Bala, Gwynedd

Bala
Welsh: Y Bala

English Chapel
Bala
 Bala shown within Gwynedd
Population 1,974 (2011)
OS grid referenceSH925359
CommunityBala
Principal areaGwynedd
Ceremonial countyGwynedd
CountryWales
Sovereign stateUnited Kingdom
Post town BALA
Postcode district LL23
Dialling code 01678
Police North Wales
Fire North Wales
Ambulance Welsh
EU Parliament Wales
UK ParliamentDwyfor Meirionnydd
Welsh AssemblyDwyfor Meirionnydd
List of places
UK
Wales
Gwynedd

Coordinates: 52°54′40″N 3°35′46″W / 52.911°N 3.596°W / 52.911; -3.596

Bala (Welsh: Y Bala) is a market town and community in Gwynedd, Wales. Formerly an urban district, Bala lies within the historic county of Merionethshire. It lies at the north end of Bala Lake (Welsh: Llyn Tegid), 17 miles (27 km) north-east of Dolgellau, with a population taken in the 2001 and 2011 census' of 1,980. It is little more than one wide street,[1] Stryd Fawr (High Street, literally "Great Street"). The High Street and its shops can be quite busy in the summer months with many tourists.

Bala is ranked 11th in the list of the highest percentages of Welsh language speakers in Wales. According to the (2011 census), 78.5% of Bala's population can speak Welsh fluently, with the highest percentage in the 5-9 age group, 95.7%.

History

In the 18th century, the town was well known for the manufacture of flannel, stockings, gloves and hosiery. The Tower of Bala (Welsh: Tomen) (30 ft. (9 m) high by 50 ft (15 m) diameter) is a tumulus or "moat-hill", formerly thought to mark the site of a Roman camp. The large stone-built theological college, Coleg Y Bala, of the Calvinistic Methodists and the grammar school, which was founded in 1712, are the chief features, together with the statue of the Rev. Thomas Charles (1755–1814), the theological writer, to whom was largely due the foundation of the British and Foreign Bible Society.[1] Other famous people from the Bala area include Michael D. Jones, Christopher Timothy, Owen Morgan Edwards, born in Llanuwchllyn, and T.E. Ellis, born in Cefnddwysarn.

In 1800 a 15-year-old girl, Mary Jones, walked the 25 miles from her home village Llanfihangel-y-Pennant to purchase a bible in Bala. The scarcity of the bible, along with the determination of Mary to get one (she had saved for six years), was a major factor in the foundation of the British and Foreign Bible Society in 1804.

Betsi Cadwaladr, who worked with Florence Nightingale in the Crimea, and who gave her name to the Health Board, came from Bala.

Bala hosted the National Eisteddfod in 1967, 1997 and 2009. The 2009 Eisteddfod was notable because the chair was not awarded to any of the entrants as the standard was deemed to be too low.[2] Bala hosted the Eisteddfod Genedlaethol yr Urdd Gobaith Cymru, National Eisteddfod for the Welsh League of Youth, in 2014.

Etymology

The Welsh word bala refers to the outflow of a lake.[3]

Twinning

Bala, Ontario, Canada, was named after the town in 1868. They have since become twin towns.

Geography

Bala Lake (Welsh: Llyn Tegid) is the largest natural lake in Wales. It occasionally freezes over—most recently in the severe winters of 1947 and 1963. The rare gwyniad fish — trapped in the lake at the end of the last Ice Age, some 10,000 years ago — is in danger because its natural home is increasingly unsuitable.[4] A member of the whitefish family, it is found only in Bala Lake.

Coleg y Bala is at the top of the hill on the road towards Llyn Celyn. The Victoria Hall is a small old cinema, that previously was a community hall. There are several chapels: notably Capel Mawr and Capel Bach. The livestock market on Arenig Street is still going strong. Bro Eryl estate was built just after the war.

Destinations from Bala
Rhyduchaf, Llidiardau, Trawsfynydd, Porthmadog, Criccieth, Pwllheli, Caernarfon, Bangor Frongoch, Llyn Celyn, Blaenau Ffestiniog, Betws-y-Coed, Llanrwst, Conwy, Llandudno Llangwm, Cerrigydrudion, Llyn Brenig, Ruthin, Denbigh, St Asaph
Llangower, Bala Lake Cefnddwysarn, Llandderfel, Llandrillo, Cynwyd, Corwen, Llangollen, Ruabon, Wrexham, Chester
   Bala  
Llanuwchllyn, Bwlch y Groes, Dinas Mawddwy, Dolgellau, Barmouth, Tywyn, Aberdyfi, Machynlleth, Aberystwyth Rhos-y-gwaliau, Lake Vyrnwy Llangynog, Penybontfawr, Llanrhaeadr-ym-Mochnant, Llanfyllin, Oswestry, Welshpool, Shrewsbury

Attractions

The Afon Tryweryn, a river fed from Llyn Celyn which runs through Bala, is world-famous for its white water kayaking. International governing bodies, the International Canoe Federation, the European Canoe Union and the British Canoe Union all hold national and international events there. The Canolfan Tryweryn National Whitewater Centre has its home in Bala. There are at least three local campsites that cater for the influx of canoeists from many parts of the world.

An annual music festival known as 'Wa Bala' is also held in the town. The venue hosts local Welsh bands and is similar in format to Dolgellau's Sesiwn Fawr.

Nearby are the mountains Aran Fawddwy and Arenig Fawr.

Railways

Bala railway stations

Legend
Bala and Festiniog Railway
Bala Lake
Bala (New)
Bala Lake Railway
Bala Lake Halt
Bala (Penybont)

Bala Junction
Bala and Dolgelly Railway
Corwen and Bala Railway

Bala has been served by various railway stations on the Great Western Railway:[5]

The Bala Lake Railway (Welsh: Rheilffordd Llyn Tegid) runs for 4.5 miles (7.2 km) from Llanuwchllyn to the edge of the town, along a section of the former trackbed of the Great Western Railway line between Ruabon and Barmouth. It terminates at Bala (Penybont) railway station, which opened in 1976 on the site of the former Lake Halt station.

Sport

Bala is home to Welsh Premier League football club Bala Town F.C. who play at Maes Tegid. Bala's local rugby club is Bala RFC.

Climate

As with the rest of the UK, Bala benefits from a maritime climate, with limited seasonal temperature ranges, and generally moderate rainfall throughout the year. There is a met office weather station at Bala, sited at 535 feet above sea level.

Climate data for Bala 163m, 1971-2000
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Average high °C (°F) 6.7
(44.1)		 6.8
(44.2)		 8.7
(47.7)		 11.1
(52)		 14.6
(58.3)		 16.8
(62.2)		 19.1
(66.4)		 18.8
(65.8)		 16.2
(61.2)		 12.9
(55.2)		 9.4
(48.9)		 7.5
(45.5)		 12.38
(54.29)
Average low °C (°F) 0.9
(33.6)		 0.8
(33.4)		 2.1
(35.8)		 2.8
(37)		 5.2
(41.4)		 8.0
(46.4)		 10.2
(50.4)		 9.8
(49.6)		 8.0
(46.4)		 5.6
(42.1)		 3.0
(37.4)		 1.6
(34.9)		 4.83
(40.7)
Source: YR.NO[6]

Gallery

See also

References

  1. 1 2  One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Bala". Encyclopædia Britannica 3 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press.
  2. ↑ "No-one worthy of eisteddfod chair". BBC News. 7 August 2009. Retrieved 13 March 2011.
  3. ↑ Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru. a–baldog. University of Wales. 2006. p. 648.
  4. ↑ Freyhof, J. & Kottelat, M. 2008. Coregonus pennantii. In: IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2010.1. Downloaded on 17 April 2010.
  5. ↑ Butt, R. V. J. (1995). The Directory of Railway Stations: details every public and private passenger station, halt, platform and stopping place, past and present (1st ed.). Sparkford: Patrick Stephens Ltd. ISBN 1-8526-0508-1. OCLC 60251199.
    Jowett, Alan (March 1989). Jowett's Railway Atlas of Great Britain and Ireland: From Pre-Grouping to the Present Day (1st ed.). Sparkford: Patrick Stephens Ltd. ISBN 1-8526-0086-1. OCLC 22311137.
    Jowett, Alan (2000). Jowett's Nationalised Railway Atlas (1st ed.). Penryn, Cornwall: Atlantic Transport Publishers. ISBN 0-9068-9999-0. OCLC 228266687.
  6. ↑ "Climate Normals 1971–2000". YR.NO. Retrieved 3 Mar 2011.

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Bala, Gwynedd.
Wikivoyage has a travel guide for Bala.
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