Basilica del Santo Niño

Minor Basilica of the Holy Child
Basílica Minore del Santo Niño de Cebú
The Basílica Minore del Santo Niño is the Mother and Head of All Churches in the Philippines.
Minor Basilica of the Holy Child Location in the Philippines
10°17′38″N 123°54′5″E / 10.29389°N 123.90139°E / 10.29389; 123.90139
Location	Cebu City
Country	Philippines
Denomination	Roman Catholic
Website	Official website
History
Former name(s)	Church and Convent of Saint Augustine^[1]
Founded	April 28, 1565 (1565-04-28)
Founder(s)	Fray Andres de Urdaneta, O.S.A. Fray Diego de Herrera, O.S.A.
Consecrated	1739^[1] - 1740^[2]
Relics held	Santo Niño de Cebú
Architecture
Status	Basilica
Functional status	Active (partially damaged due to earthquake)
Heritage designation	National Historical Landmark
Designated	1941
Architect(s)	Fray Juan de Albarran, O.S.A.
Architectural type	Church and convent
Style	Earthquake Baroque
Groundbreaking	1735
Completed	1739-1740
Specifications
Number of domes	None
Materials	Stone^[1]
Administration
Archdiocese	Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Cebu
Province	Augustinian Province of Sto. Niño de Cebu - Philippines
Clergy
Archbishop	Jose Serofia Palma, D.D.
Rector	Rev. Fr. Jonas M. Mejares, O.S.A.
Priest in charge	Rev. Fr. Rodolfo Bugna, O.S.A.

The Minor Basilica of the Holy Child (Cebuano: Basilica Menore del Santo Niño Spanish: Basilica del Santo Niño and Filipino: Basilica Menor del Santo Niño) and commonly known as the Santo Niño Basilica, is a minor basilica in Cebu City in the Philippines that was founded in the 1565. It is the oldest Roman Catholic church established in the country on the spot where the image of the Santo Niño de Cebú, a statue depicting the Child Jesus was found in 1565 by Spanish explorers led by Miguel Lopez de Legazpi. The Holy See calls the temple the "Mother and Head of all Churches in the Philippines" (mater et caput... omnium ecclesiarum Insularum Philippinarum).^[3] The image is the same statue given by Ferdinand Magellan to the wife of Rajah Humabon as a gift over forty years after Humabon's baptism to Christianity on April 14, 1521. It was found by a soldier preserved in a burnt wooden box after Legazpi razed the village of hostile natives.^[1] When Pope Paul VI made the church a basilica in 1965, he said it was "the symbol of the birth and growth of Christianity in the Philippines."^[4]

The present building, which was completed from 1739-1740, has housed the oldest religious image in the country ever since.

History

Previous churches

The church of the Holy Child was founded by an Augustinian priest, Andrés de Urdaneta, on April 28, 1565. The first church and convent were built out of earth, hard wood and nipa. Both structures burned down on November 1, 1566. In 1605, Rev. Pedro Torres started the construction of its replacement. The second church was completed in 1626, but was also destroyed by fire, in March 1628. It was rebuilt immediately under the administration of Rev. Juan de Medina^[5] with stone and bricks, but construction was stopped because of problems with the integrity of the bricks being used.^[1]

Present church

Fernando Valdés y Tamon, the Spanish governor of the Philippines, ordered the church in 1735 to be constructed of hard stone. Father Provincial Bergaño, Governor-General Fernando Valdes, Bishop Manuel Antonio Decio y Ocampo of Cebu and Rev. Juan de Albarran, Prior of the Santo Niño, started the foundations of the church on 29 February 1735.^[1] Construction was designed and led by Rev. Juan de Albarran, and it was completed in 1739 or 1740.^[2] The convent and library were later added and completed in 1764.

In 1965, during the fourth centenary of the Christianization of the Philippines, Pope Paul VI elevated the church to the rank of minor basilica; it remains under the care of the Order of St. Augustine.

Pilgrim Center

The Pilgrim Center of the Basilica

The masses on Fridays were moved to the newly constructed Pilgrim Center in September 1990 to accommodate more worshippers. The open-air theater-like structure is located in the Basilica Complex right in front of the basilica and has a capacity of about 3,500.^[1]

2013 Bohol earthquake

Main article: 2013 Bohol earthquake

On October 15, 2013, at approximately 8am GMT+8, a 7.2-magnitude earthquake shook Tagbilaran, Bohol, its force felt throughout the Visayas. It caused more than 120 casualties, and much damage to buildings, historical landmarks and churches. The earthquake destroyed most of the Basilica's belfry and façade; some walls and frescoes were cracked. A video of the collapse can be seen here. The building was soon restored and later re-opened to the public. The bell tower is now fully repaired and the main door of the church as well as the area in between the original church and the pilgrim center is now fully accessible however the right wing is still not fully accessible to the public due to clearing and completion.

Museum

There is a museum inside the Basilica complex, with exhibits relating to the history of Christianity in Cebu. Antique relics are on display, including century-old furniture, priestly vestments and cloaks donated to the Santo Nino over the centuries. There are religious exhibits such as statues and relics, items of daily life from the adjacent convent, toys said to be gifts to the child Jesus, and a large Santo Niño rosary of 15 beads.

Basilica del Santo Niño Library

Originally for exclusive use by the friars, in the year 2000 the church library was opened to all serious nonclerical researchers. Its collection covers religious subjects and non-religious disciplines including history, science, philosophy, Filipiniana, and periodicals.^[1]

Designation

The Church and Convent of Santo Niño was declared a National Historical Landmark in 1941.^[2]

Location

The Basílica Menor del Santo Niño de Cebu Basilica Complex is located in city block bordered by Osmeña Boulevard, D. Jakosalem St, P. Burgos St. and the Plaza Sugbo where the Magellan's Cross is located. The main entrance is on Osmeña Boulevard. Two blocks north of the basilica is the Cebu Metropolitan Cathedral, the seat of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Cebu.

Gallery

Interior of the Basilica del Santo Niño
The frescoes on the ceiling of the Basilica
Inside the Basilica
Candle lighting for prayer at the Sto. Niño Church
Mass celebrated at the Pilgrim Center in front of the Basilica
After the 2013 Bohol earthquake.

References

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 "Basilica Complex". Basilica del Santo Niño. Retrieved on 2013-01-30.
1 2 3 "Church and Convent of Santo Niño". National Registry of Historic Sites and Structures of the Philippines.Retrieved on 2013-01-31.
↑ http://www.vatican.va/holy_father/paul_vi/apost_letters/documents/hf_p-vi_apl_19650401_ut-clarificetur_lt.html
↑ http://www.vatican.va/holy_father/paul_vi/speeches/1965/documents/hf_p-vi_spe_19650502_philippines_en.html
↑ "Administration". Basilica del Santo Niño. Retrieved on 2013-01-30.

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Basilica of Santo Niño (Cebu).

Philippine Registry of Cultural Property (PRECUP)

Government cultural agencies	Cultural Center of the Philippines Komisyon sa Wikang Filipino National Archives National Commission for Culture and the Arts National Historical Commission of the Philippines National Library National Museum Sentro Rizal

Categories of cultural properties	UNESCO World Heritage Sites National Cultural Treasures Important Cultural Properties National Historical Landmarks National Shrines National Monuments National Heritage Houses Works of National Artists Marked Structures Other Cultural Properties

Related	National Cultural Heritage Act

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