5): 581–97. doi:10.1016/S0969-2126(96)00063-9. PMID 8736556.
- ↑ Wagner-Huber R, Brunisholz RA, Bissig I, Frank G, Suter F, Zuber H (1992). "The primary structure of the antenna polypeptides of Ectothiorhodospira halochloris and Ectothiorhodospira halophila. Four core-type antenna polypeptides in E. halochloris and E. halophila". Eur. J. Biochem. 205 (3): 917–925. doi:10.1111/j.1432-1033.1992.tb16858.x. PMID 1577009.
- ↑ Brunisholz RA, Zuber H (1992). "Structure, function and organization of antenna polypeptides and antenna complexes from the three families of Rhodospirillaneae". J. Photochem. Photobiol. B 15 (1): 113–140. doi:10.1016/1011-1344(92)87010-7. PMID 1460542.