Bahmani Sultanate
Bahmani Sultanate | |||||
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![]() Bahmani Sultanate, 1470 CE | |||||
Capital | Gulbarga (1347–1425) Bidar (1425–1527) | ||||
Languages | Persian Language, Urdu, Dakhini, Marathi, Telugu, Kannada | ||||
Religion | Sunni Islam[1][2] | ||||
Government | Monarchy | ||||
Sultan | |||||
• | 1347–1358 | Ala-ud-Din Bahman Shah | |||
• | 1525–1527 | Kalim-Allah Shah | |||
Historical era | Late Medieval | ||||
• | Established | 3 August 1347 | |||
• | Disestablished | 1527 | |||
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The Bahmani Sultanate (also called the Bahmanid Empire or Bahmani Kingdom) was a Muslim state of the Deccan in South India and one of the great medieval Indian kingdoms.[3] Bahmanid Sultanate was the first independent Islamic Kingdom in South India.[4]
The empire was established by Turkic general Ala-ud-Din Bahman Shah after revolting against the Delhi Sultanate of Muhammad bin Tughlaq.[5] Nazir Uddin Ismail Shah who had revolted against the Delhi Sultanate stepped down on that day in favour of Bahman Shah. His revolt was successful, and he established an independent state on the Deccan within the Delhi Sultanate's southern provinces. The Bahmani capital was Ahsanabad (Gulbarga) between 1347 and 1425 when it was moved to Muhammadabad (Bidar). The Bahmani contested the control of the Deccan with the Vijayanagara Empire to the south. The sultanate reached the peak of its power during the vizierate (1466–1481) of Mahmud Gawan. The south Indian Emperor Krishnadevaraya of the Vijayanagara Empire defeated the last remnant of Bahmani Sultanate power after which the Bahmani Sultanate collapsed.[6] After 1518 the sultanate broke up into five states: Nizamshahi of Ahmednagar, Qutb Shahi of Golconda (Hyderabad), Baridshahi of Bidar, Imadshahi of Berar, Adilshahi of Bijapur. They are collectively known as the "Deccan Sultanates".
History
Culture
Later rulers of the dynasty believed that they descended from Bahman, the mythological figure of Greater Iranian legend and lore. The Bahamani Sultans were patrons of the Persian language, culture and literature, and some members of the dynasty became well-versed in that language and composed its literature in that language.[4]
The craftspersons of Bidar were so famed for their inlay work on copper and silver that it came to be known as Bidri.
List of Bahmani Shahs
Titular Name | Personal Name | Reign | |
---|---|---|---|
Independence from Sultan of Delhi, Muhammad bin Tughlaq. | |||
Shah Ø´Ø§Û Ala-ud-Din Bahman Shah علاء الدین ØØ³Ù† بÛمن Ø´Ø§Û |
Ala-ud-Din Bahman Shah ØØ³Ù† Ú¯Ù†Ú¯Ùˆ |
1347–1358 CE | |
Shah Ø´Ø§Û |
Muhammad Shah Bahmani I Ù…ØÙ…د Ø´Ø§Û Ø¨Ûمنی |
1358–1375 CE | |
Shah Ø´Ø§Û Ala-ud-Din Mujahid Shah علاء الدین Ù…Ø¬Ø§ÛØ¯ Ø´Ø§Û |
Mujahid Shah Bahmani Ù…Ø¬Ø§ÛØ¯ Ø´Ø§Û Ø¨Ûمنی |
1375–1378 CE | |
Shah Ø´Ø§Û |
Dawood Shah Bahmani داود Ø´Ø§Û Ø¨Ûمنی |
1378 CE | |
Shah Ø´Ø§Û |
Mahmood Shah Bahmani I Ù…ØÙ…ود Ø´Ø§Û Ø¨Ûمنی |
1378–1397 CE | |
Shah Ø´Ø§Û |
Ghiyath-ud-din Shah Bahmani عیاث الدین Ø´Ø§Û Ø¨Ûمنی |
1397 CE | |
Shah Ø´Ø§Û |
Shams-ud-din Shah Bahmani شمس الدین Ø´Ø§Û Ø¨Ûمنی Puppet King Under Lachin Khan Turk |
1397 CE | |
Shah Ø´Ø§Û Taj-ud-Din Feroze Shah تاج الدین Ùیروز Ø´Ø§Û |
Feroze Khan Ùیروز خان |
1397–1422 CE | |
Shah Ø´Ø§Û |
Ahmed Shah Wali Bahmani اØÙ…د Ø´Ø§Û ÙˆÙ„ÛŒ بÛمنی |
1422–1436 CE | |
Shah Ø´Ø§Û Ala-ud-Din Ahmed Shah علاء الدین اØÙ…د Ø´Ø§Û |
Ala-ud-Din Ahmed Shah Bahmani علاء الدین اØÙ…د Ø´Ø§Û Ø¨Ûمنی |
1436–1458 CE | |
Shah Ø´Ø§Û Ala-ud-Din Humayun Shah علاء الدین ھمایوں Ø´Ø§Û |
Humayun Shah Zalim Bahmani ھمایوں Ø´Ø§Û Ø¸Ø§Ù„Ù… بÛمنی |
1458–1461 CE | |
Shah Ø´Ø§Û |
Nizam Shah Bahmani نظام Ø´Ø§Û Ø¨Ûمنی |
1461–1463 CE | |
Shah Ø´Ø§Û Muhammad Shah Lashkari Ù…ØÙ…د Ø´Ø§Û Ù„Ø´Ú©Ø±ÛŒ |
Muhammad Shah Bahmani II Ù…ØÙ…د Ø´Ø§Û Ø¨Ûمنی دوئم |
1463–1482 CE | |
Vira Shah ویرا Ø´Ø§Û |
Mahmood Shah Bahmani II Ù…ØÙ…ود Ø´Ø§Û Ø¨Ûمنی دوئم |
1482–1518 CE | |
Shah Ø´Ø§Û |
Ahmed Shah Bahmani II اØÙ…د Ø´Ø§Û Ø¨Ûمنی دوئم Puppet King Under Amir Barid I |
1518–1521 CE | |
Shah Ø´Ø§Û Ala-ud-Din Shah علاء الدین Ø´Ø§Û |
Ala-ud-Din Shah Bahmani II علاء الدین Ø´Ø§Û Ø¨Ûمنی دوئم Puppet King Under Amir Barid I |
1521–1522 CE | |
Shah Ø´Ø§Û |
Waliullah Shah Bahmani ولی Ø§Ù„Ù„Û Ø´Ø§Û Ø¨Ûمنی Puppet King Under Amir Barid I |
1522–1525 CE | |
Shah Ø´Ø§Û |
Kaleemullah Shah Bahmani کلیم Ø§Ù„Ù„Û Ø´Ø§Û Ø¨Ûمنی Puppet King Under Amir Barid I |
1525–1527 CE | |
Dissolution of the Sultanate into 5 Kingdoms namely; Bidar Sultanate; Ahmednagar Sultanate; Bijapur Sultanate; Golconda Sultanate and Berar Sultanate. |

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Taj ud-Din Firuz Shah of the Bahmani Sultanate's Firman.
-
Tomb of Ahmad Shah I Wali.
See also
References
- ↑ Burjor Avari, Islamic Civilization in South Asia: A History of Muslim Power and Presence in the Indian subcontinent, (Routledge, 2013), 91.
- ↑ Farooqui Salma Ahmed, A Comprehensive History of Medieval India: From Twelfth to the Mid-Eighteenth Century, (Dorling Kindersley Pvt. Ltd., 2011), 170.
- ↑ "The Five Kingdoms of the Bahmani Sultanate". orbat.com. Retrieved 2007-01-05.
- 1 2 Ansari, N.H. "Bahmanid Dynasty" Encyclopaedia Iranica
- ↑ Sen, Sailendra (2013). A Textbook of Medieval Indian History. Primus Books. pp. 106–108,117. ISBN 978-9-38060-734-4.
- ↑ Eaton, Richard M. A Social History of the Deccan, 1300-1761: Eight Indian Lives. p. 88.
Further reading
- Avari, Burjor (2013), Islamic Civilization in South Asia: A history of Muslim power and presence in the Indian subcontinent, Routledge, ISBN 978-0-415-58061-8
- Kulke, Hermann; Rothermund, Dietmar (2004), A History of India (Fourth ed.), Routledge
External links
- Chronology of Deccan rulers
- Hameed Akhtar Siddiqui, "History of Bahmanis of Deccan, a Gulbarga Saltanate of India"
- Library of Congress – A Country Study: India