Bank Hall

For other uses, see Bank Hall (disambiguation).
Bank Hall

Daffodils on the Tower Lawn at Bank Hall with a view of the south elevation of the hall

The daffodils on the tower lawn at Bank Hall
Location Bretherton, Lancashire, England
Coordinates 53°40′32″N 2°48′54″W / 53.6756°N 2.8151°W / 53.6756; -2.8151Coordinates: 53°40′32″N 2°48′54″W / 53.6756°N 2.8151°W / 53.6756; -2.8151
Area 18 acres (7.3 ha) [Gardens]
Built 1608
Built for William/Henry Banastre (1608) George Anthony Legh Keck (1832)
Demolished (North East Wing ~ approx 1940)
Rebuilt 18th century (?)
19th century (1832–1833)
Restored Awaiting Restoration
Architect George Webster
1832 [Renovation]
Architectural style(s) Jacobean
Listed Building – Grade II*
Designated 22 October 1952
Reference no. 184269
Location in the Borough of Chorley

Bank Hall is a Jacobean mansion in Bretherton, Lancashire, England. It is a Grade II* listed building. The hall was built on the site of an older house in 1608 by the Banastres who were lords of the manor. The hall was extended during the 18th and 19th centuries. Extensions were built for George Anthony Legh Keck in 1832–1833, to the design of the architect George Webster.

Legh Keck died in 1860 and the estates passed to Thomas Powys, 3rd Baron Lilford. The contents were auctioned in 1861 and the hall used as a holiday home and later leased to tenants. During the Second World War the Royal Engineers used it as a control centre. After the war the estate was returned to the Lilfords whose estate offices moved to the east wing of the house until 1972 when the house was vacated. The building was used as a location for the 1969 film The Haunted House of Horror.

The house was vandalised causing rapid deterioration. In 1995 the Bank Hall Action Group was formed to raise public awareness, collect funds, host events, and clear the overgrown grounds. In 2003 Bank Hall featured in the BBC's Restoration television series. Since 2006 the action group and Urban Splash have planned to restore the house as apartments retaining the gardens, entrance hall and clock tower for public access and the Heritage Trust for the North West (HTNW) plans to renovate the potting sheds and walled gardens.

History

For centuries Bank Hall was the manorial home of a branch of the Banastres, lords of the manor descended from the Norman Roger de Banastre, who built a motte and bailey castle at Prestatyn in about 1164. In 1167 the Banastres fled when Owain Gwynedd, Prince of North Wales, destroyed the castle and the family escaped to Cheshire and Lancashire.[1][2][3][4] In 1315 Sir Adam Banastre, who had extensive landholdings elsewhere in the county, led the Banastre Rebellion against Thomas, 2nd Earl of Lancaster, and was summarily beheaded at Charnock Richard when the rebellion failed.[5]

A structure from the time of Elizabeth I is recorded on Christopher Saxton's map from 1579.[6] In 1608 the Banastres built the first phase of the present hall and demolished the old building. The hall was constructed to a Jacobean style, rectangular in plan with two rooms to the east, a room and staircase to the west and a grand hall in the centre containing a screen and fireplace. It is possible that there may have been a timber structure where the east wing stands and other wooden wings that were replaced as the house was extended. Recorded in the 1666 Hearth tax, of the 99 hearths in Bretherton, Bank Hall had 12.[7]

The last of the Banastres, Christopher who was High Sheriff of Lancashire in 1670, died in 1690 leaving two daughters. The property was inherited by the eldest, Anne who married Thomas Fleetwood. He planned to drain the surrounding marsh lands.[8] He made the first unsuccessful attempt to drain Martin Mere in 1692. In 1714 the channel was improved and floodgates kept back the high tides.[9] Their daughter, Henrietta Maria, married Thomas Legh of Lyme Park and the estate passed to the Leghs.[7] In 1719 Henrietta Maria Legh donated land on which to build St Mary's Church, Tarleton.[10]

The Legh Keck coat of arms from above the rear porch
Legh Keck coat of arms above the front porch at Bank Hall

George Anthony Legh Keck moved from Stoughton Grange in Leicestershire on inheriting the estate. He was the last resident owner and commissioned a Kendal architect, George Webster, to extend the hall in 1832–1833.[11] Legh Keck collected stuffed animals and birds and horns from animal from around the world. He owned a collection of classical style statuettes and casts of figures by the sculptor Antonio Canova.

In April 1861, a year after Legh Keck's death, the hall's contents were sold at auction. A catalogue survives and lists the items by room.[12] The house and estate passed to his brother-in-law, Thomas Littleton Powys, fourth Baron Lilford,[13] whose family seat was Lilford Hall in Northamptonshire.[14] Bank Hall was used as a holiday home by the Lilfords until 1899. The estate remains part of the Lilford Estates and is managed by a land agent, Acland Bracewell in Tarleton.[15]

Tenants

The colliery owner Edward Crippen was resident in 1891 until his death in February 1892. In 1899 Sir Harcourt Everard Clare, clerk to Lancashire County Council, moved to the hall with his family and hosted garden parties in the grounds.[16] The cricketer Ranjit Singh visited him during the 1920s. King George V whilst visiting Lancashire in 1913 stopped at the lodge to greet the Clares and their staff.[17] Cotton mill owner, Lieutenant Colonel Sir Norman Seddon-Brown and his family lived at the hall from the late 1920s until 1938, when they moved to Escowbeck.[18] The Aga Khan III is thought to have visited the hall during this time.

During the Second World War the Royal Engineers were billetted at Bank Hall. The north east wing, a service wing, housed a boiler-house, shed, laundry, dairy and cheese rooms, mangle room, brew house and wash house around a central courtyard was demolished.[12][19] The 1928 Ordnance Survey map shows two greenhouses and three buildings in the walled garden. A pond was constructed in the former courtyard and a concrete drive installed. The army constructed Nissen huts in the gardens and parkland, the remains of some are still visible. After the war the estate was returned to the Lilfords who had an estate office in the east wing until 1972.[20] In 1974 a planning application was submitted to convert the house and grounds into a country club but the application was declined due to the disturbance to the historic parkland and architecture. In 1991 an application for listed building consent to demolish parts of the building to make it safe was submitted but was withdrawn.[21]

Architecture

A view of the diaper (lozenge) flushwork on the north elevation of Bank Hall
Diaper flushwork on the 1608 north, front elevation

Bank Hall, built in the Jacobean style in 1608, is a brick built mansion of three storeys with Dutch gables and a square central tower on the south front. Some of the original brickwork in a diaper (lozenge) flushwork pattern is visible on one gable. The house was restored and enlarged by architect George Webster in 1832–3. He added a wing to the west elevations, built a porch on the north side, remodelled the 1608 north elevation windows, covered the roofs with blue Cumbrian slates and finished the walls with stone details. Webster carried out the alterations sympathetically, in a style corresponding to the 17th-century building, but the difference is marked by the colour of the brickwork and sharpness of the detail. Most windows were renewed during the restoration and two Italian style bay windows added to the south front, altering its appearance.[7]

The clock tower which rises to a height of 60 feet (18 m), was built between 1660 and 1665 and remodelled in 1832–33.[22][23] The tower, which contains an original oak balustraded, cantilevered staircase, is the chief architectural feature of the building on the south side.[7] The brick built tower has stone quoins at the corners and the staircase has eight original stone cross-windows with mullions, transoms and hoodmoulds irregularly spaced at different levels[24] which contained leaded glass in an octagonal pattern. The tower has a south-facing 19th-century clock in the top storey, (the north facing clock fell when the north east elevation of the tower collapsed during the 1980s) the cogs and wheels were manufactured by John Alker and the tower parapet has ornaments from the 19th-century restoration.[7]

Decorative features include lavish stonework and finials on the west wing bay window and false windows on the kitchen chimney stack wall creating a decorative feature on a plain wall. The Legh Keck coat of arms is carved in stone above the front porch, with two carved green men on either side of the doors. Other features from the 1832 renovation include Legh Keck's initials "G.A.L.K" and "1833" inscribed above the Italian bay windows. There were once cast iron ram's heads holding laurel sprigs[25] and maiden's heads[26] on the building. The lead rain hoppers have the initials as above and there are stone statues on the tower battlements. Another feature is the chimney stacks, which are diamond shaped, while others are square and the chimneys on the west wing are octagonal. The clocks on the tower feature a fleur-de-lis at each corner of their faces, thought to be from the Bannastre family coat of arms.[27]

The house once had a pair of 12-foot (3.7 m) concrete statues (thought to be of a gothic floral design, with the Legh Keck symbols on the base) near the front porch that were destroyed and a sundial, which has been lost. A pair of lion statues from Atherton Hall that stood by the front porch were moved to the Lilford Estate offices in Tarleton.[15]

Interiors

Little is known about the interior before the renovations of 1832–1833, when the great hall was divided into an entrance hall with a marble floor and a dining room with a grand fireplace. A ground floor room in the north wing was panelled with oak from nearby Carr House. There was a 17th-century fireplace with a peacock carved on the chimney-piece in an upstairs bedrooms[7] matching a peacock design on the Delft tiles of the fireplace. Other Delft tiles were found in rubble inside the house. The drawing room had a 16-foot (4.9 m) high ceiling with lavish plaster work (a small portion of which survives today) and a parquet floor. The study at the rear of the west wing ground floor, had bookshelves and a grand fireplace buried under the fallen floor from above. Its panelled window shutters survive in their casings. The cellars under the west wing survive. The east wing has cellars, but the whereabouts of the entrance is unknown. The west wing was occupied by the family and the east wing by the servants.

Legh Keck collected sculptures and antiques; the hall was furnished with Turkish carpets and oak and mahogany carved furniture from the 17th and 18th centuries, horns and animal heads from around the world and family portraits from the 17th century hung on the walls. Numerous Wedgwood items were sold after Legh Keck's death in 1861 to pay death duties.[12]

Condition

A view of the clock tower covered in scaffolding
A view of the clock tower in 2008

The building has been vandalised and deteriorated as a result of the theft of lead from the roof. In the early 1980s, the Lilford Trust applied for planning permission to turn the house and grounds into a country club and golf course without success. A large mural painted on the wall of the drawing room was destroyed when the west wing roof collapsed in the 1980s.

In 1952 Bank Hall was granted Grade II* listed building status.[28] In 2002 it was in the 22% of buildings in the UK at immediate risk of further rapid deterioration or loss of fabric.[29] and is on the Buildings at Risk Register[30] described as in very bad condition and priority B for restoration and conservation.[31] In 2010, the house was in a ruinous state.[32] The west wing roof and north-east corner of the clock tower collapsed in the early 1980s, losing a clock face and three-quarters of the statues from the battlements.[33] In 2001 listed building consent was granted for structural work to the tower,[34] Three of the decorative corner pinnacles remain but the west elevation has a crack held together by scaffolding installed in 2002 during emergency repairs funded by the action group and English Heritage.[35] At that time, the remains of the clock mechanism were removed and the fallen statues and clock face parts put into storage. In 2006 an attic water tank crashed through the floors in the oldest part of the building causing damage to the roof, a front gable and the rooms below. On 26 July 2007 BBC Breakfast News featured the building, as one of sixteen buildings in the UK which require emergency work. A cantilevered oak staircase remains in the tower where, in 2008, part of the staircase from the south elevation collapsed, but caused no damage to the balustrade.[15]

In 2008 most of the slates were removed to prevent more gables collapsing from pressure on the walls.[15] Three magnolia trees are growing out of the foundations of the east wing and cover the exterior, which has lost two gables. The east wing contains a ground floor room with no windows, a concrete ceiling and a steel door which remains unopened since the estate offices closed in 1972.[15] In September 2010, a collapse in the west wing caused further damage to the 1832 stairwell. The rooms above the parlour were destroyed as the roof and wall collapsed and the drawing room's rear wall partially collapsed. English Heritage assessed the damage as urgent and structural work was needed to prevent further collapse.[36] In November 2011 contractors for the HTNW dismantled the north wing porch as the gable was at risk of collapse. Decorative masonry was removed for an exhibition that was held in Nelson in 2012 by the HTNW.

Restoration

Bank Hall Action Group (from 2012 the Friends of Bank Hall) was formed in 1995 with the ultimate aim of restoring Bank Hall. In 2003 the cost of restoration was estimated to be £3 million.[37] Urban Splash was engaged to develop a business plan with the aid of a Heritage Lottery Fund grant in 2006.[38] Urban Splash envisaged creating 12 residences within the hall and 23 houses in the old orchard[39] while the action group would retain the entrance hall, clock tower and upper rooms for public access.[40] The project will cost £6 million with proceeds from the sale of houses and a £1.5m grant from the Heritage Lottery Fund funding the restoration.[41]

A structural report by Urban Splash in 2009 enabled a plan for the building's interior to be developed.[42] After delays, planning permission was granted in February 2011. On 14 February 2012, a grant of £1.69 million to restore the hall starting in late 2012, was made by the Heritage Lottery Fund to the Heritage Trust for the North West (HTNW).[43][44] The HTNW has separate plans for a visitor entrance and heritage garden.[45] Planning permission to convert the potting shed and greenhouse into a visitor entrance, funded separately, was granted in December 2011.[46] A further £50,000 was awarded by WREN (a non-profit company) towards the restoration of the tower in September 2013.[47] Work is set to begin on the project in early 2016.[48]

Estate

Bank Bridge, the warehouse, which carries the A59 road over the River Douglas
Bank Bridge and the warehouse in 2010

The estate is crossed by the River Douglas and its embankment provides flood protection for the low-lying area. The Leeds and Liverpool Canal crosses close to the river and Grade II listed Bank Bridge carries the A59 road over river and canal. A Grade II listed warehouse is close to the bridge.

Bank Lodge, situated at a disused access road, is owned by the estate, and can be seen on the 1928 Ordnance Survey Map.[49]

A view of the Bank Hall farm house
Bank Hall farm house in 2006

Bank Hall Farm, the home farm whose Elizabethan long barn built in the early 17th century, is Grade II listed. It was extended in the early 19th century and converted into residences in 2004.[50] Between the fields and the barns was a timber yard. The estate offices, blacksmith's forge and coach house were housed on the farm. The action group use the coach house and offices as a temporary visitor centre.[15]

Along a carriage drive, lined with lime trees, connecting the hall to Bretherton are 'Crossford Lodge', a modern single-story building and Bretherton Lodge (The New Lodge).

Bank Hall Windmill built in 1741, is a Grade II listed building[51] situated between Bank Bridge and Plocks Farm. Carr House, built by the Stone family in 1613 was the home of Jeremiah Horrocks, the first person to predict and observe the Transit of Venus, in 1639.

Gardens

Main article: Bank Hall Gardens
A view of some of the snowdrops in a carpet that can be found at Bank Hall in late winter/ early spring.
Bank Hall snowdrop carpet, February 2009

Bank Hall is surrounded by 18 acres (7.3 ha) of gardens, parkland and an arboretum created by George Anthony Legh Keck.[52] Bank Hall Gardens were neglected from 1980–1995 though some plants survived. Snowdrop carpets which cover much of the gardens in February were uncovered in 2001 when a small area was cleared.[53] In 2007 the UK's Snowdrop Society visited the gardens which have attracted thousands of visitors each year.[54] There are several varieties of daffodils, bluebells and primroses.

The oldest tree, a 550‑year‑old yew, predates the hall, and the tallest, a wellingtonia, towers over the woodland. There are numerous coast redwoods[55] and specimens of dawn redwood, Lebanon cedar, atlas cedar, swamp cypress, lime and magnolia.

A conservatory was built for Elizabeth Legh Keck in the 1830s. The walled garden, constructed in 1835, has a greenhouse and potting sheds on its north wall and a heated outdoor wall. The HTNW aims to restore it into a heritage garden as part of a three-phase project. A cricket field and tennis lawns were situated beyond a ha-ha and accessed via a yew tunnel.

Film and television

The exterior was used as a location for The Haunted House of Horror (1969).[56] The hall and gardens have featured on local BBC.[57] and ITV news reports and Fred Talbot's weather reports since 1995. Its plight was highlighted when it featured in the first series of the BBC Restoration programme, on 8 August 2003[58] when it came second in the voting.[59] The potting sheds and hall featured in the introduction to BBC Restoration Home (TV series) in 2011.

See also

References

Footnotes

  1. ↑ Lopez, N (2009) "Robert Banastre", http://cybergata.com/roots/3619.htm
  2. ↑ Medieval Mosaic Ltd "The Battle Abbey Roll. With some account of the Norman lineages. Vol I, Banastre" http://www.1066.co.nz/library/battle_abbey_roll1/subchap56.htm 2007
  3. ↑ Jeffrey L. Thomas, "Prestatyn Castle" http://www.castlewales.com/prestyn.html 2009
  4. ↑ CastleUK.Net, "Prestatyn Castle", http://www.castleuk.net/castle_lists_wales/116/prestatyncastle.htm 2009
  5. ↑ Blakeman, R (1989). ""Mab's Cross" – Legend and reality".
  6. ↑ "Christopher Saxton's 1579 map", freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.ancestry.com, retrieved 16 September 2009
  7. 1 2 3 4 5 6 William Farrer; J Brownbill, eds. (1911), "Bretherton", A History of the County of Lancaster: Volume6 (British History Online), pp. 102–8, retrieved 10 July 2010
  8. ↑ Lofthouse, J. (1972) "Lancashire's Old Families", Fleetwoods and Heskeths, Pg 121
  9. ↑ Rev. W. T. Bulpit, "Notes on Southport and District" http://www.heskethbank.com/history/bulpit/bulpittltn.html 1908
  10. ↑ Farrer, William; Brownbill, J., eds. (1911), "Tarleton: Church", A History of the County of Lancaster, Victoria County History (University of London & History of Parliament Trust) 6, retrieved 9 September 2010
  11. ↑ Bank Hall Action Group, "Bank Hall Record Book" http://www.bankhall.org.uk/documents/BHAG.pdf 2010
  12. 1 2 3 Bank Hall Action Group, "Bank Hall Auction Catalogue −1861", 2005
  13. ↑ 'Townships: Atherton', A History of the County of Lancaster: Volume 3 (1907), pp. 435–439. URL: http://www.british-history.ac.uk/report.aspx?compid=41363&strquery=Bank hall Date accessed: 7 August 2010.
  14. ↑ Lilford Hall, "Biography of 3rd Baron Lilford" http://www.lilfordhall.com/3rd-Baron-Lilford.asp 2010
  15. 1 2 3 4 5 6 John Howard, "The Bank Hall Timeline" http://bankhallbretherton.webs.com/bankhalltimeline.htm 2007
  16. ↑ "The History Of Bank Hall". bankhallbretherton.webs.com. 2009–2011. Retrieved 29 March 2013.
  17. ↑ Sir Harcourt Clare (1913) "Waiting for the Royal Visit, Bank Hall, Bretherton", http://lanternimages.lancashire.gov.uk/index.php?a=subjects&s=item&key=SYToyOntpOjA7aToxNTEwO2k6MTtzOjEwOiJCcmV0aGVydG9uIjt9&pg=11
  18. ↑ Tarleton Parish Church, "RECTOR'S WEEKLY NEWS 14 March 1946" http://www.tarletonvillage.com/history/rectorsweekly/460314.html 1946
  19. ↑ Bank Hall Action Group, "Archive Maps" http://62.173.124.60/AnitePublicDocs/00062876.pdf 2010
  20. ↑ Paul Dillon and Geoff Coxhead, "Bank Hall, Bretherton, Lancashire", 2004
  21. ↑ http://planning.chorley.gov.uk/online-applications/applicationDetails.do?previousCaseUprn=200004075074&previousCaseType=Property&previousKeyVal=001IYWETLI000&activeTab=summary&previousCaseNumber=0019BQETBU000&keyVal=ZZZZZHETXE020
  22. ↑ Bank Hall Action Group (2004) Bank Hall, Bretherton, Lancashire, Written by Paul Dillon and Geoff Coxhead
  23. ↑ Chorley Guardian, "Fears for tower at historic hall" http://www.chorley-guardian.co.uk/chorley/Fears-for-tower-at-historic.159641.jp 26 September 2001
  24. ↑ Bank Hall Bretherton, Listed Buildings Online, retrieved 25 July 2010
  25. ↑ MyFamilySilver.com, "The Legh family crest" http://www.myfamilysilver.com/crestFinder/crestDetails.aspx?id=156711&searchName=Legh 2010
  26. ↑ MyFamilySilver.com "The Keck family crest" http://www.myfamilysilver.com/crestFinder/crestDetails.aspx?id=155017&searchName=Keck 2010
  27. ↑ MyFamilySilver.com, "Powys-Keck Family Crest" http://www.myfamilysilver.com/crestFinder/crestDetails.aspx?id=155018&searchName=Keck 2010
  28. ↑ Historic England. "Bank Hall, Bretherton (184269)". Images of England. Retrieved 22 April 2015.
  29. ↑ BBC News (2002), "Cash crisis threatens heritage sites", http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk/2119588.stm
  30. ↑ http://risk.english-heritage.org.uk/2010.aspx?id=1175&rt=0&pn=1&st=a&ctype=all&crit=bank+hall
  31. ↑ Lancashire Evening Post (2003) "Historic Buildings key to regeneration", http://www.lep.co.uk/news/historic_buildings_key_to_regeneration_1_138115
  32. ↑ Lancashire County Council, (2010) "The State of Lancashire Report", http://www.lancashire.gov.uk/office_of_the_chief_executive/lancashireprofile/misc/swot5.asp
  33. ↑ English Heritage (1985) "Building Survey – Bank Hall, Liverpool Road, Bretherton", http://91.194.152.202/AnitePublicDocs/00062678.pdf
  34. ↑ Chroley Borough Council (2001) "Listed Building Consent", http://91.194.152.202/AnitePublicDocs/00002551.pdf
  35. ↑ English Heritage, "Bank Hall, Liverpool Road, Bretherton, Chorley, Lancashire" http://risk.english-heritage.org.uk/default.aspx?id=525&rt=1&pn=96&st=a&ctype=all&crit= 2009
  36. ↑ Bank Hall Action Group (2010) "Winter News Letter – December 2010",
  37. ↑ Spatial Planning Environmental Department in Lancashire, "8.1 Built Environment Sites of Heritage Value" http://www.lancashire.gov.uk/environment/documents/SpatialPlanning/Environment.pdf 2007
  38. ↑ Lancashire Evening Post, "Historic hall may be turned into flats" http://www.lep.co.uk/news/Historic-hall-may-be-turned.1630871.jp 2006
  39. ↑ Building Design, "Riches Hawley Mikhail Architects" http://www.bdonline.co.uk/story.asp?storycode=3096943 2007
  40. ↑ Urban Splash, "NPA Historic Landscape Report", http://91.194.152.202/AniteIM.WebSearch/Results.aspx?grdResultsP=2 9 December 2010
  41. ↑ Southport Visiter, "Restoration Plan to save Bank Hall in Bretherton" http://www.southportvisiter.co.uk/southport-news/southport-southport-news/2010/04/14/restoration-plan-to-save-bank-hall-in-bretherton-101022-26232554/ 14 April 2010
  42. ↑ Urban Splash, "Structural Engineers Report" http://91.194.152.202/AniteIM.WebSearch/Results.aspx?grdResultsP=18 December 2009
  43. ↑ Heritage Lottery Fund (2012) "Banking on a great future for Bank Hall", http://www.hlf.org.uk/news/Pages/BankingonagreatfutureforBankHall.aspx
  44. ↑ BBC News (2012) "Bank Hall given restoration funding boost", Accessed on 15 February 2012 at:http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-lancashire-17028499
  45. ↑ Bank Hall Action Group, "Organisations which support the work and aims of the Bank Hall Action Group" www.bankhall.org.uk 2002
  46. ↑ Bank Hall Action Group (2011) "Winter News Letter – Potting Sheds (Phase 1) Project"
  47. ↑ Lancashire Evening Post (2013) "Bank Hall gets £50,000 restoration grant",http://www.lep.co.uk/news/local/bank-hall-gets-50-000-restoration-grant-1-6063373
  48. ↑ http://www.bankhall.org
  49. ↑ Lancashire County Council – Lancashire Lantern, "The Lodge, Bank Hall, Bretherton" Bank Hall Lodge in 1910 2005
  50. ↑ Findaproperty.com, "Lilac Cottage – 4 bedroom cottage for sale in Bretherton, Lancashire" http://www.findaproperty.com/displayprop.aspx?edid=00&salerent=0&pid=4103615 2010
  51. ↑ Mouseprice.com, "The Windmill, Liverpool Road, PR26 9AX" http://www.mouseprice.com/property-information/ref-19309299 12 August 2004
  52. ↑ Urban Splash, "NPA Historic Landscape Report" http://91.194.152.202/AniteIM.WebSearch/Results.aspx?grdResultsP=2 9 February 2010
  53. ↑ Lancashire Evening Post (2004) "Spectacular snowdrops attract the crowds", http://www.lep.co.uk/news/spectacular_snowdrops_attract_the_crowds_1_138985
  54. ↑ "Snowdrop History at Bank Hall" at bankhallbretherton.webs.com
  55. ↑ Redwood World, "Giant Redwoods in the UK – Bretherton – Bank Hall (Lancashire)" http://www.redwoodworld.co.uk/picturepages/bretherton.htm November, 2009
  56. 1 2 EOFFTV, "The Haunted House of Horror (1969)" http://www.eofftv.com/h/hau/haunted_house_of_horror_main.htm 2009
  57. ↑ http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-lancashire-17028499
  58. ↑ Chorley Guardian, "'VIPs' back Bank Hall bid" http://www.chorley-guardian.co.uk/chorley/39VIPs39-back-Bank-Hall-bid.567388.jp 30 July 2003
  59. ↑ BBC, "Restoration, Series 1 – Bank Hall" http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/programmes/restoration/2003/#bankhall 2003
  60. ↑ http://www.bbc.co.uk/tv/features/restoration/seriesone.shtml
  61. ↑ http://bankhallbretherton.webs.com/bankhalltimeline.htm
  62. ↑ http://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b00k2f87
  63. ↑ http://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b01myg63
  64. ↑ http://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b01nczkg
  65. ↑ http://www.bbc.co.uk/iplayer/episode/b01qyn18/Britains_Empty_Homes_Revisited_Episode_2/

Bibliography

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